SU657835A1 - Ion-exchange column - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to chemical engineering, namely, to ion-exchange columns for the extraction of various elements from solutions during hydrometallurgical processes.

A known ion-exchange column, comprising a housing with a conical bottom, a sorbent feed hopper, a locking sorbent cone-distributor, drainage in the form of grids with a filtering material from a mixture of solid portions, eggs and elastic material, a device for introducing the solution and nozzles for sorbent withdrawal.

However, at high flow rates of the solution, the elastic material is compressed and dramatically reduces the drainage capacity, which reduces the efficiency of the process.

The presence of grids, between which the filter is placed; the material is organic, it mobilizes its mobility, and when clogged, a filter material is required.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process, reduce operating costs, ensure self-cleaning of the filter material and create a uniform distribution of the solution flow.

For this purpose, the drainage is made in the form of an annular chamber and an annular partition installed coaxially to it, the lower part of which does not reach the bottom of the chamber and the upper part is connected to the locking cone.

In order to evenly distribute the flows, the device for injecting the solutions is made in the form of a chamber with tangential peaks and installed on the conical bottom of the column.

As a filtering material, a granular material with a size and specific gravity of grains larger than that of sorbent grains is used.

FIG. 1 shows an ion exchange column, general view; in fig. 2 shows a section along A-A of FIG. one.

Claims (3)

The ion exchange column contains a housing I with a conical bottom 2, a device for introducing solutions in the form of chamber 3, an outlet 4 for withdrawing a solution, an outlet 5 for withdrawing sorbent, a sorbent feed hopper 6, a locking cone 7 of the sorbent, an annular 36 chamber 8 filtering material 9 and an annular partition 10, the upper part of which is co-dinene with a locking cone; - an ion exchanger (sorbent) distributor. The ion exchange column operates as follows. The housing 1 of the ion exchange column is loaded with a sorbent through the sorbent feed hopper, then a solution is pumped through the device 3, which, passing through the tangential slots, enters the conical bottom 2 of the column housing, evenly distributed over the entire cross section of the column. The sorbent rises with a stream of solution and presses in the column above the locking cone - the dispenser 7 of the sorbent, and below with the pressure of the incoming solution. The solution, which is uniformly filtered through the column of sorbent in the column, enters the annular chamber 8 and drains through the filter material 9 (for example, stainless steel shot), discharged through pipe 4 from the column. Since the flow rate for the removal of stainless steel shot is high (150–200 m / h), and the ion exchange process in the columns is carried out at a flow rate of 50–100 m / h, the fraction is not removed from the drainage. Thus, by varying the pressure on the filter shot during the operation of the ion exchange column, it is possible to shift the column and thereby to perform self-cleaning. When a certain rib sorbent capacity reaches the useful component, the supply of solution to the housing 1 is stopped, the locking device opens (not shown in the drawing), the solution sorbent is lowered and unloaded from the column through the nozzle 5. At the same time, the sorbent comes from the loading bun. 6 the action of its own weight into the locking dispenser of the sorbent 7 and fills the space freed at the top of the column. When the sorbent and the solution settle down during unloading, the solution is removed from the casing of the annular chamber 8 and backwash the sorbent grains stuck in the boundary layer. . In the same order, the operation cycle of the ion-exchange column is repeated. Offered column. ensures failure to use expensive stainless steel meshes, their repair and replacement; self-draining of drainage due to the mobility of the granular filtering material when the solution flow rate changes, as well as the npii reverse course of the solution when the sorbent is unloaded; durability of the granular filter material. In addition, during an emergency overpressure in the column, the granulation material has the ability to move in the drainage, up to the removal, eliminating the rupture of the column, and entering the solution through the tangential slots creates a uniform solution flow in the column. The proposed ion exchange column with a diameter of 35 mm and a height of 1200 mm was tested at the factory in laboratory conditions. Lead shot with a diameter of 2 mm and a layer height of 20 mm was used as a granular material. The grain size of the sorbent is 0.61 mm. In the model, only tests for the rate of passage of the liquid through the sorbent layer and the granular material were carried out. As a result of the experiment, it was established that the linear velocity is 150–200, and the loss of pressure in the solution occurs in the sorbent layer, the resistance of the fraction layer is insignificant; a layer of granular material (lead shot) completely retains the sorbent grains, and the layer of granular filter material does not clog. The pre-ion exchanger column is simple in design and operation as well as economical. Claim 1. An ion exchange column comprising a body with a conical bottom, a loading sorbent, a locking cone, drainage with filtering material, a solution introduction device and nozzles for removing the sorbent and solution, in order to increase the efficiency of the process, reduce operational costs, ensuring self-cleaning of the filtering material and creating an even distribution of flows, the drainage is made in the form of an annular chamber and an annular partition installed coaxially to it, the lower part which does not reach the bottom, and the top is connected to the locking cone. 2. A column according to claim 1, characterized in that the solution introduction device is in the form of a chamber with tangential gaps. 3. Column according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter material is made of a granular material with a size and specific gravity than that of the sorbent grains.   -f. | ±: iij Fig - / 9ig.2