SU65581A1 - Apparatus for gasification of heavy hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Description

The use of fuel in the engines of the internal combustion of kerosene and other heavy liquid combustible materials will release a significant amount of gasoline.

But the preparation of this type of fuel using carburization presents a number of difficulties, since, although some types of fuel, like kerosene, have the ability to heatBQipHOH almost identical to that of gasoline, yet they have a number of physico-chemical characteristics that greatly reduce their quality as a motor fuel. These features include the heterogeneity of the fuel structure, since it is a mixture of paraffinic hydrocarbons, which makes it extremely peculiar. M with respect to detonation; Other negative features are poor evaporation and low auto-ignition temperatures.

The use of these fuels without much structural reworking of the internal combustion engine is achieved by gasifying these fuels before entering the cylinder.

For example, gasification apparatuses for heavy hydrocarbons are known in which the fuel line is introduced into the catalyst and air is passed through the same catalyst to form an air / gas mixture.

The proposed apparatus for gasification of heavy hydrocarbons is also provided with a refractory filler into which the fuel supply pipe is inserted, and a float chamber is used for fuel supply, but differs in that the fuel valve of the float chamber interacts with the diaphragm under the influence of vacuum to regulate the fuel supply. throttle on the suction pipe of the apparatus. In order to preheat the filler, when the apparatus is started inside the body of the latter, a fuel injector is located above the filler and a glow plug.

The drawing shows a General view of the device.

The apparatus consists of a body /, inner lining 2, refractory filler 3, float chamber 4 with diaphragm 5 and valve 7, candles 5, nozzle 9, suction pipe 10 with throttle valve and tube // with evaporator 12.

Work, the apparatus is as follows. When the apparatus is started up, first of all, it is necessary to preheat the filler, for which an ignition plug 8 is turned on in the power grid and the pump 15 is actuated, which through the nozzle 9 injects fuel into the chamber of the housing 1. The sprayed fuel, mixing with the air flow, forms a gas mixture that warms off the spark plug 8.

At the time of heating, the throttle valve is set to completely open the air flow generated by the flame inflames the upper part of the filler to a temperature that provides the start of combustion of the fuel entering through the evaporator 12. The fuel through the nozzle stops burning, the candle turns off and the heat of the refractory material turns off 1 time continues due to the combustion of the main fuel entering through the evaporator 12 with normal: excess air.

After the filler is warming up, the throttle valve returns to the place that determines the reduced air flow into the chamber of the Kornycai to the amount necessary for maintaining the generating process.

Further intake of fuel B is provided to the body chamber — either by forming the difference in the specific weights of its columns in the tube} J when the filler is heated, or by breaking the gas in the gasifier chamber.

The quality of gas quality is automatically adjusted in all modes of operation of the gasifier engine. Initially, the quality of the gas is determined by the appropriate position and securing of the air intake throttle valve. Since the gas is drawn off by the action of: sucking the engine itself, with the same throttle position

the air speeds in the suction pipe 10 will vary according to the mode of the motor. At the same time, the vacuum after the throttle valve will also change, the action of which through tube J3 is transmitted to the diaphragm 5. Lastly, through the lever 6, the valve 7 acts to regulate the flow of fuel to the evaporator 72. Thus, the valve position and, therefore, the quantity passed through the fuels will correspond to the amount of air drawn into it at TCLM or another engine mode, which is necessary to ensure the gas quality.

In the system of action, the regulator can be switched on by means of the correction adjustment. The adjustment of the regulator is made by a corresponding change in the force of its spring with the help of screw M.

The generation process is carried out due to partial heat generation from the fuel subjected to flameless combustion with a small excess of air.

Due to the change in the physicochemical properties of the liquid fuel, when it is converted into generator gas, with partial heat consumption, it becomes possible to increase the compression ratio and eliminate condensate. In addition to reducing fuel consumption, the use of a universal gasifier should give greater savings compared to the cost of repairs and other costs associated with fast wear and tear due to the engine being converted to kerosene by the method of carburation.

Subject invention

1. Gasification apparatus; heavy hydrocarbons, supplied with a refractory filler, into which a fuel supply pipe is inserted, and a float chamber is designed for fuel supply, which is due to the fact that the fuel valve 7 of the float chamber interacts with the diaphragm 5 to regulate the fuel supply

behind the throttle on the suction pipe of the apparatus.

2. Apparatus in. 1, characterized in that for the preheater. The heating of the filler at

the start-up of the apparatus inside the body of the latter, above the filler, is a fuel nozzle 9 and a pilot candle 8.