KR200380588Y1 - Biogas Engine Using Livestock Manure Biogas - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is an engine using a biogas generated from the shaft powder, the biogas generator, a gas storage tank, a primary gasifier, a gas filter, a heating heater, and a biogas supply unit having a secondary vaporizer; A cylinder block having a plurality of cylinders containing a piston, a cylinder head provided with an intake valve and an exhaust valve, an oil pan for storing lubricating oil, a water pump for supplying cooling water to the cylinder block and the cylinder head, and a cylinder head. An installed spark plug, a distributor for supplying high voltage electricity to the spark plug, a mixer for mixing the biogas decompressed in the secondary carburettor with air and supplying it into the cylinder of the cylinder block, and interlocking with the mixer, It characterized in that it comprises a; engine body portion having a governor to make a constant change in torque.

According to the biogas engine of the present invention as described above, the efficient treatment of the shaft can be made, alternative energy utilization technology that can reduce the pollution, such as environmental pollution can be established. In addition, compared to the case of using as a fuel of fossil fuel, such as a diesel engine, it is economical because the fuel cost reduction effect.

Description

Biogas Engine Using Livestock Manure Biogas

The present invention relates to a biogas engine. More specifically, the biogas produced by using biogas generated in the fermentation process instead of fossil fuel as fuel is used for biomass using the biomass fuel which can increase alternative energy utilization efficiency and reduce environmental pollution. Relates to a gas engine.

Currently, one of the most anticipated fuels to replace fossil fuels is biogas. Biogas is promising as an alternative fuel because it is rich in resource reserves, biogas generation technology is established, stable in developmental aspects, relatively easy to handle, and greatly increases the structure of internal combustion engines using fossil fuels. This is because it can be used without modification. For this reason, biogas, along with natural gas, is expected to have a high practical potential in terms of technical and economical practical use in the near future.

Representative biogas is a representative example of biogas, and until recently, many well-known mechanisms for using biogas generated from shaft dust have been developed and gas boilers have been developed. This is because biogas has low calorific value, biogas is not uniformly generated seasonally, and sulfur compounds contained in biogas corrode the device, so the management and utilization value of the device is not universal.

Although it is known that biogas is purified and used for thermally combined power generation by increasing the purity to city gas level, in such a case, the cost of the purification process is very high and it is not economical. The production environment of livestock biogas has been established, and even in the livestock farms which actually use livestock biogas, the above-mentioned reliability problems in use have arisen, and the satisfaction was not high.

On the other hand, as an agricultural engine, the use of the diesel engine which uses light oil as a fuel is common. As is well known, a diesel engine is a structure in which fuel is spontaneously ignited by injecting a fuel at high pressure into hot air compressed in a combustion chamber. Usually, a diesel engine has a plurality of cylinders in which fuel is burned, and a water cooling type is adopted as the cooling method.

Diesel engines are used because they are economical because they use diesel fuel, which is cheaper than gasoline. However, in the case of diesel engines, a large amount of harmful emissions are generated, which causes environmental pollution problems and may cause human injury. Therefore, the development of engines that can use alternative fuel is urgently desired.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a biogas engine using biogas produced in a fermentation process instead of fossil fuel as a fuel to increase the efficiency of alternative energy utilization.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a biogas engine using reduced biogas which can reduce environmental pollution and prevent occurrence of human injury.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a condensation biogas engine using the condensation biogas that can solve the reliability problem by preventing the calorific value of the condensation biogas, seasonal non-uniform occurrence and equipment corrosion.

Biogas engine according to the present invention for achieving the above object,

A biogas generating tank that receives biomass and generates biogas, a gas storage tank connected to the biogas generating tank and storing biogas supplied therefrom, and a primary vaporizer connected to the gas storage tank to vaporize biogas, A gas filter for filtering impurities of the biogas supplied from the primary vaporizer, a heating heater for raising the temperature of the biogas discharged from the gas filter to preheat, and vaporizing the biogas heated by the heating heater under reduced pressure. A biogas supply unit having a secondary gasifier;

A cylinder block in which a plurality of cylinders are formed, each of which receives a piston, a cylinder head coupled to the piston, and a cylinder head installed to drive the camshaft and the intake valve and the exhaust valve which are moved according to the driving of the piston, and the cylinder An oil pan disposed at the bottom of the block to store lubricating oil supplied to the camshaft and the crankshaft, a water pump for supplying cooling water to the cylinder block and the cylinder head, and a spark plug mounted to the cylinder head to generate sparks in the cylinder. And a mixer for supplying high voltage electricity to the spark plug, a mixer for mixing the biogas depressurized in the secondary carburettor with air and supplying the inside of the cylinder, and a constant change in the engine speed and torque in conjunction with the mixer. An engine body portion having a governor;

Characterized in that it comprises a.

In the biogas engine using the axial biogas according to the present invention, the cylinder preferably has a compression ratio of 10: 1. In addition, the primary carburettor is preferably in the form of a pin tube.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a biogas engine using axial biogas according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In describing the embodiments, descriptions of technical contents that are well known in the art to which the present invention pertains and are not directly related to the present invention will be omitted. This is to more clearly without obscure the subject matter of the present invention by omitting unnecessary explanation. For the same reason, some components of the invention in the accompanying drawings are somewhat exaggerated, omitted, or schematically illustrated, and the size of each component does not entirely reflect the actual size.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a biogas engine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial configuration diagram of a biogas supply unit of a biogas engine according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an engine body of a biogas engine according to the present invention. It is a block diagram which showed a part.

1 to 3, the biogas engine 100 according to the present invention, the engine body for generating power using the biogas supply unit 110 and the supplied biogas to generate and supply biogas Has a portion 150. Biogas engine 100 of the present invention is a structure that adopts the structure of a diesel engine in the basic structure, but uses a spark ignition method using a spark plug 165 instead of the compression ignition method of the diesel engine.

In detail, the biogas supply unit 110 receives the biomass generating tank 111 to receive biomass and generates biogas, a biogas storage tank 113 in which the biogas is stored, and a primary gas to vaporize the biogas. A firearm 115, a gas filter 117 for removing impurities contained in gaseous biogas supplied from the biogas storage tank 113, and a solenoid valve 119 operated by an electromagnet to open and close a fuel passage. And, the heating heater 121 for preheating the biogas passed through the gas filter 117, the secondary vaporizer 123 for vaporizing the high-temperature biogas preheated while passing through the heating heater 121 to vaporize, and bio And a mixer 125 that mixes gas and air and supplies the same into the cylinder.

The biogas generator 111 is a cylindrical structure in which the shaft portion is accommodated and sealed, and is usually made of stainless steel. The upper portion of the biogas generating tank 111 is provided with a pressure gauge 131 for measuring and displaying the internal pressure and an on-off valve 132 for supplying the biogas to the gas storage tank 113. The biogas generating tank 111 is sealed in a state in which the condensate is contained, and after a certain period of time, anaerobic fermentation is performed in the absence of oxygen, thereby generating biogas from the condensate. Since the biogas is lighter than air, the biogas is collected at the upper portion of the biogas generating tank 111, and the biogas is supplied to the biogas storage tank 113 through the opening and closing of the valve 132.

The biogas storage tank 113 is a cylindrical structure in which biogas is accommodated and sealed, and is usually manufactured by welding a carbon steel sheet in a cylindrical shape. The biogas storage tank 113 is connected to the biogas generating tank 111 to receive biogas, and receives biogas according to the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 132. The pressure gauge 133 is installed on the upper portion of the biogas storage tank 113 to measure and display the pressure of the biogas in the gas state filled therein so that the user can easily grasp the internal pressure state. In addition, the upper portion of the biogas storage tank 113 is provided with a gas automatic discharge valve 134 and a pressure control valve 136 for adjusting the filling amount. The state of charge in the biogas storage tank 113 is properly adjusted by the gas automatic discharge valve 134 and the pressure regulating valve 136. Here, the capacity of the biogas storage tank 113 may be changed as necessary.

The primary gasifier 115 is connected to the biogas storage tank 113. The primary gasifier 115 is a cylindrical tube that is a fin tube type with fins for heat dissipation on the outer circumferential surface to vaporize the biogas supplied from the biogas storage tank 113 and reduce the risk of explosion by heat radiation to improve stability. Improve. The primary gasifier 115 is provided with a safety valve 137 for preventing explosion when the pressure of the biogas is excessively increased, and a manual opening and closing valve 138 for manual operation. The safety valve 137 is a valve that automatically opens the valve when a pressure of 16 kg / cm 3 or more is applied to prevent the explosion of the primary carburettor 115. Here, the pressure value of the safety valve 137 may be changed as necessary.

A primary filter 115 is connected to the gas filter 117 for filtering impurities of biogas. And on the connection pipe of the primary carburetor 115 and the gas filter 117, manual opening and closing valves (141, 145) for manually operating the opening and closing state, safety to control the pressure by automatically discharging the biogas when excessive pressure rises A valve 142 and a pressure gauge 143 for pressure measurement and display may be installed. The gaseous biogas stored in the biogas storage tank 113 is supplied to the primary vaporizer 115, vaporized at a constant pressure state in the primary vaporizer 115, and supplied to the gas filter 117 through the gas supply pipe 140. Impurities are filtered out.

A heating heater 121 is connected to the output side of the gas filter 117. The warming heater 121 has a biogas chamber 121a which is a gaseous biogas passage therein, and is used in the engine main body 150 and flows through the cooling water heated therein, and heats the biogas through heat exchange. The cooling water chamber 121b is formed to be able to do so. To this end, the gas filter 117 is connected to the cylinder block 161 by a supply hose 146 and configured to supply coolant. The gaseous biogas that has passed through the gas filter 117 is heated by the heating heater 121 to solve the problem of lowering the temperature.

On the output side of the heating heater 121, a secondary vaporizer 123 is connected. The biogas heated by the warm heater 121 is supplied to the secondary vaporizer 123. The secondary vaporizer 123 lowers the high-pressure biogas from the biogas storage tank 113 via the heating heater 121 to a predetermined pressure, and reduces the pressure of about 16 kg / cm 3 to about 0.7 kg / cm 2, for example. And vaporize. The secondary gasifier 123 has a function of improving the engine output by making the biogas into very fine particles in the form of fog so that combustion occurs well.

Since the gaseous biogas of the secondary carburettor 123 is deprived of a large amount of evaporation point of the surrounding temperature is lowered, the secondary carburettor 123 may be frozen and unable to supply a sufficient amount of fuel, the warming to prevent this It is connected to the heating heater 121 so that the cooling water discharged from the heater 121 is introduced. As a result, sufficient heat required for vaporization is supplied, and the heat exchanged cooling water is sent to the cylinder block 161 through the return hose 147. The return hose 147 is installed at the inlet through which the coolant is supplied to the cylinder block 161, and the supply hose 146 is installed at the outlet through which the coolant is discharged.

On the other hand, the solenoid valve 119 which is operated by an electromagnet to open and close the fuel passage is provided at the top of the gas filter 117. The opening and closing of the solenoid valve 119 is performed to control the supply of biogas.

The engine main body 150 includes a cylinder block 151 having a plurality of cylinders in which a mixture of air and biogas is combusted and having a piston accommodated in each cylinder so as to reciprocate up and down, and the cylinder block 151 A cylinder head 155 coupled to the upper portion via a compression ratio adjusting shim (not shown) and having an intake valve 156 for supplying a biogas mixer to the cylinder and an exhaust valve 157 for discharging the burned gas. And an oil pan 159 for storing the lubricating oil supplied to these cylinder heads 155 and the journal (not shown) of the cylinder block 151. Here, it may be adjusted to have a compression ratio suitable for biogas use by the adjustment plate in the form of a thin plate interposed between the cylinder head 155 and the cylinder block 151. Normally, the diesel engine has a compression ratio of 15 to 22: 1 and the gasoline engine has a compression ratio of about 10 to 1 because of a low calorific value in biogas. This is possible by improving the diesel engine and reducing the combustion chamber volume to increase the compression ratio.

In the cylinder block 151, a plurality of cylinders are arranged in series, and a crank shaft 163 to which the cam shaft 161 and the connecting rod 162 are connected is rotatably installed. The camshaft 161 drives the intake valve 156 and the exhaust valve 157 through tappets and push rods and rocker arms (not shown), and the crankshaft 163 communicates with the piston 160 through the connecting rod 162. Connected.

The cylinder head 155 is equipped with an ignition plug 165 for igniting and burning the mixer introduced into the cylinder. The spark plug 165 is installed in a manner of press-fitting the injection nozzle installation position of the conventional diesel engine, that is, a mounting hole formed in the cylinder head 155 via a bush.

Outside the cylinder block 151, a distributor 167 for distributing and supplying high voltage electricity to the spark plug 165 is provided by a bracket (not shown) adjacent to the spark plug 165. The distributor 167 ignites the mixer by supplying high voltage electricity to each spark plug 165 mounted to the cylinder head 155. A rotating shaft (not shown) of the distributor 167 is connected to the end of the fuel pump drive shaft 169 to operate in conjunction with the rotation of the fuel pump drive shaft 169, so that the high pressure is applied to each spark plug 165 at an appropriate ignition timing. It is intended to distribute electricity. Here, the distributor 167 adopts a centrifugal acceleration and vacuum type, and the calorific value is lower than that of diesel, and thus the combustion time is late. The structure and function of the distributor 167 are the same as those of a distributor generally used in a gasoline engine, except that the distributor 41 is driven by the fuel pump drive shaft 40, and thus the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

A mixer 125 is connected to the secondary gasifier 123 to mix biogas and air. The biogas decompressed via the secondary gasifier 123 and the fuel line 183 and the gas filter 182 is supplied to the mixer 125 and mixed with air, and the mixer is sent to the cylinder of the cylinder block 151. do. The mixer 125 has a venturi for supplying biogas to a cylinder by using a negative pressure formed by intake air. According to the experimental results, it is found that the venturi formed in the mixer 125 has a diameter of about 20 mm, which is preferable because it can optimize the state of the mixer to improve the output.

On the other hand, the water temperature controller (not shown) provided with the liquid temperature switch 172 is formed with an outlet port for supplying a high temperature cooling water and an inlet port for returning the cooling water after preheating the biogas. Cooling water supplied from the cylinder block 151 to the secondary vaporizer 123 through the supply hose 147 heats the biogas, and is then supplied to the warm heater 121 again to collect the biogas in the warm heater 121. It is configured to heat and return the coolant back to the cylinder block 121 through the return hose 146. Biogas stored in the biogas storage tank 113 in a gaseous state at room temperature is preheated to 60 ~ 80 ?? in the cooling water before being mixed with air, so that the combustion efficiency is increased in the cold condition, the output can be improved.

Reference numeral 181 is a filter tightening screw, 184 is an ignition start switch, 185 is a battery, 186 is a relay, and a water jacket, a water pump, a throttle valve of a mixer, a governor, a water temperature controller, etc. Since the structure is the same as that of a general engine, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As in the above-described embodiment, the biogas engine according to the present invention stores the biogas generated when fermenting the constituents in the gas generating tank in the gas storage tank, and supplies the biogas to the gas supply device through the first and second secondary gasifiers. It supplies to a main body part, and is comprised so that power may be obtained by mixing the biogas with air and burning it. Biogas has a higher octane number, which can increase the compression ratio than gasoline engines, resulting in higher thermal efficiency, less generation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and shoots, and wider flammability limits, thus reducing the amount of fuel. have.

On the other hand, the biogas engine using the condensed biogas according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs, the scope does not deviate from the technical central idea of the present invention It will be readily appreciated that various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention. For example, the present invention is also applicable to civil tractors and heavy equipment equipped with industrial tractors or diesel engines. In addition, even if the agricultural by-product biogas, such as methane gas or ethanol, methanol, alcohol, etc. in place of the liquefied petroleum gas is not beyond the scope of the present invention.

According to the biogas engine according to the present invention as described above, since the biogas generated from the shaft powder is used, efficient treatment of the shaft powder can be made and alternative energy utilization technology can be established.

In addition, biogas is used instead of diesel fuel used for fossil fuels, such as diesel engines, so that the emission of harmful substances can be reduced, thereby reducing pollution such as environmental pollution. Experimental results show that fuel costs can be reduced by up to 50% compared to conventional diesel engines used for agriculture.

Moreover, the biogas engine of the present invention can be used by simply changing the structure of the conventional diesel engine, and ultimately can greatly contribute to the livestock farm by reducing fuel costs and using alternative energy. In addition, due to the characteristics of biogas, it is possible to reduce noise and vibration as compared to an engine using diesel.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a biogas engine according to the present invention.

2 is a partial configuration diagram of a biogas supply unit of a biogas engine according to the present invention.

3 is a block diagram showing an engine body of the biogas engine according to the present invention.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

100; Biogas engine 110; Biogas Supply Department

111; Biogas generator 113; Biogas storage tank

115; Primary carburettor 117; Gas filter

119; Solenoid valve 121; Heating heater

123; Secondary vaporizers 131,133,143; Pressure gauge

132; On-off valve 134; Automatic discharge valve

136; Pressure regulating valves 137,142; Safety valve

138,141,145; Manual open / close valve 140; Gas supply pipe

150; Engine main body 151; Cylinder block

155; Cylinder head 160; piston

161; Camshaft 162; Connecting rod

163; Crankshaft 165; Spark plug

167; Distributor 169; Fuel pump drive shaft

Claims (3)

A biogas generator for receiving biomass and generating biogas, a gas storage tank connected to the biogas generator and storing biogas supplied therefrom, and a primary vaporizer connected to the gas reservoir for vaporizing biogas; A gas filter for filtering impurities of the biogas supplied from the primary vaporizer, a warming heater for raising the temperature of the biogas discharged from the gas filter, and preheating the vaporized gas by depressurizing and vaporizing the biogas heated by the heating heater A biogas supply unit having a secondary gasifier; A cylinder block having a plurality of cylinders for receiving pistons, a cylinder head coupled to the piston and provided with a crank shaft, a cam shaft, and an intake valve and an exhaust valve driven according to the driving of the cam shaft; An oil pan disposed under the cylinder block to store lubricating oil supplied to the camshaft and the crankshaft; a water pump for supplying cooling water to the cylinder block and the cylinder head; A spark plug for generating a spark, a distributor for supplying high pressure electricity to the spark plug, a mixer for supplying the biogas depressurized in the secondary carburizer with air and supplied into the cylinder, and an engine rotating in conjunction with the mixer An engine body portion having a governor for making the number and torque changes constant; Biogas engine using the constituent biogas, characterized in that it comprises a. The method of claim 1, The cylinder is a biogas engine using shaft biogas, characterized in that the compression ratio is 10: 1. The method of claim 1, The primary gasifier is a biogas engine using shaft biomass, characterized in that the primary tube of the fin tube type.