SU622831A1 - Method of glueing polymer materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the technology of gluing polymeric materials and their products, mainly to the technology of gluing bonded polymers, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, butyl rubber vulcanizates. Fluorine rubber, ethylene and propylene, and other methods. (chemical, engineering, building materials, etc.) where die cutting requires durability and reliability of fastening polymeric materials to each other or to other materials m.

There is a method of gluing polymeric materials, according to which the stamp is subjected to compression and shear deformations with the aim of improving the adhesive properties. This operation is carried out before applying glue to the surfaces to be glued.

Closest to what is proposed from known, is a method of gluing products from polymers, involving degreasing, mechanical processing,

for example with emery paper, applying polymer glue and bonding the surfaces to be glued 2.

However, this method of gluing does not provide a durable and reliable adhesive bond of hardly glued materials. This is due to the fact that the bulk of the reactive groups (free radicals and ions on the polymer surface) formed by mechanical action (sanding paper) manages to relax or react with the environment. At the polymer surface, layers of gases, vapors and other vepegstv, which significantly reduces the adhesive ability of the machined surface.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the strength of the adhesive bond.

This goal is achieved by the fact that, when gluing a polymer, including surface preparation operations, applying a polymer polymer, joining the surfaces to be glued, the mechanical effect on the surface of the polymer material is carried out simultaneously with the application of glue or after applying it. A mechanical action on the glue - polymer system is accompanied by a number of developments that contribute to the formation of strong and reliable adhesive bonds: a) destruction of the polymer surface and a defective adhesive layer, which is accompanied by the reinforcement of reactive free radicals and at the same time csc. in the adhesive layer, hooked on the surface of the half-slider. Free radicals p ions with BaaHVioneftcTJMiH between themselves form a scrambled bonds (occurs grafted on the surface of the polymer by a component of the CPA, which is confirmed by infrared spectroscopy data); b) the noithamer is being roughened by the surface and the glue is injected with a tool, which leads to an increase in the area of contact between the adhesive and the surface of the polymer, as well as the formation of adhesive adhesive screws; c) replenishing the contact layer with particles dispersed from the polymer surface, which leads to a decrease in the magnitude and uniform redistribution of the stresses created at the contact boundary of the glue-polymer during shrinking, temperature expansion and exploitation {g) mixing glue, which contributes to bringing new reactive groups to the interface of glue polymer and to removing weakly adhering glue and sorbed layers from the polymer substrate. For the mechanical action of the glue - polymer system, a tool commonly used for mechanical treatment of the surface of solids can be used as a jet and a stringer: brush, needle cutter, cutter, abrasive tool, magnetostrictor, shot blasting tool, etc. This allows For the implementation of the proposed method, it is possible to use widely used mechanisms in practice, for example, sand blasting and shot blasting devices, ultrasonic installations, shelling machines, etc. The application of glue can be done with a tool, with a mechanical effect on the glue polymer system. For example, a shot during shot-blasting / captures the layer of the layer with its surface and transfers it to the surface of the polymer, producing the following effect on the next instant of the fur on the glue layer applied by it and on the surface of the polymer. Thus, it is possible to exclude the operation of dressing, and, as a consequence, also the dressing devices, which prompts the appliance 0 (1) abutment of the method, and also increases the productivity of the gluing process. For each pair to whose polymer there are optimal modes of mechanical action by the instrument. Example. The experiment was carried out on a setup that represented a vrashutniy with a given angular velocity (CfiJ) disk and a sample holder made of a polymeric material. A tool for mechanical impact is glued to the surface of the disk, for example an emery paper, or an abrasive wheel is fixed. The sample holder is pressed to the disk with a weight (P). The speed of the tool (V) relative to the surface of the polymer sample is calculated using the known ratio V ShN, where R is the distance from the center of the disk to the image. The specific pressure of the clamp (U) is calculated by the formula P + Z where Pn is the weight of the holder and the sample; S is the contact area of the sample and instrument. As nairitovy glue use glue 88H. This non-adhesive glue is widely used in practice for bonding various materials, including polystyrene, to the treated surface. For gluing polymers, the traditional adhesives for them are mainly used. However, other adhesives are used. The proposed method is tested when gluing a large group of polymeric materials: polyethylene (PE), polypropy-. flax (PP), polyisobutylene, various marki.ftoroplastov, plasticized polyvinyl chloride and hard (PVC), polyurethane, nitrile butadiene rubbers, fluororubbers other using adhesives: nairigszhye, phenol formaldehyde, epoxy, polyurethane ovyu, and pageksnye dru-: Gia. Moreover, they are glued together as homogeneous, raic and dissimilar.

The table shows the results of testing for strength at

under 180 glue joints made by the proposed and iesagnomu methods. The tests were carried out on an HDL-40 rip-off machine at a speed of movement of the lower clamp 100 mm / min.

For bonding polyethylene polyurethane using polystyrene glue (sample 1), a mechanical glue is applied to the system with an abrasive tool on the system with polymer at a speed of 0.5 to 50 m / s relative to the surface of the polymer with a pressing pressure of 0.1 to 5 kgf / cm. Modes are indicated for processes conducted at a temperature of 20 C.

When gluing the sample 12, the speed of sandpaper relative to the surface of the polymer is 0.02 m / s at a pressure of 75 kgf / cm, for a sample of 15-350 m / s and. 0.03 kgf / cm respectively. For the remaining samples, the modes indicated for sample 1 are used.

Similar results are obtained when applying adhesive using a shot blasting apparatus.

Low density polyethylene (LDPE) -glass1kan (nairitovy glue brand 88N) 3.7

LDPE - cotton bodice (88H) 4.2

LDPE - polyvinyl chloride leather

(PVC) (88H) 1.8

LDPE - Steel 3 (88H) 4.0

PZNP - steel H18N10T

(88H) 3.3

LDPE - Aluminum (88H) 4.4

LDPE - copper (foil) (88H) 3.1

0.4 Adhesive (on

border claypolymer)

Also

0.5

Cohesive (by fabric)

Adhesive (glue - PVC)

Adhesive (glue - steel)

Also

Offset (glue, glue-aluminum)

Adhesive (glue - copper); LDPE - fiberglass (fekolform alde hydroxy adhesive BF-2) 0.9

LDPE - glass fiber (Nairit (Live NT)

4.1

LDPE - fiberglass (polyisobugylene P-118)

LDPE-glassware (for urethane hedgehog Desmocol 40O)

LDPE - fiberglass (ep zhidny L-4)

0.8

LDPE - fiberglass

(fluoroplastic toepoxy

LFE23x) 1.2

LDPE-PVC (linoleum)

(latx glue

SKN4OGP-1) O, 7

PVC (linoleum) - PVC (linoleum) (SKN40GP-1

PVC (leather) -

-loop p: an

(neuritis nt)

Weed traft (fepi1en (f-4) -glass (88N)

Ф-4 - steel 3 (88Н)

 - steel Х18Н1ОТ

(88H)

Table continuation

Cohesive ,, oh, 5

(on fiberglass)

To ore sultry (at 0.3

adhesive layer)

Adhesive0.4

(glue - LDPE)

Same0.2

0.4Too

0.2

Cohesive (for glue)

0.4

Also

Adhesive 24

(Clay - PVC)

Adhesive 0.2

(glue - F-4) Same0.1

Adhesive

(glue - Х18Н1ОТ) Adhesive0.3 (glue - LDPE)

 - aluminum {88H) 3.5

F-4 - copper (88H) 2.8

Ф-4 - fiberglass (fluoroashpentinediscide DFE23x) 1.1

1.6

2.1 Adhesive0.4

F-4 - fiberglass

(LFE42x)

F-4 - fiberglass (BF-2)

F-4 - copper (LFE42x)

Butadoxystyrene

SKS-ZO rubber - fabric (kersey) (Nairit NT)

SKS-ZO - skin

(Nairit NT) 2.4

SKS-ZO - polyurethane coating on fabric (PU) (Nairit NT) 4,3

PU - fabric (kersey) (Nairit NT)

3.5

(Adhesive 0.2

{glue- F -4)

Adhesive0.3

(glue - copper)

Adhesive .0,1

(glue - fiberglass).

Also

0.2

(glue - F-4)

0.3

0.2 0.4

4.1

Mixed (SKS-ZO, SKS-ZO glue)

one

Adhesive (leather - glue)

Cohesion (PU) 3.1.

Adhesive (glue - PU)

Also

3.1

Claims (2)

The same 116 Using the proposed method for gluing polymeric materials provides the following advantages; voMOMiocTb to obtain a durable and reliable adhesive bond of difficult-to-adhere materials; the possibility of firm bonding of polymers with adhesives that have not previously been used for these purposes, for example, latex adhesives, for gluing polyethylene to other materials. Claims The method of gluing polymeric materials, including mechanical impact 1 on the surface of the material, applying glue on the basis of the polymer to the connection of the glued surfaces, characterized in that, in order to increase the strength of the adhesive compound, the mechanical effect on the surface of the polymeric material or after applying it. Sources of information taken into account in the examination: 1, USSR Copyright Certificate No. 192329, cl. From 09 J 3/14, 1967. 2. Lebedev R. A, et al. Spray welding, welding, L., Chemistry, 1973, Fr. 82