SU670609A1 - Method of purifying seed and mineral oils or bromoform - Google Patents

Description

one

This invention relates to a process for the purification of vegetable mineral oils or bromoform.

Vegetable and mineral oils are widely used in engineering, transportation, etc.

These oils, during their use, are contaminated with iron compounds, in particular iron oxides, as well as mechanical impurities and water. Bromoform, used as a solvent and as an intermediate in the main organic synthesis industry, is also contaminated with iron oxides, mechanical impurities and water during storage.

The known method of purification of vegetable and mineral oils and other products by means of passage through the layer of adsorbent - bleaching earth 1.

However, it is bleached, and the earth does not have sufficiently high mechanical properties (strength and resistance to abrasion), which leads to frequent replacement of the adsorbent, clogging of filters and generally complicates the process.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the process technology and improve environmental protection.

This goal is achieved by the described method of purification of vegetable, mineral oils or bromoform by passing ash through the layer of adsorbent — the burning of combustible shale.

Distinctive features of the method are the use of ash from the burning of oil shale as an adsorbent.

The ash from the burning of oil shale is a light gray powder and has a whole range of properties,

which distinguish it from other sorbents of mineral origin, namely: it is obtained in finished form after burning oil shale, usually in power plants, has a specific surface area

1800-2200 stub requires preliminary preparation; ash particles with a size of 0.05-0.5 mm represent an expanded mass penetrated by pores, which significantly increases its sorption

ability; In the chemical composition, there are compounds such as free calcium oxide, silicon dioxide and sodium and potassium salts, etc.

In tab. 1 shows this chemical composition.

There are minerals in the mineralogical composition of the ash, which gives it a greater absorption capacity - this is tobermoRIT and ettringite. Ettringite is capable of

Table 1

in contact with water, add 31 times more water than its mass.

Ash has the following indicators:

Bulk bulk density

Voidness,% 69.2

Specific weight, 52

Volume, micropores 0,142; transitional - 0.888;

Maximum sorbed volume1.03

Specific surface, cm / g 1800-2200

Amorphous silicic acid 14%, pH 7.6.

Ash is characterized by high strength and abrasion resistance.

In addition, the use of combustible shale ash makes it possible to reduce the results.

to sew waste rock dumps, remaining, burning after shale at power plants, and thereby contributing to environmental protection.

The results of purification of bromoform, vegetable and mineral oils after passing them through a layer of ash from the combustion of combustible shale are presented in Table. 2

Example. Purification of vegetable, mineral oils and bromoform, taken in an amount of 200 g, is carried out by passing ash from the burning of oil shale with a thickness of 8-10 cm through the layer. Ash is poured into

funnel. Samples of castor oil, transformer and bromoform filtered through a layer of ash. The test results are shown in Table. 2

Table 2 of purification of bromoform, vegetable and mineral oils after passing them through a layer of ash from the combustion of combustible shale