SU591495A1 - Metal cutting coolant - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to the machining of metals by cutting and can be used in mechanical engineering, aviation and others.

It is known: the use in the cutting of aluminum and its alloys as a lubricant-cooling medium: an alloy of tin, lead, cadmium and bismuth in the molten state {l. However, such a medium cannot be used for cutting hardened armor steels .. -. . . -.

It is also known to use for cutting alloyed steels, copper and its alloys as a coolant medium of an alloy of tin and lead in the molten state 2. However, this medium can also not be used when cutting hardened steels.

The use of these media in drilling, alloyed steels and aluminum alloys allows us to intensify the drilling process: at the same time, the drilling speed increases, the power and power cutting parameters are reduced, and the tool life (drill bits) increases significantly.

The facilitation and intensification of the drilling process is due to the adsorption decrease in the strength and plasticity of solids / under; the action of the liquid of surface-active metals (the Rebinder effect).

The phenomenon of adsorption decrease in cutting strength (drilling) in a liquid metal surfactant medium consists in fine grinding of the chips and simultaneous significant reduction of the cutting forces, while cutting in any other non-metallic medium or inactive Metal medium is accompanied by the formation of drain type chips in the form of long spiral bands and significant cutting forces.

Claims (2)

The selective ability of liquid metallic media of tallic media, i.e., the ability to cause $ pc not to cause adsorption strength reduction, depends on the particular solid metal, its chemical and phase composition and structural state, therefore, for cutting a given solid metal, individually select the most effective liquid metal environments. Thus, it has been established experimentally that the above compositions of liquid metal lubricant-coolants do not ensure the formation of finely shredded chips and a decrease in cutting forces when machining holes in hot-rolled steel, therefore they cannot be used for this purpose. The use of known mediums during drilling: hardened armor steels ensures that chips are crushed and the cutting effort is reduced. However, known media have an increased activity to the tool material, which reduces the resistance of the drills. In order to improve the durability of the cutting tool, the proposed cooling lubricant based on tin melt additionally contains a bismuth melt in the amount of 55-62 wt.%. To compare the effectiveness of different coolant cooling media, tests were conducted. Metal alloys were melted using a special electric heater with a thermostat. The holes were drilled in parts (166 mm thick) from hardened armor steels with VK10M spiral carbide drills (5.3 mm diameter). The tests were carried out at the processing of steel G. 150 and 200 kg / mm - with the following cutting mode: V 18.3 m / m $ 0, .056 mm / rev. The following alloys were selected as the test samples: Sample number S-Bi, wt.% For comparison, tin-lead-cadmium-bismuth melt (Sample No. 8) and olovine ovine melt (sample 9) were used. The test results are shown in table. The table shows that the most effective coolant is the tin-bismuth melt. Isprl-. Yawning the proposed smearing-cooling medium as compared with the well-known medium makes it possible to increase the drill resistance and the productivity of the drilling process through the use of increased cutting conditions. Claims: Cleansing-cutting medium; metals containing molten tin, which is so that, in order to increase the durability of the cutting tool, the medium additionally contains bismuth melt in the amount of 55-62 wt.%. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Author's certificate 340683 / cl. C 10 M 77b2, 1 & 72. 2. Certificate of authorship 354189, cl. S YuM 7/02, 1972.