SU652415A1 - Cryogenic plant - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of cryogenic engineering, in particular, to the device of cryogenic plants intended for cryostatting devices, mainly radio electronic. Cryogenic plants are known that contain a chiller and thermal pressure generators that operate on the principle of gas sorption 1. As a rule, the working medium of such plants is hydrogen, cooled, and liquid nitrogen before throttling. Intermetallic compounds of rarely metal metals are used as chemical sorbents of generators. Closest to the invention to the technical nature, the cryogenic plant contains a cooler with high and LOW pressure lines, two thermal pressure generators filled with an adsorbent and connected through a four-way valve to high and LOW pressure lines, and a device for periodic heating and cooling, pressure generators 2. In this cryogenic unit, a device for periodic heating and cooling of pressure generators is made in the form of p installed in the last lines with heat transfer media. The use of pressure coolants for heating and cooling pressure generators leads to the introduction of additional lines and valves, as well as coolant pumps into the installation design, which complicates the installation and increases its weight and size. The possibility of sowing highways with solid particles improves the operational quality of the installation. When heat energy is transported using heat carriers, heat energy losses are unavoidable due to parasitic heat fluxes between the heat carrier communications on the one hand and the environment with different equipment items on the other, which reduces the efficiency of the installation. The aim of the invention is to increase the operational reliability of the installation. The goal is achieved by the fact that the device for periodic heating and cooling is made in the form of a reversible semiconductor thermoelectric battery, the junctions of one type of which are placed in one of the generators and the junctions of the other type in the second

In this cryogenic installation, pressure generators are placed in a common container, and the installation contains an additional thermoelectric battery, whose cold junctions have. thermal contact with high pressure line.

The drawing shows the scheme of the proposed cryogenic plant.

The cryogenic plant contains a cooler with high 1 and low 2 pressure lines, including a high-temperature countercurrent heat exchanger 3, a liquid nitrogen bath 4, a low-temperature countercurrent heat exchanger 5, a throttle valve b and a heat exchanger of load 7, in thermal contact with which there is a cryostatted object 8 , Two thermal generators of pressure A and B are filled with an adsorbent and connected by pipes 9 and 10 through a four-way valve 11 to the lines of high 1 and low 2 of pressure of the cooler. A device for periodically heating and cooling generators is made in the form of a reversible semiconductor thermoelectric battery 12, the junctions of one type of which are placed in generator A, and another type in generator B. Generators A and B of pressure are placed in a common container 13 with a heat-insulating spacer 14. Installation It also contains a thermoelectric battery 15 with a radiator 16, the cold connectors of the core have thermal contact with the high-pressure line 1 of the cooler.

At steady state, the installation works as follows.

  . - H -. -

When a reversible semiconductor thermoelectric battery is turned on 12 in such a way that its hot junctions are in generator A, and cold ones in generator B, in a hot generator A desorption of previously adsorbed hydrogen occurs. The high-pressure hydrogen pipeline 9 enters the four-way valve 11 (solid arrows 1 | C), the valve of which is in the position indicated by the solid line. Passing the four-way valve II, the hydrogen enters the high-pressure line 1, where its temperature is -. The operation is reduced by the cold junctions of an additional thermoelectric battery 15, while the heat from the hot junctions of the batteries is discharged into the environment using a radiator. pa16. further cooling of hydrogen is carried out in a high-temperature anti-current heat exchanger 3, liquid with a gold bath 4, a low-temperature counter heat exchanger 5, from which the gas flows

652415

After throttling, the low pressure hydrogen enters the load heat exchanger 7, cools the control unit 8 and is directed through counter-flow heat exchangers 5 and 3, where it cools 5 the counter high-pressure gas flow, to the four-valve valve 11. From valve 11 via line 10 low pressure hydrogen enters cold generator B, where it is adsorbed by a cooled chemical sorbent. Upon termination of hydrogen desorption in generator A and adsorption in generator B, the polarity of switching on the reversible semiconductor thermoelectric battery 12 is changed and the valve of the four-way valve 11 is shifted to the position indicated by the dotted line. In this case, the sorbent located in generator A begins to cool, and in generator B to heat up. In cavity B, desorption of previously adsorbed hydrogen occurs and it flows through conduit 10 through valve 11 through the same elements of the installation as in the previous phase of the installation (dotted arrows), ultimately Bi in the cold generator A, where its adsorption. .

The use of this cryogenic plant eliminates the use of coolants, which leads to its simplification and increased operational reliability. Its weight-bearing barometric characteristics are improved, heat losses are reduced.

The use of both effects of a reversible thermoelectric battery leads to a more complete and

0 rational use of supply 4Oi energy.

Claims (3)

1. Cryogenic installation, keeping the cooler with high and low pressure lines, two thermal generators, filled with aii sorbent grinder and connected through a four-way valve to the high and low pressure lines, and a device for periodic heating and cooling of pressure generators, about 20 so that in order to increase operational reliability, the device for periodic heating and cooling is made in the form of a reversible semiconductor thermoelectric battery, the junctions of one type of which are placed in one of the generators, and the junctions of the other type - in the second. 2. The installation according to claim 1, wherein the pressure generators are located in a common container. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an additional thermoelectric battery, the cold junctions of which have thermal contact with the high-pressure line. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 517761, cl. F 25 V 25/00, 1975. 2. Accepted for England No. 1331284, cl. F 4 H, 1973. x;