SU717512A1

SU717512A1 - Condenser heat-exchange surface

Info

Publication number: SU717512A1
Application number: SU752094957A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Георгий Васильевич Николаев; Николай Константинович Николаев; Александр Александрович Промыслов; Николай Николаевич Щетинкин
Original assignee: Производственное Объединение Турбостроения "Ленинградский Металлический Завод"
Priority date: 1975-01-08
Filing date: 1975-01-08
Publication date: 1980-02-25

Description

Изобретение относится к области теплоэнергетики, в частности, к конденсаторам пара турбин большой мощности.The invention relates to the field of power engineering, in particular, to steam condensers of high power turbines.

Известны теплообменные поверхности конденсатора, содержащие разделенные трубными досками на отсеки трубные пучки с пароподводящими каналами между ними и каждый из пучков имеет заключенный в кожух воздухоохладитель трапецевидного сечения, меньшим основанием примыкающим к расположенному у периферии пучка коллектору отсоса паровоздушной смеси (1J .Known heat-exchange surfaces of the condenser, containing tube bundles separated by tube boards into compartments with vapor supply channels between them, and each of the bundles has a trapezoidal air cooler enclosed in a casing, with a smaller base adjacent to the vapor-air mixture exhaust manifold (1J.

Недостатком известного конденсатора является низкая эффективность .теплообмена из-за большой протяженности пути, проходимого паром и паровоздушной смесью от периферии трубного пучка к воздухоохладителю.A disadvantage of the known condenser is the low efficiency of heat transfer due to the large length of the path traveled by the steam and vapor-air mixture from the periphery of the tube bundle to the air cooler.

Цепь изобретения - повышение эффективности теплообмена.The chain of the invention is to increase the efficiency of heat transfer.

Для этого по мень/пей мере Одна из стенок коллектора выполнена в виде выдвинутого навстречу потоку смеси рассека2 геля, а между последним и стенками кожуха образованы щели, соединяющие межтрубное прос транство воздухоохладителя с коллектором.To this end, at least one of the walls of the collector is made in the form of a gel 2 slit 2 extended towards the flow of the mixture, and gaps are formed between the latter and the walls of the casing, connecting the annular space of the air cooler to the collector.

Для снижения температуры паровоз⁵ душной смеси в рассекателе выполнены отверстая, а полость коллектора разделена перегородками на перепускные каналы, каждый из которых соединен ,шепью с межтрубным пространством одного от— ⁰ сека, а отверстием - с межтрубным пространством другого. Такое выполнение теплообменной поверхности обеспечивает дополнительное охлаждение паровоздушной смеси при ее переходе вдоль трубного ⁵ пучка.по коллектору из одного отсека в другой, расположенный ближе к входу охлаждающей воды в конденсатор.To reduce the stuffy mixture temperature locomotive ⁵ provided with holes in the divider means and the cavity is divided by partitions into manifold passageways, each of which is connected, with the annulus shepyu one The relative seca ⁰ and hole - with another annulus. This embodiment of the heat exchange surface provides additional cooling of the vapor-air mixture during its transition along the tube ⁵ beam. By the collector from one compartment to another, located closer to the cooling water inlet to the condenser.

На чертежах схематически изображена описываемая теплообменная поверхность конденсатора в пределах одного отсека; „ , на фиг. 1 - продольный разрез трубного пучка конденсатора с одним ходом ίώ!*'.The drawings schematically depict the described heat transfer surface of the capacitor within one compartment; , In FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a tube bundle of a condenser with one stroke ίώ! * '.

.....з„ \ ' охлаждающей воды; на фиг. 2 - разрез А-А фиг'. 1; на фиг. 3 - разрез Б-Б фиг. 1; на фиг. 4 - разрез В-В фиг. 1; на. фиг, 5 - разрез Б-Б для варианта конденсатора с двумя ходами охлаждающей воды; на фиг. 6 - разрез В-В для варианта по фиг. 5...... with „\ 'cooling water; in FIG. 2 is a section AA of FIG. one; in FIG. 3 is a section BB of FIG. one; in FIG. 4 is a section BB of FIG. one; on. FIG. 5 is a section BB for a condenser embodiment with two strokes of cooling water; FIG. in FIG. 6 is a cross-section BB for the embodiment of FIG. 5.

Каждый трубный пучок конденсатора состоит из трубок 1, разделенных трубными досками 2 на отсеки. В каждом трубном пучке стенками 3, 4, 5 и 6 выделен воздухоохладитель 7 трапециевидного сечения, примьжающий ^ньшим основанием к расположенному у периферии трубного пучка коллектору 8 отсоса паровоздушной смеси. Стенка 6 кожуха выдвинута навстречу потоку паровоздушной смеси и является рассекателем этого потока. Между стенкой 6 и стенками 3 и 5 предусмотрены щели 9, соединяю- ’ щие межтрубное пространство воздухоохладителя 7 с коллектором 8. В коплек'торе 8 установлена треугольная перегородка 10 с отогнутой кромкой 11 и ребрами 12, делящая полость коллектора на входной канал 13 и выходной канал 14.·.Each tube bundle of the condenser consists of tubes 1, divided by tube boards 2 into compartments. In each tube bundle, walls 3, 4, 5, and 6 have a trapezoidal air cooler 7, which is adjacent to the lower base to the vapor-air mixture collector 8 located at the periphery of the tube bundle. Wall 6 of the casing is advanced towards the flow of the vapor-air mixture and is a divider of this flow. Slots 9 are provided between wall 6 and walls 3 and 5, connecting the annular space of the air cooler 7 with the collector 8. In the collector 8 there is a triangular partition 10 with a bent edge 11 and ribs 12, dividing the collector cavity into the input channel 13 and the output channel 14. ·.

В стенке 6 . выполнены отверстия 15. :In wall 6. holes are made 15.:

Стенка 4 и отогнутые кромки с генки 6 образуют каналы 16 ,для прохода смеси из воздухоохладителя 7 в коллектор 8. В трубных досках 2 предусмотрены окна для^: прохода смеси из коллектора 8 одного отсека в· коллектор соседнего. - В показанном на фиг. 5 и 6 варианте двухходового конденсатора дополнительно $5 установлена стенка 17, а между послед' ней и стенкой 6 образован проход 18 для смеси.The wall 4 and the bent edges from the gene 6 form channels 16 for passage of the mixture from the air cooler 7 to the collector 8. In the tube boards 2 there are windows for ^: passage of the mixture from the collector 8 of one compartment into the adjacent collector. - In the embodiment shown in FIG. In the 5th and 6th versions of the two-way capacitor, an additional $ 5 is installed on the wall 17, and a passage 18 for the mixture is formed between the latter and the wall 6.

Паровоздушная смесь поступает в воздухоохладитель 7 со стороны большего основания трапеции иПроходит По каналам16 в коллектор' 8. Из выходного канала 14 коннектора 8 крайнего отсека конденсатора, Предусмотрен отвод паровоздуш* '?йбй с'мёсй к эжектору ~ййи (не показано).The steam-air mixture enters the air cooler 7 from the side of the larger base of the trapezoid and Passes through channels 16 to the collector '8. From the output channel 14 of the connector 8 of the extreme compartment of the condenser, a steam * *?

вакуумнасосуvacuum pump

717512 . . 4717512. . four

Аналогичная описанной конструкция воздухоохладителя может быть применена и при боковом подводе пара в конденсатор от турбины.The design of the air cooler similar to that described can also be applied with lateral steam supply to the condenser from the turbine.

_: Описанная теплробмённая поверхность конденсатора обеспечивает эффективный ртвод паровоздушной смеси из всех частей трубного пучка и ' денсацию пара. _: The described heat-exchanged surface of the condenser provides an efficient mercury vapor transfer from all parts of the tube bundle and 'vapor dense.

ю ' .Yu ' .

интенсивную кон-intense con-

Claims

The invention relates to the field T of the power engineers, in particular, to steam condensers of high power. Condenser tag exchange surfaces containing tube bundles with steam supply channels between them and each of the bundles have a trapezoidal air cooler enclosed in a casing with a smaller base adjacent to the vapor-air mixture l located at the periphery of the suction beam collector l are known. A disadvantage of the known condenser is the low efficiency of heat exchange due to the large length of the path covered by steam and air-vapor mixture from the periphery of the tube bundle to the air cooler. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of heat transfer. For this, at least one of the walls of the collector is made in the form of a gel cut put forward to meet the flow, and between the latter and the walls of the casing there are gaps connecting the annular air cooler to the collector. In order to reduce the temperature of the vapor-air mixture in the divider, holes are made and the collector cavity is divided by partitions into bypass channels, each of which is connected to the annular space of one compartment, and the hole to the intertubular space of the other. Such an enhancement of the heat exchange surface provides additional cooling of the vapor-air mixture as it passes along the tube bundle. Along the manifold from one compartment to another, located closer to the cooling water inlet to the condenser. The drawings schematically depict the described heat exchange surface of a condenser within one ot seca .: “, in FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a tube bundle of a condenser with one code ...., .. 7 1 .. ..... .. / splash water; FIG. 2 is a section A-A of FIG. one; FIG. 3 is a section BB of FIG. one; in fig. 4 shows a section bb of FIG. one; on. FIG. 5 section bb dp version of the condenser with two cools of cooling water; on (} sp. 6 - section B-B for the variant according to Fig. 5. Each tube bundle of a condenser is molded from tubes 1 separated by tubes Kg boards 2 into compartments. In the head tube bundle, air cooler is separated by walls 3, 4, 5 and 6 7. Trapezoidal section, npHMbtKaroj Hft is smaller than the air-gas mixture suction collector 8 located at the periphery of the tube bundle. The casing wall 6 extends towards the flow of the steam-air mixture and divides this flow. Between wall 6 and wall 3 and 5 there are slots 9, a gap 9, and a splitter of this stream. air tube annulus collector 7 with a collector 8. In collector 8, a triangular bar is installed; rod 10 with a folded edge 11 and ribs 12, dividing the collector cavity into the inlet 13 and the outlet. In the wall b, holes 15 are made.: Wall 4 and bent edges from genka b form channels D6, for passage of the mixture from air cooler 7 to collector 8. In tube plates 2, windows are provided for passing the mixture from collector 8 of one compartment to the next collector. Shown in ifsr. 5 and b of the Blpftai-ife two-way condenser are additionally installed a wall 17, and between the last and, a passage 6 for a passage 18 for c; a mixture is formed by a wall 6. . , -: -, The steam-air mixture enters the air cooler 7 from the side of the large base of the trapezium and is dispersed by k-analogs 16 into the collector 8. From the output 14 of the colp- terator 8 of the outermost compartment of the condenser, it is provided for bt p51x5dush “First mix to 9JT5” $ (not shown) - 12. .4 Similar to the described design of the air cooler can also be used with a side steam supply to the condenser from the turbine. The described surface of the condenser provides an efficient evaporation of the steam-air mixture from all parts of the tube bundle and intensive condensation of steam. Claim 1. The heat exchanging surface of a condenser, preferably a steam turbine, comprising tube bundles divided by tube plates into compartments with steam supply channels between them, and each of the bundles has a bottom cooler with a smaller trapezoidal air cooler, and there is no position, the position of the tube is located in the bottom box. vapor-air mixture suction, so that, in order to increase the efficiency of heat exchange, at least one of the walls of the collector is made in the form of At first, towards the flow of the mixture of the dissector, and between the last and the walls there are gaps connecting the annular space of the air cooler with the collector ..:,

2.Surface surface, i, o tl and a io “due to the fact that, in order to reduce the temperature of the vapor-air mixture, in the air raid), and the collector cavity is divided by partitions into perepuskkte channels, each of which is connected by a gap with the annular space of one compartment, and the hole - with the annular space of another. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Swiss patent N 505357, cl. F 28 V 1 / O2, published. 1971.