SU639576A1 - Filtering material for water-preparation filters - Google Patents

Description

ki to filter materials such as quartz sand or expanded clay. The starting materials for the formation of burnt rocks in; Metamorphosed coal-bearing rocks, which are a natural mixture of mudstones, siltstones and sandstones. Burnt rocks are the product of waste rock self-firing. In this case, if the burning took place in the bowels of the earth during the fires of the earth, burnt rocks or glioise formed. During the self-firing of mine rocks in the dumps or openings of mines and coal mines, waste dumps were formed. Thus, the burnt rocks are completely burnt aggregate rocks containing a minimum (less than 5%) amount of carbonaceous impurities and a mineral, usually clay-sandy, part burned to one degree or another. Mineralogically, burnt rocks are characterized by sandstone and aleurolite varieties or sill of argillite type. The mineralogical component of the burnt rocks is subdivided into clasto-gepp minerals (quartz, noplite) and weed products of the metamorphization of the clay mass, which was modified during the self-calcination process. During self-firing of the burnt rocks, quartz grain is partially transformed into trpdimite and

Table 1 cristozlpt. its activation is observed due to the lack of water, the dehydration of clay minerals and silicate formation occurs. The natural conditions of the formation of burnt rocks as a result of complex thermal and tectonic effects are caused by the metamorphization of the structure of minerals, the deformation of their crystal lattice and the production of a whole range of new properties. The high specificity of modern and nectic actizy forms of oxides in burned rocks gives their surface high physicochemical activity. For example, the burnt rocks of the coal mine N ° 8 of the city of Prokopyevsk, Kemerovo region, which are of the type for the prepared 5 tons of gg materials, have the following chemical composition and physical properties,%: SiOg 68; RegOz 6; CaO 12; MgO 1.8; ABOz 22, loss on ignition - 1%. Specific weight is 2.5-2.7 g / cm; volumetric weight is 1500-1800 kg / m, compressive strength 700-1400 kg / cm, fractional sensitivity while compressing 35-45 kg / cm. In tab. 1, 2, and 3, respectively, comparative data are given on the mechanical strength, technological and operating standards of crushed burnt rocks with other filter materials.

Table 3

Speed

The name of the filtering filtering, m h materials

8-10

Quartz sand 15-20 crushed burnt rocks

As can be seen from the above data, the filter material from burned rocks has high mechanical strength, good permeability and high efficiency, which allows increasing the productivity of existing pump-filtering stations by 1.5-2 times, and

construction of new stations to reduce the volume of capital investments by 1.5-2 times.

Due to the optimal geometric structure, developed surface and high sorption capacity, the filter material from burnt rock is universal. It is successfully used to purify drinking and industrial water with a reduced amount of reagents or no reagents at all. The use of burned rocks as a filtering material made it possible to solve the problem of purification of industrial wastewater that is highly concentrated in sediment, for example, mine water, coal preparation sludge water, etc.

Claims (2)

1. Kastalsky A. A. and Mints D. M. Water treatment for drinking and industrial water supply. “Higher School, 1962, p. 12. 2. USSR author's certificate number 267581, cl. B 01D 39/02, 1968.