SU61467A1 - Device for automatically transferring words from one line to another from a typewritten original - Google Patents

Description

The automatic calculation of the length of a typewritten line until now required the participation of a person to determine the place of word transfer when moving to the next line. This made it necessary for a number of automated printing processes to pre-rewrite the original over the counter.

The proposed device allows these processes to be carried out according to a regular original, automatically installed for a given string format that word or part of it that can be transferred to another line in accordance with established rules. At the same time, the device allows recording the remainder of the line up to the format (in various units of measurement). Such a device, in addition to automatic dialing directly from the original, will allow dialing on all bukvonobornyh machines without first counting the original for subsequent shutdown.

The original from the beginning of the line is counted by the photoelectric

counter. The string is counted not only by the width of the letters, but also by the number of letters counted in the string.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device and the wiring diagram; in fig. 2 - variants of current closure with different combinations of transferred letters; in fig. 3- main switch; in fig. 4 is a diagram of the hexagon of the transfer, i.e. the mechanism providing the combinations of vowels and consonants necessary for the transfer, and FIG. 5 - chain closing mechanism at the nodes of the transfer hexagon.

The main counting device (Fig. 1) is built as a row length counter, in which the current pulse gives no key pressed, but the positive image of the letter coincides with its negative image, according to the method described in the automatic dialing device (see authorship certificate A 53324 ).

On a transparent roller B, a typewritten original 5 is strengthened, written on a transparent material. Roller B is mounted on a carriage moved by the same

the distance by the mechanism 25 with the help of the pawl 26 controlled by the electromagnet 27.

Above the roller B, a transparent cylinder 12 is placed, continuously rotating at a set speed determined by the required counting speed. On the cylinder 12, negative images of typewritten letters are annularly printed. The letters are reduced by five to ten times so that they are located on a relatively small circumference of cylinder 12 (for the sake of clarity of the drawing, cylinder 12 is disproportionately increased). The main count comes from the letter IV ring of the cylinder 12. At the ends of the cylinder there are other metal rings 6 and 19, the contacts of which are arranged in order to position them against the movable contact 8 of the same letter, which is opposed to the original 5 at this moment.

The positive letter on the original 5 is opposed to the ring IV in the diaphragm. To match the size of the negative letters on ring IV, there is an optical system 13. Inside the transparent roller B there is a photocell 14 connected to an electromagnet 4. If the letter of the original coincides with a negative on a rotating ring IV, the photocell, usually illuminated by a lamp 11, will go out and turn on electromagnet 4, which through pin 8 and its font key 9 will close the current to the counter 10.

The scale of the counter 10 before work begins is set to the format in certain units of measurement. Each time the contact 8 is closed, the absolute width of the letter is subtracted from the number corresponding to the format, which allows you to create replaceable font keys.

Carriage movement is controlled by a rotating current chopper 28. At each break, mechanism 25 moves one gap and contrasts ring IV with a new letter. The time of one revolution of the transparent cylinder 12 is equal to the time of movement of the carriage by one division.

The current interrupter 28 is simultaneously a counter for the number of characters per line and is set at the beginning of operation to the average received number of characters plus check characters.

Thus, at the end of the line, i.e., four characters before the average, when a signal is usually given in writing and typesetting machines, on the scale of the counter 10 in absolute numbers can be seen the rest of the line up to the established format.

The transfer control mechanism consists of three rings I, II, and HI located on the same cylinder 12 as ring IV. They bear the same negative images of letters as on ring IV.

The distance of the ring (from ring IV) is six typewritten letters, the rings // are five, the rings I / are four. Against each of these rings, there is an optical system and a photocell, just like the ring IV. The ring 19 has the same device as the ring, 6, but has four groups of contacts corresponding to a space, numbers, consonant and vowel letters.

In addition, three electromagnet 1, 2, 3, powered by photocells of the rings /, //, ///, are mounted so that their contacts 20, 21, 22 fall over the same surface of the ring 19. Thus, when darkened the photocell 17 is locked for contact 20; when darkening photocell 16 - contact 22 when darkening photocell 15 - contact 21. The last two connection diagrams of contacts 21, 22 due to their complete analogy with the first one are not shown in the drawing. The solid text is associated with contact group 23, 24.

The photocell 14 is included in the circuit through the contact fingers 30 and 31 of the main switch 32 (see Fig. 1 and 3). Through the finger 31 of the main switch 32 is turned on the electromagnet 27 in the same circuit with the counter-switch 28 (Fig. 1). Consequently, if the finger 31 held by the latch 48 comes off its place will be turned off

photocell 14 and carriage electromagnet 27. The system will be locked. In this condition, it will remain until finger 31, making a full circle, returns under latch 48 and unlocks the system.

The latch 48 is lifted by the electromagnet 29 at the moment when the count of the breaker 28 reaches the specified number of letters. Specifically, when the line includes 64 characters, the stop will be made on the 60th character (face - 64, control -66). The arrow of the breaker 28, reaching 60, will close the current to the electromagnet 29, which will lift the latch 48. The finger 31, which is all the time on the platoon, will start moving at the same speed as the breaker arrow, i.e. they will simultaneously finish their operations . But due to the interruption of its connection with the electromagnet 27, the interrupter will no longer cause movement of the pawl 26 and the carriage with the original will stand still.

It is necessary that the letters to be transferred do not affect the counter 10 line lengths and that the new movement of the carriage and the operation of counter 10 begin from the moment when the remainder of the word (or the whole word) transferred to another line is separated. This is provided by two mechanisms — a transfer pendant and a main switch.

In each ring there is a group of vowels and consonants. If necessary, one can detail and individualize the reactions, that is, receive impulses not from two, but from a larger number of groups, even from individual letters. We denote the group of vowel letters G by a group of accords - C with indices indicating the number of the ring set (for example, C - rings of //). The six wires that close the circuit of these groups are arranged in space so that combinations of vowels and consonants, forming grammatically correct residues for transfer, ensure the inclusion of the main switch 32, which

25,440

in its turn it provides the corresponding operations of the counter 10. In those cases when such combinations do not give an uninterrupted chain, but, on the contrary, cause its rupture, there will be no counting - these letters will not enter the string. Once the transfer balance has been formed, the switch 32 will provide a count of letters before the start of the count. So, for example, if the remainder forms SdGgSr, the three letters will not be counted and 4-, 5-, and 6- will be counted. The digit on the counter 10 will then show the amount of shutdown. A switch on a generic letter will fall under the latch and restore the main circuit to ring IV and the electromagnet 27 and thereby start the next line's count, as the counter-interrupter 28 starts its work.

The main and particular variants of the current closure are shown in FIG. 2

The arrangement of vowels and consonants in the hexagon, as well as the connection of wires, is shown in FIG. 4. Around the main model, special cases are given for the transport groups.

The points of the hexagon where the vowels and consonants are fixed represent an open contact (see Fig. 5), so that the chain of a wire in the hexagon is established only after the contacts are closed. When the contact is closed, the bark 46 by the electromagnet 35 is drawn into the gap between the plates 38. When the rod 51 is lowered enough, it is caught and held by the electromagnet 45. Current is applied to the electromagnet 45 at the moment of departure of the latch 48 of the main switch. The wipe 51 and the electromagnet 45 are opened when the finger .3 / returns to its initial position (under the latch); then spring 47 returns to the initial position measles 46.

In the first case (Fig. 2), the contact at the ring / is closed at the point G ,, and from the ring // - at the point Cn, and, as can be seen in FIG. 4, their direct connection is established. In the second case, the ring / contact closes on Cj, and from the ring // - on G ...

This, however, does not provide a direct connection, which is obtained only after closing the C3 contact. In the sixth case, for example, from the ring / contact is closed on G, from the // ring to C. This ensures the restoration of the direct connection. Switching from the /// to Cd ring does not change anything, since there is no combination of wires that includes one circuit. With.

Depending on the need, you can create different combinations of compounds. It is only necessary to ensure the location of the input and output current so that both inputs or outputs are not on the same line.

The task of the main switch 32 is to turn off the carriage and the counter during the formation of the residue for transfer. There are six sections along the switch circumference: four from the beginning of the counting to the edge and two control ones. The first section is associated with a space; the second section with a combination, one third with a combination. and a fourth with a combination. The center and pole sections are always switched to the counter and the carriage or the gap finder. In front of the first and third sections there are terminations of wires to photocells 17, 16, 15 and electromagnets 1, 2, 3 of the corresponding rings. The finger 31 when moving closes their chain. For example, when the contact 55 is closed, the photocell 17, n |) turns on and the electromagnet / attracts the contact 20 coincides and through the ring 19 closes the circuit of contact 23 (if the letter agrees) or contact 24 (if the letter is a vowel), and then in the transfer hexagon, respectively electromagnets 55 or 57. At this point, the carriage is still in place, and the photocell 14 of the counter 10 is turned off. Closing one contact in a hexagon does not restore the connection, because one letter is removed from the account.

At the point 52 of the switch (FIG. 3), a similar process will occur from the photocell 16. As a result, the second is closed in the hexagon

contact. If it is a combination of CjCj or, then the main switch will be included in the circuit of the carriage electromagnet 27 and the photocell of the counter. As a result, the second letter (Cj or TI) will be taken into account, and the remainder will contain only one letter (C, or G.,). If this letter is at the end or at the beginning of a word, then moving or leaving one letter warns the seeker of the space. Since the second, third and fourth sections 40, 53, 41 of the switch are connected to C and G (from the hexagon), and the electromagnet 45 ensures that the circuit is inserted before the finger 31 returns to the latch, all subsequent letters are already counted and remain on the first line .

If two letters go into the transfer, then section 53 is inserted into the circuit in a similar pattern, as shown in FIG. 3, and the score begins with the third letter.

Both mechanisms described ensure that the balance we have taken into account does not fall into the account and that, minus the remaining six letters remaining in the line, are taken into account and subtracted from the line format by the counter.

If the space is a pole (letter), then it falls into the first section. The space has its direct connection to turn on the switch to the circuit on the carriage and the counter and has its own electromagnet 45. If a space enters the ring or / and //, the switch 32 switches to the breaker 28 from the first letter (section 40). The space is not taken into account and does not affect the amount of shutdown.

If the space falls on the ring //, then it comes to the group of consonants (C), which provides it with a connection (Fig. 4), as in the case when the vowel T is removed from the first wheel, so does Cj.

If the space is immediately after the sixth letter, then according to the combination Qr, or., The pole can be shifted. To prevent this error, there is a searcher 49

space (Fig. 1), having only one character. From the inside, it is illuminated and has its own photocell 55, which is switched on to the carriage and counter W only if there is a closed circuit corresponding to the CoCi or GgL combination, since the gap finder 49 is included in this circuit, which is closed for it through section 39 (Fig 3). When contacts 33 and 52 are closed with a finger 31, CjCj or is turned on. This establishes the presence of a number of two vowels or consonants (Cj or G on contact 33; C or G on contact 52). When the finger 31 closes section 39, if there is a gap, the photocell will pass the current, move the carriage and subtract the width that is equal to the gap. Thus, if there is a space after the last letter, before the start of movement from section 40, the error will be corrected. If there is no space, then the photocell will be exhausted, the current will not pass through section 39 and the bill will be normal. In another combination, section 39 will not be able to turn on, since this requires a continuous combination of CjCj or.

If the space is in front of the first letter of the word that remains untranslated while the remaining letters of the rest word fall into the transfer, then another letter must be added to the transfer remainder and the first line ends with a space. This is accomplished by the photocell 56 included in the circuit or G., G, then the counter does not subtract, but adds. This process is controlled by a gap finder 50 located adjacent to the ring I / (Fig. 1) on the main switch section (Fig. 3).

Punctuation marks, located under any ring, are included in the group of spaces, i.e., switch 32 is transferred to the first letter and is counted directly through the font key by the counter 10 in absolute width. The digits of the number following the word behave just like the spaces in any ring.

The transfer mark in the typewritten line gives an impulse to the mechanism for transferring the platen from the original to the next line using the pawl 18 (Fig. 1) and to return the carriage to the beginning of the next typewritten line. Since such a transition requires a little more time, the current interrupter 28 resumes its operation at the beginning of the next line. This is accomplished by including an electromagnet in the circuit that stops the movement of the arrow of the chopper 28.

The transfer mark in the printed line should not cause carriage movement, but only receive its counting on the counter 10. To do this, there is a contact 55 on the main switch 32, up to the latch, which deducts the transfer width through the font key. In order that the contact closure does not take place when the line ends with a space, contact 58 is included in the transfer hexagon circuit at the current output points C ,, G.,. The hyphenation mark is subtracted from the string format only if any letters fall within the scope of the switch. In the case of a space, the score ends with the last letter or punctuation mark.

If there is an incomplete line, then in the typewritten original in each such line the last word must end with a hyphen or symbol to move to a new line in the set.

In order for the counter not to show an abnormal shutdown (i.e., a large remainder of the format due to an incomplete line), at the end of the incomplete line (i.e., after the hyphenate), a symbol is inserted that discards all digits of the counter.

The mixed set, i.e., changing the font keys and changing the range of movement of the arrow in the counter of the interrupter 28, is controlled by conventional signs providing zero changes or stopping the machine in order to make the necessary permutations by hand. Discharge in a typewritten original is also done by installing conventional symbols.

The device works as follows. The font key 9 is installed according to the pin, the headset and the dialing method, and the number of medium-sized characters per line in the breaker counter 28 is set. The original on the transparent material is set to the beginning of the line so that the first space (or letter) is in the diaphragm against ring IV . The cylinder 12 is started. The counting is turned on and at the same time the counter-breaker 28 is started. All further processes occur automatically before the end of the machine-written page.

The reset of the counter 10 to the format occurs at the moment when the finger 31 returns to the latch 48, if these readings are not used by the compositor. Otherwise, the counters at this point stop their work and resume it only after the typesetter has used the off-size indication. In this case, the typesetter itself resumes push-button operation of the device. -It starts typing the line after it is counted. By pressing the power key, it automatically resumes counting the next line, and so on.

Subject invention

Claims (3)

1. Device for automatic word wrap from one line to another from a typewritten original using a photocell, reduced type images of a typewriter on a continuously rotating cylinder and positive images of letters printed on a transparent material, different from the use of negative images of typewritten letters, setting rings I, II, III with photocells 17, 16 and 15 below them and electromagnets 1, 2, 3 with contacts 20, 21, 22 for switching on through the distribution mechanism and the main switch of the carriage system for the typewritten original 5 and the counter 10 of length lines in order to put them into action only at the moment of forming the remainder of the letters to be transferred (Fig. 1). 2. In the device of claim 1, a distribution mechanism, characterized in that it is made in the form of a contact hexagon 44 included in a common circuit of electromagnets 1, 2, 3 - switch 32 so as to obtain appropriate combinations of vowels and consonant letters for grammatically correct transfer . 3. In the device of claim 1, a device for warning a transfer error, consisting of stationary finders 49 and 50 for gaps, illuminated by 55 c photocells. 56 and included through the switch on the carriage and the counter (Fig. 1). JO : i ;: 4fi r; CWTf   56) i h 2) 2L m23 19, 2 c, o i t A D o d  a Cz D W P D G D D a D D d FIG. four.