SU59321A1 - The content of the continuous path - Google Patents

Description

The main obstacle to the widespread use of a continuous joint with rigid fastening of rail lashes is the inevitability of the occurrence in rail lashes of very significant (up to 2000 kg / cm-) temperature stresses corresponding to the full amplitude of temperature fluctuations. Such high temperature stresses make it necessary to significantly increase the strength of the track, ophthalmically increase the weight of the rails to resist the joint action of the moving load and the tensile temperature stresses at low temperatures and the entire upper structure to increase the stability of the track under compressive temperature stresses at high temperatures. . In addition, the presence of high compressive and tensile stresses in rails x causes considerable difficulties in laying, repairing and maintaining such a path.

In the proposed method of maintaining the continuous path, the very possibility of the occurrence of the greatest temperature forces corresponding to the highest and lowest temperature during the year is eliminated and conditions are created under which the temperature forces and stresses turn out to be within the pre-set limits so narrow that and avoid difficulties in its installation, maintenance and repair.

The attached drawing illustrates a method of containing a path according to the invention, with FIG. 1 depicts the layout of the slug track; FIG. 2 and 3 - installation of anti-theft devices in two projections and FIG. 4 is a graph of temperature stresses in rails.

The construction of the superstructure of the jointless path consists of welded rail lashes 1-1 long from 500 to 1000 m and compensators of elongations 2-2 of the type of balancing sharps with a spacing of sharks from 35 to 50 cm.

Anti-theft hurdles 3-3 of bolted type with a horizontal bar are mounted on the middle part of the rail lashes with two opposing pairs on the sleeper; the distance between the sleepers' axes, in which the anti-theft devices are installed, takes from 3 to 5 m, and in all the boxes between the sleepers, throughout the middle part of the whip, wooden

placements 4. As a roadway fastener with reduced resistance to shear of rails on linings, either ordinary screw fasteners are used, leaving a gap of 2-3 mm between the head screw and the rail bottom or screw fasteners with extension rings (fig. 2 and 3), consisting of horizontal 2 korea, bolt stranglegs 3 and snap-in rings 6, put on screws 5, which include: rail 1 to the sleeper.

Laying of lambs along a continuous path can be done at any time of the year and at any temperature. Regulation is the dissolution of temperature stresses when laying the jointless path in the middle zone of the USSR with an amplitude of rail temperature of 100 ° - made 4 times a year: in summer at a temperature of rails + 35 °, autumnEO at - - 10 °, in winter at - 15 ° and in spring at + 10 °. From the graph (Fig. 4) it can be seen that the indicated temperatures, located on the middle line of the graph, are average daily temperatures from maximum and minimum temperatures that are observed during the day (for example, for periods of September - November, March - May, temperature 10 ° is the average of - | -35 ° and -15 °). When dissolving at these temperatures, the voltages in the rails are not higher than 625 kg / cm.

The most dissolution of temperature stresses is made as follows: when the temperature approaches, the anti-theft ears disintegrate, receivers gradually from the ends of the whip to the middle, by unscrewing the nuts of the bolts, are loosened. rails and with such a polishing of. tracks are passing trains. The thermal stresses available in the rail braids, under the influence of a moving load, are greatly reduced by changing the length of the braids and advancing the edges of the expansion joints,; After skipping several trains, when the temperature stresses become close to zero, the anti-theft spreaders move to the cross ties and re-fasten until the next voltage release period. Observations on the magnitude of the temperature stresses in the rail straps of the axle rail are either based on preset gauges or according to the size of the expansion of the edges of the expansion joint or on the deformometer, on pre-set marks on the neutral axis of the rails.

The work of dissolving stresses 4 times a year, consisting in loosening the nuts of anti-theft safety bolts and then after dissolving in their fastening, requires extremely insignificant expenditure of labor and does not cause any difficulties in the movement of trains.

FIG. Figure 4 shows a graph of the variation in temperature stresses of a continuous joint with a length of lashes of 500 m with the anti-theft of the middle part fixed at 300 m in length and with a static value, without the effect of a moving load, of heat resistance c. 3 kg / m.

From this graph it can be seen that by reducing the dissolution 4 times a year to a zero value, the temperature stresses in the rail bands cannot exceed 625 kg / cm, and taking into account the inevitable deviations of 700-750 kg / cm

Such a maximum possible non-repetitive temperature stress does not cause the need to increase the strength and stability of the currently used reconstructed path, as always. possible in the usual way with joints.

Both the total length of the welded lashes to be laid and the length of the end sections that are not secured with anti-thefts depend on the linear resistance to shear of the rails along the linings and the size of expansion of the expansion joint. The smaller the linear resistance, and the greater the expansion of the expansion joint, the more it can be. the total length of welded lashes and the length of the coad sections that are not fixed by anti-thefts.

If the continuous path is laid in a section with an autoblock, a groove, insulating joints are arranged between two fixed and sharp points of adjacent expansion joints; with this arrangement

the insulating joint impact of longitudinal efforts on it is extremely small and its work proceeds in better conditions than insulating joints in the Oi6bi4HOM path with the joints.

The subject matter of the invention.

The method of maintaining a continuous track of long welded rail lashes with compensators of varying length, characterized in that, in order to limit the maximum temperature stresses in the rails to a predetermined limit, regardless of the temperature at which the laying occurred, fixed in the longitudinal direction of the rail lash seasonally . several times a year, they are released from fixation, the mobile load is skipped to minimize the temperature stresses of the rail and, when the temperature is set depending on the time of the year, is fixed again.

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