SU704578A1

SU704578A1 - Method of reclaiming salty soils

Info

Publication number: SU704578A1
Application number: SU782575014A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Владимир Иванович Карпенко; Владимир Иосифович Волочаев; Галина Пантелеевна Токарева
Priority date: 1978-02-01
Filing date: 1978-02-01
Publication date: 1979-12-25

Description

(54) СПОСОБ МЕЛИОРАЦИИ СОЛОНЦОНЫх ПОЧВ(54) METHOD FOR CALIBRATION OF SALTED SOILS

1 .one .

Изобретение относитс к способам улучшени физических свойств почвы и монет быть исполь.зовано а сельском хоз йстве.This invention relates to methods for improving the physical properties of soil and coins to be used in agriculture.

Известен способ мелиорации солонцовых почв посредством промывок 1.The known method of reclamation of alkaline soils through leaching 1.

Известен также способ мелиорации солонцовых почв посредством пропускани электрического тока (электромелиораци ) f 2 .There is also known a method of reclaiming sodic soils by passing an electric current (electromelioration) f 2.

Однако осуществление этих способов св зано со строительством капитальных сооружений коллекторно-доенажной сети, большим расходом воды и электроэнергии.However, the implementation of these methods is associated with the construction of capital structures of the collector-toenazh network, high consumption of water and electricity.

Наиболее близким по технической сущности к предлагаемому изобретению вл етс способ, включакщий введение мелиоранта и механическую обработку почвы, при котором на поверхность почвы ланос т гипс, запахивают его и затем механически перемешивают с почвой под слоем воды которую после отсто в течение двух-трех суток сбрасывают 3J,The closest to the technical essence of the present invention is a method including the introduction of ameliorant and mechanical tillage, in which a gypsum is laid on the soil surface of the gypsum, and then it is mechanically mixed with the soil under a layer of water that is shed 3J,

Нёдостатки этого способа - использование дорогосто щего сыпучего мелиоранта , большой расход воды, плоха растворимость гипса в воде. The disadvantages of this method are the use of an expensive loose improver, high water consumption, poor solubility of gypsum in water.

Целью изобретени вл етс снижение трудоемкости на рассоление почвы . ,..---.Это дости17аётс тем что в качестве мелиоранта используют сжиженный углекислый газ, который ввод т в почву под давлением на глубину залегани солонцового горизонта.The aim of the invention is to reduce the complexity of soil desalinization. ..---. This is achieved by using liquefied carbon dioxide as improver, which is introduced into the soil under pressure to the depth of the solonetz horizon.

Сжиженный углекислый газ ьвод т Liquefied carbon dioxide

0 в разрыхленную почву. При этом углекислый газ, расствор сь в почвенной влаге, образует углекислоту, котора , вступа , во взаимодействие с нёрастворимклми карвонатами кальци почвы, пе5 реводит ИХ в растворимую форму - бикарбонат кальци . Последний вступает в обк енную реакцию с натрием почвенно-поглсщамцего комплекса (ПИК). Процесс происходит следующим образом: 0 in loosened soil. At the same time, carbon dioxide, dissolved in soil moisture, forms carbon dioxide, which, reacting with insoluble soil calcium carvonates, converts the CI into a soluble form — calcium bicarbonate. The latter enters the ground reaction with the sodium of the soil absorbent complex (PIC). The process is as follows:

0 СО г Н2О- НгСОзН2СО,СаСОз+Са(НОО„ ) . (нес, Ijj га1К|2 2ЫаНСОд .0 CO g H2O-NgSOzN2SO, CAS0 + Ca (HOO „). (carried, Ijj ha1K | 2 2 2аНСаО.

Claims

Liquefied carbon dioxide is injected into the soil — to the depth of the solon horizon under pressure, preferably 1 atm, which contributes to its better penetration into the CPD. At the same time, the introduction of carbon dioxide into the CPD promotes an increase in the solubility of gypsum. Carbon dioxide can be introduced into the vessel by means of a known device. The drawing is a diagram explaining the essence of the method. The lia diagram shows a loosening working organ 1, a tube 2 for supplying carbon dioxide with an aperture 3. During the movement of the working organ, loosening, grinding and mixing of the solonets and part of the subsalt horizon occurs. Liquefied carbon dioxide is supplied through attached at the rear, ripper tubes under a pressure of 1 atm to the depth of the alkaline level, and this results in an improvement in the agro-physical properties of the alkaline. Empirically established that. each improved hectare of solonetz yields a yield increase of 2-2.5 centners of grain and green mass of corn - 25-30 centners. The calculation results show that the use of liquefied carbon dioxide in the reclamation of sodic soils would allow us to obtain an economic efficiency over an area of 6 million hectares in the North Caucasus region over 100 million rubles. Thus, the proposed method helps to accelerate the process of disintegration and reduce costs Humus horizon Solontsovy horizon. Carbonate topU3om about with. About the treatment of alkaline soils, it is simple and versatile. Claims 1. Method of reclamation of sodic soils, including the introduction of ameliorants and mechanical tillage, which is characterized by the fact that liquefied carbon dioxide is used as an ameliorant to reduce labor intensity. 2. The method according to claim 1 is also distinguished by the fact that carbon dioxide is introduced into the soil under pressure. 3. The method according to claim 1, in which the carbon dioxide is introduced into the soil to the depth of the alkaline horizon. Sources of information taken into consideration during the examination 1.-USSR author's certificate No. 329884, cl. A 01 C 25/00, 1970.

2. USSR author's certificate 409687, cl. A 01 C 25/00, 1973.

3. Authors certificate of the USSR 414966, cl. And 01 N 7/00, 1972 (prototype). Ltd