SU716401A1 - Shf-correlometer - Google Patents

Description

(54) UHF CORRELOMETER

i The invention relates to a radio metering technique, namely, devices designed to measure the correlation functions of signals with a very small correlation interval (c) and can be used, in nuclear technology, in nanosecond and picosecond pulsed technology. ; ; ; ;. A microwave parallel correlometer fl of parallel action is known, containing a laconic delay line and a series of multipliers arranged so that the multiplied signals arrive at each of them With a certain fixed delay. To measure the correlation function of the signals, the outputs of the multiplication cells are connected in turn to the input of the oscilloscope. As is known, the measurement accuracy, the correlon of the functions, is determined: in particular, by the minimum step, the delay, i.e. the interval between delay values at which the individual correlation points of the function are measured. In a known correlometer, the delay step is fixed and zabisit on the number of cells. The disadvantage of such a device is its complexity and is small; accuracy is due to the spread of parameters of the multipliers and the finite number of cells. Known KOppejioMeTp of sequential action 2}, containing a strip line, to which a nonlinear element is connected via a sliding contact, and an integrator. Signals go to both ends of the line. When a nonlinear element is moved along, the line receives the sum of the input signals, the delay time between which is determined at each point by the distance from this point to the ends of the line. At the integrator output, the correlation function of the input signals is recorded. However, when measuring correlation functions with a small correlation interval, the accuracy is; provided by a known correlometer, in many cases it is not enough. For example, when measuring the correlation function of the type of random harmonic signal at a frequency of 10 GHz, to ensure an error of no more than 1%, the minimum step of the delay time should be no more than 7 PS. This corresponds to the displacement of the nonlinear element along the strip line of the known correlometer by an amount less than 1 mm. When measuring a co5 rel cien; functions of higher frequency signals, as well as for signals with a shorter correction interval, the required value is indicated less than 7 ps, i.e. A nonlinear element displacement of less than / 1 m is required. In the SECONDARY CORRECTION METER, the technical implementation of the delay step of the indicated value is a practically impracticable task, which leads to the impossibility of providing the required accuracy. The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of measuring correlation functions while decreasing the step delay | and . The goal is achieved by the fact that the b microwave correlometer contains the main polosx; a delay line from a subdial dielectric, a nonlinear element whose output is connected to the integrator input, was additionally introduced two splitters, the inputs of which are, respectively, the first and second inputs of the correlometer, the phase shifter, the second delay line with a dielectric layer and a movable dielectric plate, are placed between the dielectric layers of the first and second strip delay lines, with the inputs of the first spikelet delay line connected to the first outputs of the first and second splitters, inputs The second strip line of the pin is connected, respectively. Actually, with the second input of the first branch branch and with the output of the phase shifter, the input of which is connected to the second output of the second splitter, the input of the linear element is connected to the tap of the first stripline delay line. FIG. 1 shows a microwave diagram of the correlometer; in fig. 2 - one of the embodiments of St. strip lines with an inserted dielectric plate. The microwave correlometer contains the main strip line 1 of the length E and the second strip line 2 of the delay associated with line 1. The lines 1, 2 are separated by a layer of the main dielectric 3. With the possibility of input into and output from the main dielectric 3. A dielectric plate 4 is installed. A nonlinear element 5 is connected to a fixed point of line 1. At a distance of 6 from its first input, an integrator is connected to the output of the first and second outlets of 1 line connected to the first lines of output of 7, 8, respectively. The first input of the line 2 is connected to the second output of the splitter 7. directly, and the second input of the line 2. is connected to the second output of the splitter 8 via the phase shifter 9. The microwave correlometer works as follows. The signal 2 Ui (t) is fed to the input of the branch 7, and the signal 211 (1) sinks to the input of the splitter Z. The splitters 7, - 8 ensure the separation of the input signals into two signals, which are in amplitude and phase. In the first moves c, infases signals U, (t) arrive at the input lines 1, 2. On the second run of the strip line 1, the signal U (t) is fed, and to the second input of line 2 - the signals U2 (t) J, shifted by the phaser 9 by 180 compared to the signal Ua (f) at the second input of line 1. Common signals Entering the associated strip lines, 2 from the side of their first entrances, is excited by fast elms in each of them. The speed of these waves is determined by the parameters of the strip lines 1, 2: THG de L, C - respectively, the distributed inductance and capacitance of the flat lines. Antiphase signals u, j (t) and - (i (t} l) coming to the associated strip lines 1, 2 from their second inputs, excite in each of them slow waves that propagate in the lines with the speed VL ( ) where GO is the communication capacitance between lines 1, 2. Line 1 performs summation of signals from the first and second inputs. Therefore, the input of Nonlinear element 5 receives the sum of signals + and. (t - -tr), - delay of signal U ( t) with respect to the first input of line 1; -delay of the signal U, 2. (t) relative to the second input of lines 1. Delay of signals U ( t) and) with respect to each other at the input of the non-linear element 5 will be T - C, Direct from the output of the nonlinear element 5 U - Ct-ET,) - U (t-С,) + 2U, and t - {C. -li); enters the integrator b, to the output of which the correlation function of the input signals is recorded. When the dielectric layer 4 is inserted into or out of the main insulator 3, capacitance C (connections between lines 1, 2;: Coe-1 d 6-id - АВ- to cc- (g - € о) where Sp is the communication capacity with the wedge plate removed; -the overlap of the connected lines; -the gap between the lines-the plate flow;, -dielectric, permeability : main dielectric 3; -dielectric permeability of dielectric plates 4; - angle between planes ;; lino-shaped plates .; .. This leads to a change in the speed of slow waves in lines 1, 2. This speed takes the value W2Co, cJ e, dt-4etQ; -. (- € j: i at the connection point of the nonlinear element 5 delayed signals l) (t) and Uo (t) are relative to each other, –t where is the delay of the signal U (t) relative to the second input of line 1 at the new position of the dielectric 3. V, is the speed of propagation of slow waves at dielectric position: 3. With this step delay. - - 4r-v | - - l "After the substitution of expressions for H and vi of the semi-square;;

.Ai: {e-ejVLc d-Ae-tc5ci (,

.in the particular case, at 9-6. 0.01 m /

OIS 5 -; d 0,003 m .; Ae m

 0.001 m; from 10 ° to 0.33, -. get l t 2 on.

50

Sources of information taken into account in the examination

1. Instruments and equipment of the experiment, 55 1971, No. 5, p. 144-145.

2. USSR author's certificate number 217069, cl. G About G 7/19, 1967. Thus, when measuring the rapmonic correlation function of the form / K (I Cos2JfoTf with a frequency of 10 GHz, an error of less than 1% is provided. The dG value can be reduced by appropriately selecting the values d, oi,, which gives . opportunity to increase the measurement accuracy. Thus, the use of two connected banding lines in the microwave correlometer: as a delay line and adder and adjusting the intermediate lines due to changes in the effective dielectric constant of the main dielectric separating line , Allowed for very small step delays and thereby improve the accuracy of measuring the correlation functions of signals

Claims (1)

 The invention of the microwave correlometer, containing a stripline delay line with a dielectric layer, is a nonlinear element whose output is connected to the integrator input, which is different in that, in order to improve accuracy while decreasing the step, the two rammers are entered into the correlator. which are, respectively, the first and second inputs of the correlometer, the phase shifter, the second stripline delay line. a dielectric layer and a movable dielectric plate placed between the dielectric layers of the first and second striplines behind holders, and the inputs of the first stripline delay line are connected respectively with the first outputs of the first and second splitters ,. the inputs of the second stripline, the delay lines are connected respectively to the second output of the first splitter and to the output of the phase shifter, the input of which is connected to. The second output of the non-linear element is connected to the second output of the first delay line. .. H k 3