SU704903A1 - Adsorbent for purifying water from petroleum products oils and hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an adsorbent material, in particular on a cellular basis, and can be used to clean the surface of water and soil from oil products. A material is known that consists of synthetic resin and inorganic filler to adsorb petroleum, oils, hydrocarbons tl. However, the economics of its use due to the high cost and complexity of preparation makes it difficult to incorporate it into the practice of sorption processes. It is also known to use and as a peat adsorbing material having a moisture content of less than 10% C2j. However, due to its low sorption capacity, the chromaticity of the aqueous phase when it comes into contact with water, the loss of sorption properties during storage, it is widely used to extract oil, oils, hydrocarbons from wastewater ... By its technical essence and the result An adsorbent material is close, with a finely ground cellulosic substance that is modified, modified with organic isocyanate, a high molecular weight fatty acid, a complex of high molecular weight fatty acid and basic chlorine. ide forkondensatrm melamine or chromium containing residue Vysokomol: okul molecular weight fatty acid in an amount of 5% in weight of the material C. The disadvantage of this material is that there is not enough (5THLY the high sorption capacity for oils, as well as the high cost of the material and the complexity of its preparation, since the processes are carried out in an organic medium and at elevated temperatures. In addition, the isocyanates used to modify the cellulosic substance are highly toxic and cause yellow respiratory diseases. The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a cheap adsorbent which provides a high degree of purification of waste water from the petroleum product. Ktov, oils, hydrocarbons. The goal is achieved with an adaptable adsorbent containing 9599, 95 wt. % cellulose-containing material and O, 05-5.0 weight. % amine-containing modifier. A distinctive feature of the adsorbent is YPaSpOLSHIyo as a cellulose peat peel substance, and as a modifier - aliphatic amines salts with an organic chain length Cj-C (j and the ratio of ingredients.. Peat is a multicomponent natural formation, which has organic compounds in its composition. it contains hyphaeophilic substances (water-soluble and easy-to-be-roller,;, humates, cellulose, etc.), hydrophobic compounds (bitumens, waxes), mineral inclusions. Purely using peat as The sorbent is caused by the fact that it is cheap, generally acted and available in sufficient quantities. Acidic acid and acetic acid salts. Aliphatic amines having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in a linear chain, from: wear To cationic surface-active Hbih substances. In an aqueous solution of an amine salt with peat, as a result of organic-caternaamine ion-exchange sorption, there is a change in the initial hygroscopic ni eliiiSiScT hydrophobic (oleophilisation no & jJTKosti), which contributes to the cleansing of Ш; Tensificacia selective sorption of the nef teprodztov material obtained. Adsorbent Prepare in the following way. Peat is placed in a vessel, and an aqueous solution of the amine salt is also fed there. The mixture is agitated and kept at a temperature of 20-9 ° C (depending on the chain of amine) for 3-5 hours, first-six DICs shake. The filtrate is then separated, and the modified peat is dried. Depending on the ratio: the amount of peat and the amount of the amine salt g-eq, the content of amine (in ionic form) can vary within 0.05-5.0% (in terms of salt) of the weight of the modified peat. - - - For example, in the case of the modification of peat peat with hydrochloric octadecylamine, weighing peat 2OO g (moisture content 10%) was in contact with 1 l 0, OZ M solution C, jHyNHjCe at 80 ° C for 3 h. The amine content in peat was 0, 56%. To determine the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent, 1 g of modified peat, a fraction of 0.5-3, O mm was brought into contact with 25 ml of aqueous oil emulsions. The oil content was 1.32 g / l. The mixture was agitated for 3 min., The solution was separated by 6 tons of peat phase and analyzed. The results of the analysis are given in table. I,,: ..., ,, .., „.. :: ..- .:.,. , / Determination of the sorption capacity of the adsorbent in, the ratio of oil was performed to form a cysed. 100 ml WATER was poured into a 250 ml chemical standard with a capacity of 2 ml of M10V2 motor oil (TU38101 2S7-72). Small portions were taken from the total weight of the adsorbent material, scattered on the surface of polluted water, periodically stirring the contents of the glass with a glass rod until all the oil was bound by the adsorbent material, and accumulations of oil and peat could be removed from the surface of the water. with a stick. By weighing, the amount of spent was determined. tilled peat, and, on this basis, calculate the amount of oil absorbed by 1 g of the absorbent material. In tab. 2 shows the data of the sorption capacity of the modified blend to oil. In tab. Figure 3 shows the data on the sorption capacity of the modified cellulose with respect to the automobile description Proprietary MU oil, totype. . As can be seen from the data of tables 2 and 3, the amount of raw oil fluctuates L-. --..- .-- - .-- s for a known adsorbent material in the range of 4-20 (g / g), for the proposed - 13 - 23.5 (g / g). Thus, the proposed adsorbent allows to provide a high degree of purification of water from oil, does not give a solution with long-term contact with water; possesses good buoyancy, does not lose its sorbnionic properties In relation to petroleum products when it is stored in the air and even When it is considerably wetted.

Table 1

Peat 8

Peat + q.H2gNHj 8 Peat q2H25NHj - Peat - Peat - Adsorbirukadiy material

% NH NH | CNH NHj

 Hj ml

CisHj / NH3 qj Hj7 NH

 NHj

 NH | CjHjy NH3

61.7

1.32

0.506 0.393

70.2

74.6 0.335

83,8 0,214

about; o24

98.2

0.041

96.9

1.32 0.030

97.7

0.027

97.9 0.040

96.9

98.5 0.020

Table 2

Amount of

in oil, g / g

10.0

13.0

13.5

15.5

23.5

23.0

22.5

15.0

18.0

An adsorbent for the purification of water from petroleum products, oils and hydrocarbons, including cellulose-containing material and an amino-containing modifier, is one that, in order to gain sorption capacity, it contains peat, as a cellulose-containing material, and as an amine-containing modifier, salts of aliphatic amines with an organic chain length in the following ratio of components, wt. %

Sources of information taken into account in the examination

1. US patent number 3862963, CL. 252-428, 1975.

2. US patent N ° 3791990, cl. 252-427, 1974.

3. For France of France No. 2252297, cl. C 02 B 9 / O2, published 07.25.75 (prototype).