SU649740A1 - Method of hydration of oils and fats - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to methods for the purification of oils and fats, and in particular to methods for their hydration, and can be used in the oil and fat industry. The known method of hydration of oils and. fat water l. The disadvantage of this method is that it does not ensure that the glyceride part of fats remains unchanged, since natural antioxidants, phosphorides, are derived from small amounts. The closest to the present is a method of hydrating oils and fats by treating them with a hydrating agent — an aqueous solution of antioxidant followed by sludge and removing sediment 2. The antioxidant in this method is tannin. However, this method does not prevent oxidation of oils and fats during their further storage. Thus, the oxidizing agents are metals contained in oils - iron, nickel, copper, etc. The purpose of the invention is to increase the oxidation resistance of oils and fats. To do this, an aqueous extract of seed fruit — black alder or alder cones — is used as a hydrating agent, taken in an amount of 1–3% by weight of the oil, and after introducing the oil extract, it is exposed to a magnetic field of 850–1250 oersted. An aqueous extract of cones — seed fruits of alder gray or black is prepared as follows. For 1 kg of dry alder cones, take 50 l of boil (condensate) and infuse for 6-7 days, then filter and the resulting extract is used as intended. The extract contains 99% water and 1% extractives. When added to the oils and fats of the specified extract of alder cones, the latter does not give them specific odors and color. Water extract of alder cones with antioxidant capacity should be introduced only at the stage of hydration of oils and fats, because phosphatides interact with the water contained in the extract - hydration occurs, swelling, loss of solubility in oil and precipitation of phosphatid in the sediment with subsequent removal of this sediment from the oil, and the extract substances (flavone glucosides, triterpenoids, tannins, gall,, coffee, chlorogenic, protocate, and other acids) bind ferroimpurities (iron, nickel, coba lith, etc.) and thereby eliminate their catalytic effect on lipid oxidation in hydrated oils and fats. Alder cones extract has a beneficial effect on phosphatides. It prevents oxidation of phosphatides both remaining in the oil after their hydration and in the hydration sediment itself. The magnetic field during hydration, in addition to the removal of ferro-impurities (oxidation activators), contributes to the uniform distribution of the water extract of cones of gray alder or black alder in oils and fats.

Spreadsheets

1 Example 1. 100 g of pre-pressed sunflower oil with a phosphatide content of 0.519%, a ferro-admixture of 1.6 mg / g and a peroxide number of 0.018% iodine are mixed with an aqueous extract of sotlodia - black alder cones in an amount. 2% of the weight of the oil at 45c, and then exposed to a magnetic field of 1100 rsted for 2 minutes and set to one-hour sludge. An aqueous extract of black alder cones is prepared after weekly infusion and subsequent filtration at the rate of 1 kg of cones and 50 l of water in the form of boiling water. After the hydrated oil is separated, a precipitate is removed from it. The oil purified in this way is stored for 10 days at 15 ° C. The physicochemical parameters of the oil are determined before and after treatment. These studies are summarized in table 1.

0.018 0.109 0.076

0.519 1.6

As can be seen from Table 1, hydration of pre-press sunflower oil with an aqueous extract of fruit - black alder cones with a subsequent exposure to a magnetic field has a positive effect, since the resulting hydrated oil after removal of phosphatides, which are natural antioxidants, increases the oxidation products after 10 days slightly and makes up about 0.027% iodine, whereas in the oil before processing about 0.091% iodine

Example 2. 100 g edible whale fat. Containing phosphatides

1.50.195 0.279 0.047

0.128

0.074 0.101

0.128%, ferro impurities 1.5 mg / g and peroxide number 0.195% iodine are mixed with an aqueous extract of seed seeds - alder cones in an amount of 3% oT of fat weight at 50 ° C, exposed to a magnetic field of 1250 Årsted and with a strength of 3 min. on time sucks. After settling, the precipitate is separated and the resulting fat is stored for 10 days at.

Physical and chemical parameters are determined before and after treatment.

Research data are presented in Table. 2 ..

table 2

0.116 0.142 As can be seen from Table 2, hydration of edible whale oil with an aqueous extract of condlorescent alder cones upon subsequent exposure to a magnetic field after the removal of phosphatides, which are natural antioxidants, and ferrous impurities are prooxidants, the increase in oxidation products is insignificant and after 10 days is about 0.026 % iodine, whereas in whale fat before processing it varied around 0.084% iodine.

Claims (2)

1. Guidelines for the technology of production and processing of vegetable oils and fats, vol. N. L., VNIIZh, 1960, p. 23. 2. Tyutyunnikov B, N. and others. Technology of processing fats. M., Pishepromizdat, 1963, s, 43.