SU691312A1 - Worm extruder - Google Patents

Description

(54) WARM EXTRUDER

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular, to coiling of forming devices using metol extrusion, intended for the manufacture of products from plastics and carbon press materials and can be used in chemical engineering. ..

A worm extruder is known, which co-holds a housing with a feed funnel, a worm is placed inside the housing, heaters and a thrust bearing C1.

The disadvantage of the extruder is that it is harder than the forces acting on the screw to and the thrust bearing.

A screw extruder is known, comprising a casing with a feed hopper driven worm c, forming a working volume with KjppnycoM and made through a longitudinal through channel for the passage of material, a matrix with a t-forming channel, a thrust bearing 2,

Such an extruder is closest to the invention in its technical essence and the achieved result.

The disadvantage of the extruder is the fragility of the work due to the large forces acting on the resistant

bearing.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability and durability of the extruder operation by reducing the forces exerted on the screw end of the screw.

The goal is achieved by

that the body is equipped with a plug installed at its end, and the forming channel is formed by a through longitudinal cavity in the screw that communicates with the working volume of the body in the area of the plug.

In this case, the forming channel expands towards the outlet opening, and the outlet and entrance opening of the forming channel are located along the axis of the screw on its ends.

Figure 1 shows the device, a general view; Fig. 2 shows a screw-hole k with inlets of the forming channel. The screw extruder comprises a housing 1 with a feed funnel 2, a drive screw to 3, which forms a working volume with the housing and is made with a longitudinal through channel 4 for production of material, a matrix 5 with a forming channel 6, a thrust bearing 7,

a plug 8 mounted on the end of the housing 1. The screw is driven by the actuator 9.

The extruder body is equipped with electric heaters 10 and refrigerators 11. The extruder can be equipped with a calibrating external washer 12 through which the molded product is moved.

The inlet 13 of the forming channel b is located either on the end portion of the surface of the screw, or on the side portion of its surface, or on. both surfaces simultaneously.

The initial press material in the form of pellets or a bit loaded into the feed funnel 2 is caught by the screw 3 and moves inside the cylindrical body 1 in the direction of the plug 8, where it is compressed, changes the direction of movement and through the opening 13 enters the cavity of the forming channel b. The length of the forming channel b is chosen sufficient to create the necessary resistance to the extruded mass and to balance the forces acting through the worm to 3 on the thrust bearing 7. Additional plasticization of the material being processed is provided by switching on the electric heaters 10. and cooling the housing 1 and the thrust bearing 7 by passing a refrigerant agent, for example water, through the refrigerator 11, Random deviations of the shape of the circular section product can be corrected with a calibrating washer 12 fixedly mounted on the housing,

The change in the direction of movement of the material being processed, due to the design of the extruder, increases the amount of shear force that occurs in the material being processed, which means its homogeneity before the molding and the quality of the product after the molding. Due to the heating of the processed material from external electric heaters 10 and internal friction, it has a maximum temperature and optimum plastic characteristics in the zone of the plug 8. As you move to the outlet and at the time of entry into the forming channel 6, the material being processed undergoes additional compaction and movement by twisting possible laminar flows, which is achieved;

rotation of the funding channel b along with the screw 3,

Cooling of the molded product begins in the cavity of a constant section of the channel of the forming channel 6 and continues in the cavity of the expanding section of the forming channel 6, where the material being processed - the molded product leaves the mesh from the cavity. During the cooling process, the molded product transfers its heat through the screw to the 3 source material moving in the direction of the plug 8. The molded product can be received by a rotating receiver (not shown) or cut off the knife.

The screw extruder allows to increase the reliability and durability of work by reducing the forces that are acting on the thrust bearing of the screw.

 the invention

Claims (3)

1. Screw extruder, containing No. 1 housing with feed funnel, drive screw to, forming a working volume with the shell and made with an extension through the channel for the passage of material, a matrix with a forming channel and thrust bearing that, in order to increase the reliability and durability of the extruder work by reducing the forces acting on the thrust bearing of the screw, the housing is provided with a plug installed on its end face, and the forming channel is formed through a longitudinal cavity in the screw that communicates with the worker volume of the housing in the area of the stub. 2. A worm extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that the forming channel expands to the sides of the outlet orifice. 3. The screw extruder according to claim 1-2, about t l. and that with the fact that the output and the inlet of the forming channel are located along the axis of the screw on its ends. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Fisher E, Extrusion (Plastic Chemistry, M., 1970, pp. 22-25. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 431024, cl. B 29 F 3/03, 1972 (prbtotip). 15 IG