SU708102A1

SU708102A1 - Connection of composite-material shells

Info

Publication number: SU708102A1
Application number: SU772519315A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Игорь Афанасьевич Егоренков; Всеволод Васильевич Чернецкий; Николай Николаевич Марьинский; Геннадий Александрович Веденин; Валерий Иванович Колганов
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я А-3611; Специальное Конструкторско-Технологическое Бюро "Курс" Предприятия П/Я А-7632
Priority date: 1977-08-02
Filing date: 1977-08-02
Publication date: 1980-01-05

Description

Предлагаемое изобретение относится к производству строительных конструкций оболочечного типа и может быть использовано в различных областях строительной техники, например, для стыковки труб -оболочек секционного типа, отсеков водонапорных или силосных башен, шахтных колодцев, мостовых колонн и других строительных сооружений, подверженных действию осевых или изгибных нагрузок.The present invention relates to the production of shell-type building structures and can be used in various fields of construction equipment, for example, for joining sectional-type shell pipes, water or silo compartments, mine wells, bridge columns and other building structures subject to axial or bending loads.

Известна конструкция узла стыковки стеклопластиковой оболочки с краевыми деталями [ 11.The known design of the node docking fiberglass shell with edge parts [11.

Концевая часть трубы-оболочки снабжена опорным поясом, в котором со стороны СИЛОВОГО торца установлены втулки-фиксаторы, скрепленные с ним резьбой и клеем.The end part of the pipe-shell is equipped with a support belt, in which from the side of the POWER end there are fixed bushings fastened with thread and glue to it.

Опорный пояс узла с внешней стороны перекрыт стрингерами, имеющими в зоне опорного пояса ступенчатые переходы, и скреплен с ними, а также с силовыми слоями и втулками-фиксаторами штифтами с опорными буртиками со стороны внешних слоев, поставлен ными на резьбе или клее перпендикулярно слоям трубы-оболочки.The support belt of the assembly from the outside is blocked by stringers having step transitions in the zone of the support belt, and is fastened with them, as well as with power layers and fixing bushings with pins with support flanges from the side of the outer layers, placed on the thread or glue perpendicular to the pipe layers - shell.

Однако конструктивное исполнение узла предусматривает наличия в краевой зоне опорного пояса большого количества как продольных, так и радиальных взаимопересекающихся отверстий под установку резьбовых фиксаторных втулок, что ослабляет ее силовые сечения. Усиление этих зон дополнительным количеством армирующего материала приводит к увеличению веса конструкции, ее габаритов и перерасходу сравнительно дорогого композиционного материала.However, the design of the assembly provides for the presence in the edge zone of the support belt of a large number of both longitudinal and radial intersecting openings for installing threaded locking bushings, which weakens its power sections. Reinforcing these zones with an additional amount of reinforcing material leads to an increase in the weight of the structure, its dimensions and the cost overrun of the relatively expensive composite material.

Кроме того, большое количество резьбовых элементов при длительном воздействии осевых нагрузок или при большей затяжке стыка релаксируют совместно с композиционным материалом, снимая предварительную затяжку в резьбовых соединениях и уменьшая надежность их в работе.In addition, a large number of threaded elements with prolonged exposure to axial loads or with a greater tightening of the joint relax together with the composite material, removing the preliminary tightening in the threaded joints and reducing their reliability.

Целью изобретения является повышение надежности стыка.The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the joint.

Цель достигается тем, что соединение оболочек из композиционных материалов снабжено секторными шпонками с расширяющимися хвостовиками и схемными резьбовыми элементами, установленными в расширяющиеся хвостовики, а торцы металлических колец выполнены с кольцевыми канавками, в которых размещены секторные шпонки.The goal is achieved in that the connection of the shells of composite materials is equipped with sector dowels with expanding shanks and threaded circuit elements installed in expandable shanks, and the ends of the metal rings are made with ring grooves in which sector dowels are placed.

На фиг. 1 дано описываемое соединение оболочек, сечение А-А; на фиг. 2-3 - стыковочный узел, сечения Б-Б и В-В фиг. 1.In FIG. 1 shows the described connection shells, section aa; in FIG. 2-3 — docking unit, sections BB and BB of FIG. 1.

Предложенное шпоночно-болтовое соединение предназначено для стыковки оболочек, состоящих из внутренней 1 и наружной 2 тонкостенных обечаек и среднего слоя теплоизоляции 3 между ними. Краевые несопрягаемые торцы оболочек закрыты шпангоутами 4, выполненными из композиционного, например тканого, материала.The proposed key-bolt connection is intended for joining shells consisting of inner 1 and outer 2 thin-walled shells and a middle layer of thermal insulation 3 between them. The edge non-mating ends of the shells are closed with frames 4 made of composite, for example woven, material.

Торцевые сопрягаемые между собой при стыковке оболочки прикрыты заранее отпрессованными кольцевыми шпангоутами 5, например, двутаврового или таврового профиля, между которыми для придания стыку прочности и жесткости размещены металлические кольца 6 и 7, обжимающие боковые стенки шпангоутов по торцам.The end mating shells, when joined, are covered by pre-pressed ring frames 5, for example, an I-beam or T-profile, between which metal rings 6 and 7 are placed to give the joint strength and stiffness, compressing the side walls of the frames at the ends.

Средние части торцов сопрягающихся колец выполнены с кольцевыми расширяющимися канавками, в которые через боковые пазы 8 при снятых вставках 9 заводятся с круговым смещением относительно пазов шпонки 10 и И, в сборе образующие на стыке замкнутое разрезное кольцо с хвостовиками, входящими в зацепление с канавками колец 6, находящихся на торцах 12 стыкуемых оболочек.The middle parts of the ends of the mating rings are made with annular expanding grooves, into which through the lateral grooves 8 with the removed inserts 9 are brought in with a circular displacement relative to the grooves of the keys 10 and I, assembled at the junction forming a closed split ring with shanks that mesh with the grooves of the rings 6 located at the ends of 12 abutting shells.

При этом шпонки выполняют с резьбовыми отверстиями 13, целевое назначение которых поясняется на фиг. 2.In this case, the keys are made with threaded holes 13, the purpose of which is illustrated in FIG. 2.

На начальном этапе стыковки оболочек через пазы 8 в пазы колец заводятся только шпонки, с резьбовыми отверстиями. По круговому пазу в кольцах они передвигаются, например, при помощи гибкого щупа до технологических боковых пазов; 14, меньших, чем боковые пазы 8, размеров·. В шпонках 10 выполнены радиальные нерезьбовые технологические отверстия 15 для фиксации шпонок, например, посредством кондуктора перед отверстиями 16 и 17, через которые в резьбовые отверстия 13 шпонок завинчивают шпильки 18. Последние заводятся в зону стыка через несквозные пазы 19, выполняемые в оболочке за шпангоутами двутаврового (таврового) профиля.At the initial stage of joining the shells through the grooves 8, only dowels with threaded holes are inserted into the grooves of the rings. In a circular groove in the rings, they move, for example, using a flexible probe to the technological side grooves; 14, smaller than the side grooves 8, sizes ·. The dowels 10 are provided with radial non-threaded technological holes 15 for fixing the dowels, for example, by means of a conductor in front of the holes 16 and 17, through which the studs 18 are screwed into the threaded holes 13 of the dowels 18. The latter are brought into the joint zone through the through grooves 19, which are carried out in the shell behind the I-beam frames (tee) profile.

Кольцо 6, расположенное слева от стыка (фиг. 2), стягивается· шпангоутом 5 и кольцом 7 посредством болтов 20, устанавливаемых со стороны стыка в продольные отверстия, выполненные за кольцевой канавкой 21.The ring 6, located to the left of the joint (Fig. 2), is pulled together by a frame 5 and ring 7 by means of bolts 20 installed from the side of the joint into the longitudinal holes made behind the annular groove 21.

Затем через боковой паз при снятых вставках 9 заводятся шпонки 10 с резьбовыми отверстияМи, а в них, при сопряжении торцов секций, заводятся шпильки 18, которые затягиваются элементами 22 и 23, создающими предварительный натяг в стыке.Then, dowels 10 with threaded holes Mi are inserted through the lateral groove when the inserts 9 are removed, and studs 18 are inserted into them, when the ends of the sections are mated, which are tightened by the elements 22 and 23, which create a preload in the joint.

После поджатия стыка через пазы 8 (фиг. 1, сечение А—А) в кольцевые пазы заводят шпонки 11, которые совместно со шпонками 10 образуют разрезное кольцо с кольцевыми хвостовиками, скрепляющими стыки смежных секций.After pressing the joint through the grooves 8 (Fig. 1, section A — A), the keys 11 are inserted into the ring grooves, which together with the keys 10 form a split ring with ring shanks fastening the joints of adjacent sections.

В случае необходимости зазоры между кольцевыми канавками в кольцах 6 и шпонками 10 и 11 заполняются клеевой массой 24, после отверждения которой образуется неразъемное соединение двух труб-оболочек, равнопрочное с другими их сечениями.If necessary, the gaps between the annular grooves in the rings 6 and the dowels 10 and 11 are filled with an adhesive mass 24, after curing of which an inseparable connection of two pipes-shells is formed, equally strong with their other sections.

Полезность предложенного технического решения заключается в следующем:The usefulness of the proposed technical solution is as follows:

-- улучшается компановка стыковочного узла, уменьшаются его габариты, вес, упрощается процесс его сборки;- the layout of the docking assembly is improved, its dimensions and weight are reduced, the process of its assembly is simplified;

— повышается прочность, жесткость и герметичность стыковочного узла;- increases the strength, rigidity and tightness of the docking station;

— уменьшаются релаксационные напряжения в стыке, так как с использованием предложенной компановки все слои стыкуемых оболочек воспринимают равномерно распределенные нагрузки;- relaxation stresses at the joint are reduced, since using the proposed arrangement all layers of abutting shells perceive uniformly distributed loads;

— уменьшается концентрация напряжений в зоне стыка, так как закладные металлические детали и резьбовые элементы в предложенном соединении отсутствуют.- the stress concentration in the joint zone is reduced, since there are no embedded metal parts and threaded elements in the proposed connection.

Claims

The present invention relates to the production of shell-type building constructions and can be used in various constructional engineering equipment, for example, for joining section-type sheath pipes, water-pressure sections or silo towers, shaft wells, bridge columns and other building structures exposed to axial or bending loads. The known structure of the docking unit of the fiberglass shell with edge parts is C. The end part of the shell pipe is provided with a support catfish in which clamps-sleeves are installed on the side of the power end, fastened with thread and glue to it. The support bearing on the knot from the outside is blocked by stringers having step-by-step transitions in the Support area, and fastened with them, as well as with power layers and fixing sleeves with dowels with supporting sleeves on the side of the external layers set on the thread or perpendicular layer of shell pipe. However, the design of the assembly provides for the presence in the marginal zone of the support band of a large number of both longitudinal and radial intersecting holes for the installation of threaded locking bushings, which weakens its force sections. Strengthening of these zones with an additional amount of reinforcing material leads to an increase in the weight of the structure, its dimensions and the overrun of a relatively expensive composite material. Moreover, a large number of threaded elements under prolonged exposure to axial loads or with a greater tightening of the joint relax together with the composite material, removing the preliminary tightening of the threaded connections and reducing their reliability in operation. The aim of the invention is to improve the reliability of the joint. The goal is achieved by the connection of shells made of composite materials with 37 sector miioHKaMH with expanding shanks and schematic threaded elements installed in the extension shanks, and the ends of metal rings are made with annular grooves in which sector pins are placed. FIG. 1 given the described compound shells, section aa; in fig. 2-3 - docking assembly, sections BB and B-B of FIG. 1. The proposed key and bolted connection is intended for the joining of shells consisting of the inner 1 and outer 2 thin-walled shells and the middle layer of thermal insulation 3 between them. The marginal non-convertible ends of the shells are closed by frames 4, made of a composite, woofer, woven material. When docked, the end-to-end shells are covered with pre-pressed circular spikes with hubs 5, for example, an I-beam and a tee profile, between which metal rings 6 and 7 are placed between the strength and stiffness, compressing the side walls of the frames along the bands. The middle parts of the ends of the mating rings are made with annular widening grooves into which the splines 10 and 11 are circularly displaced relative to the grooves of the keys 10 and 11, which assemble at the junction, forming a closed split ring at the junction with the shanks engaging with grooves of rings 6, located at the ends of 12 abutting shells. In this case, the keys are provided with threaded holes 13, the intended purpose of which is explained in FIG. 2, On the initial step of docking the shells through the grooves 8, only keys with threaded holes are inserted into the grooves of the rings. Along the circular groove in the rings, they are moved, for example, by means of a flexible probe, to technological lateral grooves 14 that are smaller than the lateral grooves 8 in size. The keys 10 have radial non-threaded technological openings 15 for fixing the keys, for example, by means of a conductor in front of the openings 16 and 17, through which the studs 18 are screwed into the threaded holes 13 of the keys. The latter are inserted into the joint zone through non-slotted grooves 19, which are made in the shell for I-frames (T-shaped) about fil. The ring 6, located to the left of the joint (Fig. 2), is tightened by the frame 5 and the ring 7 by means of bolts 20, mounted from the side of the joint into the longitudinal holes formed behind the annular groove 21. Then, through the side groove with the removed inserts 9, the plant ts keys 10 with threaded BEPTCTKHN H, and in them, when mating the ends of the sections, studs 18 are wrung, which are tightened by slants 22 and 23, which create a pre-tensioner g. After pressing the joint through the grooves 8 (Fig. 1, section A-A) into the annular grooves of the plant and the keys 11, which together with the keys 10 form a split ring with ring shanks fastening the joints of the adjacent sections. If necessary, the gaps between the annular grooves in the rings 6 and the keys 10 and 11 are filled with an adhesive mass 24, after curing of which a one-piece connection of the two sheath pipes is formed, equally strong with their other sections. The utility of the proposed technical solution is as follows; - the layout of the docking assembly is improved, its dimensions are reduced, its weight, and the process of its assembly is simplified; - the strength, stiffness and tightness of the docking station increase; -reduced relaxation stress at the junction, since using the proposed arrangement, all layers of joined shells perceive uniformly distorted loads; - The concentration of stresses in the joint zone decreases, since the embedded metal parts and threaded elements in the proposed connection are absent. Claims. The connection of shells made of composite materials, including pre-molded, ring frames placed between the outer and inner shells and crimped with metal rings, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, it is provided with sector pins with expanding shanks and schematic threaded elements installed in expanding shanks, and the ends of the metal rings are made with annular grooves, in which the sector bends are placed.Sources of information taken into account during examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 310085, cl. F 16 L 9/10, 1969 (prototype).

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