SU689731A1 - Liquid-purifying filter - Google Patents

Description

154) FILTER FOR CLEANING LIQUID

The invention relates to the petrochemical industry and can be used in all sectors of the national economy as a process equipment for cleaning liquids, such as aviation fuel, from contaminants. and water at civil aviation airports and on aircraft.

Filters for cleaning liquids with porous partitions are known. For example, in civil aviation, FM-2M, TF-10, CT-500-2 type fine filters are used to clean aviation fuel. The disadvantages of these filters are relatively fast clogging of filter elements, which entails their frequent replacement and insufficient degree of purification 1.

A filter for cleaning fluid is known, which includes a cylindrical body with a rod aligned with it and radial electrodes of opposite polarity 2.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the cleaning fluid.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the casing and the rod are equipped with metal spiral pipelines for the refrigerant, the rod is equipped with hollow blades mounted at the ends of the rod at an angle of 7 ... 10 relative to the longitudinal axis of the casing, the lead and the outlet to the pipeline are the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the rod are made with spiral grooves offset from each other by half the spiral pitch, and the radial electrodes are set at an angle of 7 ... 10 relative to Flax housing axis.

five

Figure 1 shows the proposed device; figure 2 - section aa of figure 1; on fig.Z - type B of figure 1; figure 4 is a view in fig.Z.

The fluid cleaning filter contains a housing consisting of a central part 1, a diffuser 2 and a confuser 3, inside of which a rod 5 is fixed on the blade x 4.

The number of blades 4 can be

5 any, but not less than three on each side of the rod 5.

In the groove 6 of the rod 5 mounted metal, spiral spiral pipe, 7. At the ends of the rod 5 is fixed

0 fairings 8, providing a reduction in hydraulic losses. Inside the blades 4 and the fairings 8, pipelines 9 pass through for the supply and removal of refrigerant. A metal spiral pipe 11 is inserted into the groove 10 of the central part 1, inside which the black hole 12 is supplied and coolant is drained. The pipeline 11 is located with a displacement of half a step relative to the pipeline 7. The location of the pipelines 7 and 11 in the grooves 6 and 10 helps to reduce hydraulic losses. To increase the efficiency of cooling the entire volume of fluid flow, the radial electrodes 13 are installed at an angle of 7 ... 10 relative to the longitudinal axis of the housing (see Fig. 3) -, and to increase the strength of the electric field, the radial electrodes 13 have a pointed shape (see Fig. 4 The working position of the filter is horizontal. To drain contaminated condensate from the filter during defrosting, it has a drain hole 14. To reduce heat loss, the filter case is insulated, for example, with a rubber sponge (not shown). It is made of a dielectric material. The electrodes 13 with the pipes 7 and 11 during the operation of the filter are connected to the power supply alternately to a high voltage during the duty cycle and to a low voltage during defrosting. The filter is operated while simultaneously supplying the treated liquid, such as aviation fuel, refrigerant, e.g. liquid nitrogen (boiling point -196 ° C), and high voltage electricity (on the order of 30 kV). An electric field occurs between the electrodes in which electrostatic forces appear. As a result of the helical, turbulent flow of a liquid, at a speed of up to 1.5 ... 2, O m / s, it intensively contacts the fins of the electrodes and cools the liquid to a temperature close to the freezing temperature and destruction of the emulsion. As a result of exposure to an electric field and cooling, moisture drops turn into crystals, which coagulate between themselves and with soil particles, and rush to the electrodes on which they are deposited, forming a solid cooled precipitate. Offsetting m pipelines by half the pitch of the helix provides the best conditions for the directional motion of polarized particles along the resultant vector of fluid flow and electric field. Intensification of heat transfer is achieved through the use of metal spiral pipelines with radial electrodes as a cooling element, which makes it possible to increase heat transfer by 15-25% with relatively small energy consumption. The reduction of hydraulic losses is achieved by the absence of special filter elements / the role of which is performed by electrodes on which impurities are deposited. The length of the filter housing, the flow rate and the flow rate are calculated so that the liquid, such as jet fuel, is cooled to a temperature close to the freezing point (-60 ° C). With a turbulent helical flow of fluid, its purification will occur under the condition that the average particle velocity varies slightly in cross section, the effect of viscosity decreases, and the strength of the electric field is constant throughout the entire volume of fluid flow. To ensure continuity of the fluid cleaning process, the installation of a group of filters may be recommended. The filter is safe for service personnel, as the electrodes are placed inside an insulated case. The use of the proposed filter due to a combination of thermodynamic and electrical effects will allow to increase the cleaning efficiency of the liquid from contamination, improve the quality of cleaning and achieve O and liquid purity classes in accordance with GOST 17216-71 Industrial purity. Fluid cleanliness classes. In addition, it should be noted that the use of the proposed device minimizes the accumulation of static electricity in the fuel, which is observed in currently used fine filters and the use of the proposed device will increase the reliability and safety of aircraft operations, will provide significant economic effect. So, for example, in the presence of talc in the MGA system of the USSR airports of 1-1 classes, i.e. where airplanes are refueled (at least 450), the number of fine filters installed on them is in average} when installed in the same warehouse

Fuels and lubricants aaportopxa b .... 8 filters of type T 1 -2M 2700-3600 units. The fine filter TF-2M is equipped with a fabric cover TF4 worth 16 rubles. Service life up to 4 days | or TFB filter packages worth 16 rubles, term. services up to 20 ... 30 days. At the end of their life, these elements cannot be restored.

Thus, the expected effect when calculating the sum of all fuel and lubricant warehouses at HA airports is approximately on average:

365

X 225 +

(6-8) -25

X 225 1.42 - 1.9 million rubles.

For the calculation, 50% of TF-2M type filters with a TF4 case and 50% with a TFA filter package are received.

With the development of a transport communication system using civil aviation, the number of airports will increase in the coming years. It is also necessary to take into account the possibility of using the proposed invention in other branches of the national economy and, first of all, in the Air Force of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Taking into account the above, the total economic effect will increase by 2-3 times.

Claims (5)

Invention Formula I, fluid filter, including cylindrical housing with a rod located coaxially with it, and oppressive polarity electrodes, characterized in that, in order to increase the cleaning efficiency, the housing and the rod are provided with metal spiral pipes for the refrigerant. 2. Filter POP.1, which is distinguished by the fact that the rod is equipped with hollow blades mounted at the ends of the rod at an angle of 7 °. .. 10 ° relative to the longitudinal axis of the housing. 3. Filter POPP.1 and 2, characterized in that the supply and 15 outlet to the pipeline rod located in hollow blades x. 4. Filter POP.1, distinguished by the fact that the inner surface of the body and the outer surface of the rod are made with spiral grooves, is shifted relative to each other by half the pitch of the spiral-and. 5. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial electrodes are set at an angle of 7 °, .10 relative to the longitudinal axis of the housing. 1.GSH: T 17216-71 Industrial purity. Classes of cleanliness. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 244297, cl. B 01 D 35/06, 23.02.68.