SU672222A1

SU672222A1 - Method of obtaining sodium chlorineoxygen salt

Info

Publication number: SU672222A1
Application number: SU742003668A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Рафаэль Ильич Агладзе; Георгий Рафаэлович Агладзе; Эрик Арамович Мануков; Валентина Михайловна Квеселава
Original assignee: Институт Неорганической Химии И Электрохимии Ан Грузинской Сср
Priority date: 1974-03-12
Filing date: 1974-03-12
Publication date: 1979-07-05

Description

Изобретение относитс к электрохимическим производствам, к получению хлоркислородной СОЛИ натри путем электролиза.The invention relates to the electrochemical industry, to the production of sodium oxychloride by electrolysis.

Известен способ получени хлоркислородной СОЛИ натри путем электролиза раствора хлорида натри концентрацией 40- 50 г/Л ПЛОТНОСТИ тока 16000-20000 А/м в электролизере с бипол рной засыпкойСППо данному способу получают гипохлорит натри , однако при определенном времени электролиза может возникнуть и хлорат натри .A method is known for producing sodium chlorine oxygen SALT by electrolysis of a sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 40-50 g / L of a current density of 16000-20000 A / m in a bipolar cell electrolyzer with sodium hypochlorite, but with a certain electrolysis time sodium chlorate may also occur.

Недостатком указанного способа вл етс повышенный расход электроэнергии, обуславливаемый высокой ПЛОТНОСТЬЮ тока.The disadvantage of this method is increased power consumption due to high current DENSITY.

Цель изобретени - снижение расхода электроэнергии.The purpose of the invention is to reduce power consumption.

С этой целью предложен способ получени хлоркислородной СОЛИ раствора хлорида натри в электролизере с бипол рной засыпкой , концентраци хлорида натри 250- 300 г/Л, электролиз ведут при плотности тока 10-100 А/дм2.For this purpose, a method has been proposed for obtaining chlorine oxygen SALT of a solution of sodium chloride in a bipolarized cell, a concentration of sodium chloride of 250-300 g / L, electrolysis is carried out at a current density of 10-100 A / dm2.

Электролиз ведут в электролизере с бипол рным насыпным электродом из кусков электропровод щего нерастворимого материала при 35-120°С и плотности тока 10- 100 А/дм в сечении электролизера в зависимости от размера и материала кусков. Материалом ДЛЯ электродов могут служить, например, графит, магнетит, платина, платинированный титан, двуокись свинца, двуокись марганца и др. Напр жение на электролизере зависит от размера кусков, т.е. на каждом из них должны образовыватьс катодные и анодные участки. Непосредственное прилегание катодного и анодного участков соседних кусков обеспечивает наилучшее перемешивание образованных на них продуктов, что обуславливает увеличение выхода гипохлорита и хлората. Плотность тока в сечении электролизера следует подобрать , учитыва неравномерность упаковки кусков разной конфигурации и разных размеров , в пределах 10-100 А/дм 2.The electrolysis is carried out in a cell with a bipolar bulk electrode of pieces of electrically conductive insoluble material at 35-120 ° C and a current density of 10-100 A / dm in the cross section of the electrolyzer, depending on the size and material of the pieces. The material for the electrodes can be, for example, graphite, magnetite, platinum, platinized titanium, lead dioxide, manganese dioxide, etc. The voltage on the electrolyzer depends on the size of the pieces, i.e. cathode and anode sections should be formed on each of them. The immediate adherence of the cathode and anode sections of adjacent pieces provides the best mixing of the products formed on them, which causes an increase in the yield of hypochlorite and chlorate. The current density in the cross section of the electrolyzer should be selected, taking into account the unevenness of the packaging of pieces of different configurations and different sizes, within 10-100 A / dm 2.

Предлагаемый способ опробован в лабораторных услови х.The proposed method was tested in laboratory conditions.

Claims

Electrochemical chlorates are obtained through the required intermediate products, hypochlorite and hypochlorous acid, which are formed as a result of the mixing of anodic (chlorine) and cathodic (hydroxide) products. Oxidation of hypochlorite occurs both electrochemically and chemically. With the chemical formation of chlorates, the output reaches, whereas during the electrochemical reaction, the current efficiency is only 66.7%. One of the main factors forcing the reaction to occur by a chemical mechanism is an increase in temperature. The deterioration of the process with an increase in the electrolyte temperature (above 40 ° - on graphite, 70 ° - magnetite, 80 ° - on peroxide-lead electrodes) is caused by their wear. The voltage on the cell is directly dependent on the number of layers loaded. With an increase in the height of the backfill due to an increase in the number of layers, the increase in voltage on the electrolyzer can be explained by the fact that the layers work as successively connected electrolytic cells, each with its own positive and negative electrodes. For example, upon receipt of sodium chlorate using a 40 cm high graphite bulk layer (16 layers) with an electric power consumption per production unit of 6.5 kWh, the current output was 1470 / o. Taking into account the total number of cell layers, it is possible to calculate the yield of one layer (92%). It can be seen from the above that the advantage of this method is the possibility of increasing the quantity of the product obtained in one unit with a constant specific energy consumption due to an increase in the height of the bulk layer. Example. An electrolyte of composition 270 g / l NaiCrzOr with the addition of 5 g / l is poured into the electrolyzer with a section of 25 cm and a height of 30 cm. As insoluble electrodes, pieces of graphite placed between graphite rods and current leads are used. The current is 10 A, the voltage is 25 V, the temperature is 35-45 °, while the power consumption is 6.5 kWh / kg. Thus, the proposed method, due to a decrease in current density, allows to obtain chlorates with low power consumption. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A method for producing an oxychloride salt of sodium by electrolyzing a sodium chloride solution in a bipolarized cell, characterized in that, in order to reduce power consumption, a solution of sodium chloride with a concentration of 250-300 g / l is applied for electrolysis current 10-100 A / dm

2. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Application No. 1998313 / 23-26, cl. C 25 B 1/34, 07.02.74, according to which a decision was made to issue an author's certificate.