SU648965A1 - Dc voltage stabilizer - Google Patents

Description

The emitter junction of which is sealed by the first diode and connected to the first output of the secondary winding of the transformer, and through the first resistor to the second output of this winding, the collector through the series-connected second diode and the resistor is connected to the second output of the secondary winding, and through the third resistor to the supporting element, while the integrator is connected by one input to the emitter of the transistor, and the other to the connection point of the second diode and a resistor. The input of the support element can be connected to the output pins, and as the second resistor can be used an element with a nonlinear characteristic. In order to provide overvoltage protection at the load at the time of start-up, the NMMP shaper was filled on parallel-connected additional transistor and single-transistor transistor, the sump of which is connected to the midpoint of the string at the fourth stabilizer shunt in voltmeter

On fig. I shows the structural scheme of the proposed stabilizer; Fig, 2 - diagrams characterizing the modes of its operation.

The stabilizer contains connected to the input terminals 1 of the serial non-transformer 2, power regulator No. 3, connected to the load 4 and controlled by means of a cap from the pulse shaper 5, the lifeguard 6 and the pulse-synchronous modulator 7, connected with a floating element 8. Shaper 5 contains a dopostoplny transistor 9 and a single junction transistor 1O with a resistor 11, connected via a reistor 12 to a terminal 13, to which an auxiliary voltage pvfann is applied. A terminal from a resistor 14, a condenser 15 to a zener diode 16 is also connected to terminal 13. Modulator 7 contains a circuit from resistor 17 and diode 18 with a transistor 19 connected to it, which connects element 8 through resistor 2O and 21 With a revistor 22 and an integrator 6. In the simplest case, a capacitor can be used as the latter.

The stabilizer works as follows.

When applied to pins 1, the power supply through the transformer 2 is fed to the power regulator 3 (in the simplest case, the thyristor) and the modulator 7, Suppose that this happened at time O (Fig. 2), starting from which the supply voltage has a negative sign (the polarity is indicated in Fig. I.). Under the influence of this

the voltage regulator 3 is closed, and current flows through elements 17-18, as a result of which transistor 19 is locked, when transistor 19 is locked, current from element 8, which works as a source of emf, through elements 20, 21, the integrator 6 capacitor aspires. polarity, inverse of the specified. At the same time, the larger (and opposite in sign) current flows

through the 1P5 integrator b from the secondary winding of transformer 2 through a resistor 22. Under the action of the difference of the indicated currents, the capacitor of the integrator 6 is charged at the end of the interval 0-O, 5 T

up to a certain value (proportional to the difference between the actual values) and setting the values of the supply voltage) by the polarity indicated in FIG. one.

From the time of 0.5 T sign pi

thawing voltage is reversed (indicated in parentheses). At the same time, in the entire interval of 0.5 T-T the current flowing from the secondary winding of the transformer 2 through the resistor 17 and the transition into the emitter-base of the transistor 19, the latter is kept in the suspended state, as a result of which the current from the element 8 is closed through the elements 19, 20, mine diode 21 and integrator 6. For this

Chgge in the range of 0.5 T-T capacitor of the integrator 6 is constantly discharged only under the action of current from the transformer 2 through a resistor 22,

At the moment of on / voltage, the integrator 6 kokedavsatora passes through a zero value and becomes sufficient to saturate the transistor of the IC1u generator {pin points 5. Up to this point, the cocdexator 15 is pre-charged from an additional source (clamp 13) through a resistor 14 to a voltage on the zener diode 16s which is chosen to lower the turn-on voltage of the single junction transistor 10.

Claims (2)

The imposition of the transistor 9 causes a sharp decrease in inter-axle eg. transistor 10, resulting in an abrupt transition of the transistor lO to the open state. The capacitor 15 instantaneously triggers through the emitter of the transistor 10 to the cutter 11 n control transition of the thyristor regulator 3, which causes it to turn on and the voltage on the load 4 appears. The regulator goes to the off state at time T The following processes are repeated in each period of the supply voltage. Suppose now that at time O the supply voltage increases (dashed line in FIG. 2). This leads to the fact that by the end of the O-O, 5 T interval, the integrator capacitor b will be charged to a large voltage, due to which, in the interval of 0.5 T, more time is required for the integrator to return to its original state, t. e. this will occur at time jb, and accordingly, the load voltage has the form shown in fig. dotted line. Thus, with an increase in the supply voltage, the turn-on angle of the regulator thyristors increases and decreases with decreasing, with the result that the average voltage on the load remains unchanged. The stabilization accuracy can be increased to ± (OD –0.2%), if, as an integrator, use an integrating opamp amplifier or introduce a non-linearity into the resistor 22 (for example, part of it is shunted by a diode). The considered implementation of the pulse driver circuit allows to improve the process of starting (turning on) the stabilizer. If the stabilizer turns on at the time O, the voltage across the capacitor of the integrator 6 almost instantly reaches a value sufficient to drive the transistor 9. If the driver 5 is at this time of the initial state (i.e. its capacitor 15 is charged to the voltage of the Zener diode 16), the thyristors of the regulator are turned on at the beginning of the pan half-cycle of the network and a brief overvoltage appears on the load 4. However, since the voltage on the clamp 13 appears almost simultaneously with the moment of shunting ehodnogo transistor 10 (with feeding the supply voltage) in inter56 shaft Cs - O capacitor 15 be charged due to the absence of bases between 1O transistor voltage, and since the O stabrshizator operates similarly to that described, i.e. Overvoltages are absent. In the considered variant, the output voltage of the stabilizer is not monitored, as a result of which it can change, for example, when the load current is exchanged. 4. Connect to the voltage terminals of the stabilizer of the reference element 8 (see the dotted line) and RUN the latter so that the voltage its output increased with an increase in the output voltage of the stabilizer (and decreased with decreasing), the stability of the latter can be increased with certainty, since element 8 in this case functions simultaneously as a state of affairs Additional negative feedback. The power regulator can be made using full-wave or multi-phase rectifying circuits, which makes it possible to obtain a constant voltage with a reduced ripple at the output, which is stabilized by the mean value. Inductance-capacitance filters can also be added to the controller. Power regs-tor can also be performed by known schemes of alternating current. In all variants, the number of items 5–7 is increased {1, according to the number of thyristors in the controller circuit. The proposed stabilizer does not require cumbersome Eisenmants; its control circuit is easily implemented. In a microchip circuit, K provides automatic stabilization of the output. voltage with high accuracy. The time spent on working out any disturbance of the supply voltage does not exceed one half-period of the mains frequency, which ensures high accuracy in stabilizing the output voltage in the normal mode of operation of the power supply system. The high performance combined with the high accuracy of the power supply disturbance testing ensures an increased stability of the output voltage of the proposed stabilizer. 7 Claim 1. Stabilizer constant-voltage, containing a transformer, the wound of which is connected to the input terminals 4 of the power regulator of thyristors, control input koto. The horn is connected to one of the secondary windings of the transformer through a chain of a pulse former, an integrator and a pulse-square modulator and a supporting element, and the output pins are connected to another secondary winding of a grass transformer through a power regulator, characterized in that, in order to improve the stability of the output voltage dimensions and size of the stabilizer, in which the pulse-width modulator is made on a transistor, the base-emitter junction of which is shunted by the first diode and connected to the first output of the secondary transformer coils, and through the first resistor - to the second output of this winding, the collector is connected via a second connected pyode and a resistor connected to the second output of the secondary winding, and through the third resistor to the supporting element, and the integrator is connected to one of its 65 terminals transistor, and the other to the point of coherence of the second diode and resistor, 2, Stabilizer in accordance with claim 1, 1, and the latter because the input to the electric circuit is connected to the output pins. 3, Stabilizer in PP, I, 2, characterized in that the element with a nonlinear characteristic is used as the second resistor. 4, the Stabilizer on PP. I, 2 and 3, characterized in that, in order to protect against overvoltage on the load at the time of start-up, the pulse shaper is made on parallel-connected additional transistor and single-junction transistor, the emitter of which is connected to the midpoint of the chain of the fourth resistor and capacitor shunt stabilitron. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 365694, class, q 05 P 1/56, 1969. 2. Ivanchuk B., N. and Ruvinov B. Ya. Parametric voltage regulators on semiconductor devices and magnetic amplifiers, Energie, M, 1971, p. 126, fig. 2.31. (.) 6f th