SU633979A1 - Pile - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to building elements for the erection of foundations, in particular pile foundations, in soils subject to frosty ignorance.

A known concrete blockage of square section with a cylindrical cavity along its axis is provided with a core that can be removed after driving a pile into the ground, the core being made in the form of a metal pipe, pretreated with a means for reducing the adhesion of metal to concrete 1. Due to this design, saving of metal for reinforcement is achieved and provides durability in the manufacture, transportation and driving of the pile into the ground. However, the specified pile can not be applied in soils prone to frosty ignorance.

The closest to the invention in terms of technical essence and the achieved result is the pile, including the barrel and the opposable outer sheath, installed around the barrel with a gap filled with a viscous non-freezing fluid 2.

The disadvantage of this pile is that the shell does not allow the NLP to vibrate it together with the NLP pile separately, since in this case it will be displaced in plan until it is pressed to the pile. As a result, on one side, the gap will be reduced to zero, and on the other, it will be doubled. In addition, when the ground is piled up, the ground penetrates into the gap, which will not allow the shell to be used for its intended purpose.

Another disadvantage of the known pile is the fact that its

removes the soil surrounding the pile from the work, which impairs the work of the pile when the horizontal and pulling loads are taken. The shell will bulge vigorously and the ne may be planted back into the pears.

The aim of the invention is to provide immersion and increase the reliability of pile operation.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the pile, including the trunk and the opposite skin layer, installed around

Claims (4)

the barrel with a gap filled with a viscous non-freezing fluid, the shell is made rigid and provided with a side facing the barrel with ribs, and the lower end of the shell is bent toward the barrel. In this case, a stop plate can be installed on the upper end of the barrel, and the upper end of the shell is provided with a shelf, the stop plate and the shelf being connected by vertical bolts, the lower ends of which are rigidly connected to the shelf, and the upper ones are equipped with nuts. The shell can be provided on the side facing the ground with vertical plates, and also a composite of telescopically interconnected sections is made in height, the lower of which has a stop, and the length of the upper is equal to the depth of the seasonal thawing of the ground. The invention is illustrated in the drawings; in fig. 1 schematically shows a general view of a pile with a shell; in fig. 2 - the same in the plan, a section along A-A; in fig. 3 - option piles with a shelf, plate and vertical bolts; in fig. 4 is a variant of the shell, provided with support plates; in fig. 5 same in plan, a section along BB, in FIG. 6 is a view of a pile with a composite shell. Sva consists of a cylindrical or prismatic shaft 1, on which the outer shell 2 is worn, made of metal or reinforced concrete and stretched, and with the entire thickness of the freezing or penetrating soil layer. The gap between the barrel of the pit and the shell 2 is filled with a layer of filler 3, which is a viscous non-freezing fluid, for example, grease. The lower end of the shell 2 is bent towards the trunk 1, so that the lower part of the shell 2 has bevels 4 to facilitate immersion of the pile, as well as to prevent soil from entering the gap between the barrel 1 and the shell 2. On the inner side facing the trunk 1, the shell 2 is provided a system of vertical ribs 5. A gap of about 1 mm is provided between the ribs 5 and the barrel 1. The ribs 5 exclude a significant movement of the pile in the horizontal plane under the action of the horizontal component of the load. When a horizontal load is applied, the barrel 1 rests on the ribs 5, the sheath 2 is activated in the same way. When frost heaving of the soil, the sheath 2 moves together with the ground, and no forces are transmitted to the barrel 1. After complete thawing of the soil or after thawing of its working layer, the shell 2 can be pressed in to the initial position with the help of a vibrator or a jack (not shown in the drawing). For this purpose, the upper end of the shell 2 is provided with a shelf 6 for installing a jack, and a thrust plate 7 is installed on the upper end of the pile shaft 1. To engage the shell 2 at pulling loads, the shelf 6 and the thrust plate 7 are connected by vertical bolts 8. Lower ends bolts 8 are rigidly connected to the shelf b, and the upper ends are passed through the holes in the support plate 7 and are equipped with nuts 9. Normally, nuts 9 do not prevent the sheath 2 from moving relative to the barrel 1 of the pile up during frost heaving. If a pulling load is applied, the bolts 8 with nuts 9 prevent the barrel 1 from moving upwards and transfer the pulling load to the shell 2. For better horizontal loads, the shell 2. can be equipped from the side facing the ground with vertical support plates 10 extending in one or more mutually perpendicular planes. In areas with permafrost, the lower part of the shell 2 must be installed below the boundary of the business layer, i.e., in the permafrost soil. In this case, re-pressing of the shell after its frosty bulging may be difficult. To prevent such a situation, the outer shell 2 is made in height by a composite of two sections 11 and 12, which are telescopically interconnected, so that the lower section 11 enters the upper section 12 with a certain gap. The length of the upper section 12 is equal to the depth of the seasonal thawing of the soil, i.e. the horizontal plug of the two sections is located at the lower boundary of the soil thawing zone. In order to allow the upper section 12 and the lower section 11 to be submerged together, the latter is provided with a stop 13 located outside some distance from the lower end of the shell 2. When the pile is immersed, the upper section 12 of the shell 2 is installed with its lower edge to the stop 13. The outer shell 2 can be made either permanently or with one or several side connectors, i.e., consisting, for example, of two parts. Claim 1. Sva, comprising a barrel and an opposing outer shell, installed around the barrel with a gap filled with a viscous antifreeze liquid, characterized in that, in order to facilitate immersion and increase reliability of operation, the shell is made rigid and provided on the side facing to the trunk, ribs, with the lower end of the shell bent towards the trunk. 2. Sva according to claim 1, characterized in that a stop plate is mounted on the upper end of the barrel, and the upper end of the shell is provided with a shelf, and the stop plate and the shelf are connected by vertical bolts, the lower ends of which are rigidly connected to the toe, and the upper ends are fitted with nuts. 3. Sva on PP. 1. 2, characterized in that. that the shell is supplied from the side facing the ground with vertical plates. 4. Sva on PP. 1, 2, 3, characterized in that the outer shell is made up of a height composed of sections of telescopically interconnected sections, the lower of which has an emphasis, and the length of the upper one is equal to the depth of seasonal thawing of the soil. Sources of information taken into account during the examination: 1. USSR author's certificate L ° 271384, cl. E 02 D 5/54, 06.02.67. 2. USSR author's certificate N ° 326288. cl. E 02 D 5/22, 08 12.69. xp 3 /, I-1 yyShSu-Zh .., dL 1L Shtsh l Г1 ± 1 ШШШШШ Щ: // - /// 4.,