SU62185A1 - Tunnel tunneling method - Google Patents

Description

Implementation of the implementation of underground water supply structures, sewage, heating, gas, transportation and so on. When crossing them with railways, highways, etc., when sinking under buildings and structures, always connected with house of complications. Driving by open trenches reduces the speed of movement along intersected transport routes and often requires the withdrawal of transport routes or a temporary stopping of traffic. In addition, extreme care is required in order to avoid damage to the intersected underground structures and there is a need for exceptional care and the use of heavy types of fasteners to protect the foundations of the nearest structures from damage. All of these difficulties are heightened by the age of 11 and the depth of the foundation of the existing underground structures (pipelines, etc.), and especially when passing through water-bearing soils. The use of closed work methods — tunnels with subsequent lining of the adit or with the help of special shield mechanisms — are extremely complex, time consuming and expensive.

There is a known method of tunneling or laying; pipes, in which the links of the tunnel lining or pipes are pushed into the ground by jacks while simultaneously developing the ground in the bottomhole. This famous technique is used in practice only for a small length of pipelines or tunnels. When pipes and tunnels are drilled, the boreholes are also too complicated, since the work must be done from a series of consistently located mines with the appropriate equipment.

The invention aims to eliminate the disadvantages of this method and lies in the fact that additional jacks are installed between the sections of the rear and the cladding areas, which the village will require to follow. M 621852

1kiva 1i cladding in parts and make it possible to increase; 1nchit the length of penetration from one place (working mine).

FIG. Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a tunnel after pushing through the three facing sections; in fig. 2, 3, 4 - three consecutive positions of the jacks and pressing for two parts of the facing; in fig. 5 and 6 are two positions of the jacks located in the span of the (j4iK) ft camera.

The exemplary installation shown in the drawing for implementing the method is as follows.

The front knife part (knife link) / is intended to cut the rock along the outer lining of the lining (tunnel) of the tunnel with a full perimeter. Enlargement should reduce the friction of the rock pushed lining (cladding). The cutting part of the blade is made of steel. The body of a knife link can be made of metal, reinforced concrete and wood. The knife link is mated to the first link of the cladding freely by the highlanders. When penetrating into aquifers, the junction is sealed with a gasket (stuffing box). In the case of similar penetrations, the knife part (knife unit) is used multiple times, i.e., it is an inventory. In order to correct the possible deviations of the knife link from the given direction, both in the profile and in the penetration plan, the necessary number of leveling screws or jacks fixed in those je of the knife link and abutted against the end of the first section of the liner are installed.

The cladding is pre-fabricated as individual links with a length of 2-4 m. But the cross section is not limited by either size or shape. The outer surface of the links must be strictly maintained according to the project and have a smooth surface. Hydraulic jacks 7 installed in the working chamber (mine) 2 are used to push the links. The pressure of the jacks of the pa link is carried out through a pressure ring having support points for the jacks. Pressure pipes 8 may be inserted between the pressure ring and the jack, which make it possible to increase the length of the action of the jacks. Hydraulic jacks are used of any type with the obligatory device of devices for returning the rods to their initial position, as well as for synchronizing their operation. To fasten the jacks and strictly fix the location and direction of the axes of the jacks, the fastening frame should be used. The stop, which is located behind the jack fixing frame, takes horizontal forces upon pushing the structure and li must ensure the frame is fixed. Usually it serves as an emphasis) yes, on which the frame of the jacking-up of the jacks can rest directly or, with weak rocks, through a cushion (reinforced concrete, concrete, wood, etc.).

In order to carry out the proposed method, an intermediary serves: 1a, chamber 3, made of iron and located between two areas of the lining. The front part of the intermediate chamber is reinforced (pulled over) in the last link 4 of the front section of the lining. The rear part of the camera is reinforced (pulled over) in the first link of the 5 rear section.

The intermediate chamber is assembled and installed in the working chamber 2 after termination of the first section of the lining adjacent to the knife portion. In the intermediate chamber, hydraulic crates 6 are installed, which push the first front section of the lining together with the link. During the action of the jacks in the intermediate chamber, the jacks of the working chamber 2 and the second section of the lining are 1 fixed and with a stop for the jacks of the intermediate chamber.

Upon completion of pushing the first section of the lining onto the pitch of the jacks 6 (Fig. 2 and 5), the pressure in them closes the opening of the taps; jacks 7 are actuated in the working chamber, the second section of the lining is pushed onto the jacks pitch; thereby, the stock jacks 6 in the intermediate chamber become reset to their original position (Fig. 3 N 6); again jacks 5 and so on are turned on. If it is not necessary to: 1 penetrate the tunnel by pushing more than two sections, then an intermediate chamber is installed between each section (Fig. 1); The technological process described above is invariably repeated for this case.

During pushing through the lining, mining is done in the face (in the knife section).

Practically, it is necessary to reach such a speed of advancement of the lining, at which the transport capacity of the breed will be removed from the structure to the dump.

Depending on the strength of the breed, you develop it with 11.1 and another zglom natural repose.

In the presence of quicksand, fluids should be kept under pressure and the rock should be released through the periodical openable windows of the closed knife link.

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. Soloing tunnels with the nominal indentation and prota.klkp; 5ani into the soil of the tunnel lining with jacks, with the simultaneous development of the soil in the bottomhole, deviating w; and with the fact that, in order to increase the possible length of penetration from one place between the separate LP1 facing sections, additional jacks are installed, which are used for the successive pushing of the tunnel facing into parts. 2. A device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that between the pushed portions of the cladding are installed toner left-side chambers, which are used to install jacks in them. - 3 - № 6-185