SU572208A3 - Detergent - Google Patents

Description

(54) WASHING MEDIUM

salt or partial ester of aliphatic saturated or unsaturated, - substituted or unsubstituted trsarboxylic acid C, -C ,, and a water-soluble alkyl- alkyl salt of alkylarylsulfonic acid with 1–12 atomaksh or hydrochloric, chloric, nitrogenous, sulfamic, with brothsilicone, or hydrochloric, chloric, nitrogenous, sulfamic, with brothsilicone or hydrochloric, chloric, nitrogenous, sulfamic, with broths or hydrochloric, hydrochloric, nitrous, sulfamic, with hyaluronic acid, or with hydrochloric, chloric, nitrate, sulfamic, with broth, or with hydrochloric, hydrochloric, nitrous, sulfamic, and halogenous, nitrous, or hydrochloric; acid at followucets ratio mwcc components wt.%.:

PAV5-50

A water-soluble salt of aliphatic onalushenic acid, substituted or unsubstituted monocarboxylic acid. C, -H ,,, or a water-soluble salt or partial ester of aliphatic acid, unsaturated, replaced by unsubstituted acid carbohydrate G, -Captured, uncoupled, unsaturated, replaced by unsaturated, unsubstituted dichinic acid ester, Cy-4; partial ester of aliphatic saturation of unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted 1-carboxylic acid

Szh: ,, 10-60

A water-soluble salt of alkyl-, aripyl-yl alkylaryl sulphonic acid with 1-12 carbon atoms or hydrochloric, chloric, nitric, sulfur; in fammon (oh, sulfuric sulphurous or

sulfuric acid up to 100

It is advisable to use surfactants for washing detergent, possessing low sensitivity to calcium ions and water soluble salts with stronghold ions not capable of forming calcium and / or magnesium precipitates under rinsing conditions wlwrn. With careful selection of components, there is no need for the introduction of strong complexing agents that bind calcium and magnesium ions.

At st} fke in very hard water (high concentration of calcium and magnesium ions) the introduction into the composition of such known anionic surfactants as alkane, dodecylbenzene, a-olefin and lauryl sulfonate is impractical (the solubility product is very small).

The amount of carbonates present in hard water is not enough to increase the solubility product in these systems.

The composition of the proposed detergent includes substances whose complexing ability with calcium ions, magnesium and other metals is zero or very small.

Due to the greater freedom of choice of components, it is possible to make perfectly harmless detergents.

The surfactants that are part of the proposed detergent should consist, in whole or in base, of electroneegral polar W / W and / or carboxylic acids, condensed with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide.

Representative electroneutral polar surfactants are aliphatic, aromatic

Шш alkylaromatic compounds containing at least one active hydrogen atom, condensed with ethylene oxide and / or propylene, copolymers of propylene oxide and ethylene (Spluronic), derivatives of carbohydrates condensed with oxide of ethylene and / or propylene, products of interaction of alkylenediamine and ethylene oxide and / or propylene fatty acid mono or diethanolamides, phosphine oxide, amines oxides, containing more than eight carbon atoms, and compounds with

0 amphoteric ions.

Nonionic aliphatic ztoxylated surfactants are most preferred.

In addition to the above-mentioned surfactants, up to 10% of other types of surfactants can be added to the detergent.

For example, for example, they sell a shiny gloss, gloss or softness.

Of such surfactants yew mozhn9 called soap ZH1FNYH acids kationnyu, ampholytic and sinteti0 cal anionic surfactants, for example aliphatic efnry phosphoric acid .sulfonaty or sulfates of aliphatic, aromatic and alkylaromatic compounds with one or more sulphate shsh sulfonate group in the molecule.

five

As fillers, compounds that do not form a precipitate with calcium and magnesium ions, or form a precipitate, which can easily be dissolved or dissolved in rinsing, for example, water-soluble salts, can be used.

0 alkyl-, fil- or alkylaryl sulphonic acids with 1-12 carbon atoms or hydrochloric, chloric, nitric, sulphamic, sulfurous or sulfuric acid, water-soluble salts of aliphatic saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted, linear or branched monocarboxylic acids C, unsubstituted or substituted, linear or branched monocarboxylic acids C, unsubstituted or substituted, linear or branched monocarboxylic acids C, unsaturated or unsubstituted or substituted, linear or branched monocarboxylic acids Ci 1, water-soluble salts or partial esters of aliphatic saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted dicarboxylic acid, water soluble salts or partial esters of saturated or unsaturated, frozen or unsubstituted t ikarbonovoy acid C, -C, j.

The number of carbon atoms that make up the filler should be such that the formed calcium and magnesium salts are dissolved in water during washing. This number depends on the position of the carboxyl groups and hydrophilic substituents. For example, for unsubstituted monocarboxylic acid, for dicarboxylic acid without hydrophilic substituents with carboxy groups in the positions alpha, beta or alpha, gamma and for tricarboxylic acid without gvdrofilnyh substituents, the number of carbon atoms should not exceed 12,14 and 18, respectively.

five

Other types of organic substances can also be added to the detergent, for example disaccharides, ethylene and propylene glycols, diethylene or; polypropylene glycols with a molecular weight of 200-6000, ethylene, propylene, or butyl and glycol, ethers, C, -C, j aliphatic hydrocarbons, C, -C, aliphatic hydrocarbons.

For example, phosphoric acid derivatives, aosh1 phosphates, aminopolycarboxylates, such as NTA and EDTA, starch derivatives, polymers or

Schroeders of carboxylic acids with amine hydroelectric.

In the examples given, polyglycolic ether of fatty acid with different content of carbon atoms in the chain and with different number of ethylene oxide molecules is used as surfactant (see Table 1).

Table

Mockade action of the federation spred nkg by washing artificially contaminated fabric 1 refeld (50 cm piece piece) in a Thrg-0 meter at 85 ° C and 50 rpm for 15 minutes. After washing in 1 liter of the solution, pour it out, rinse the fabric in 1 liter of water for 1 minute and repeat the rinse four times.

Reflection is used to convert to black (Kf) according to the Kubelka-Munk method using an Elrehothotometer with a standard whose whiteness is 26D

-23,2 -

--19,719,122,1

1.9-- -4.8

-4,64,84,65,5

1.0-- -3.5-4.34.026, 629.430.8 -34.6

1,01,11.11,11,3

9,215,516,220,618,2

3.61.61.7 -1.8

0.91,01,11,01,2

1,2--1,51,7

3.9-- -

It is 80% of the whiteness of magnesium oxide, and P46 (Hmax max 460 mmk). After washing and drying, the oraction is again measured and converted to black (Ke). The detergent action (the amount of uffiHHog fz) in percent is determined by the equation: (K | -Ke)

----100

f

Example. Gottsh t detergents, the composition of which is given in table. 2

Table 2

Sodium chloride

Shrcarbamide

CMC

Urea

Optical bleach

Colloidal silica

Sack

Sodium carbonate

acids

Water The detergent action of formula A (concentration 5 g / l) is 80%. When 0.5 g of sodium soap of fatty acid of solid or alkanesulfoch is added to it, it decreases to 77.6 or 68.3%, respectively. The detergent action of agent B (concentration 4 g / l) when washing in water of different hardness is not meshed. For the fave in table. Figure 3 shows the change in the washing effect of the known phosphate-based detergents with non-ionic surfactants (agent E), on the basis of NTA (medium), on the basis of phosphate with a mixture of non-ionic, synthetic anionic surfactants and misha (formula I) and on the basis of sodium citrate (agent K ). The determination of the ash content of the detergents is carried out in a Terg-0 meter at 85 ° C, using

Detergent

BUT

95.0% A + 5.0% sodium silicate

(SiO, / Na, 0 3.2)

B

B, but with the replacement of percarbamide

perborate sodium

B, but with the replacement of percarbamide

percarbonate

0,80,90,81,0

11,011,511,0

1.71.81.72.0

4.00, 500.450,290,70

1.51.51.0

0,90,10,10,1

--29,2

2,92,61,83,9

Table 4

Content

ash%

0.02

0.76 0.30

0.58 1.44 each experiment three clean pieces of cotton material 150 cm in size, 1 liter of water with a hardness of 20 dH and 7 g / l of detergent. Mix and dissolve the detergent in water at 20 ° C, add the tested materials, heat the solution to 85 ° C for 10 minutes, wash them in a Turg 0 meter for 5 minutes at a speed of 50 rpm, drain 800 ml of the solution , pour 800 ml of water (20 C, hardness 20 ° dH) and rinse in a Terg-0 meter for 1 min. 800 ml of the solution is replaced with 800 ml of water (20 ° C) and again rinsed in a Turg 0-meter for 1 minute. Rinse in fresh water is repeated four times. After the last rinse, samples of the material are at room temperature, st1fakp and half life. Ten wash-rinses are performed. After the last rinse, the cake is 2 hours; at 90 ° C, cooled in a desiccator filled with silica gel, and burned at. The ash content at the total concentrations is determined by the equation: where Vf and Ve are the weights before and after combustion, respectively. The ash content should not exceed 0.5% for commercial detergents. The results are shown in Table. four.

Detergent

AT

97.5% B + 2.5% sodium metasilicate 95.0% B + 5.0% sodium metasilicate 82.5% B + 12.5% sodium sulfate 70.0% B -) 30.0% ttri sulfate, G with sodium salt of adipic acid

maleic wine o-phthalic

sebacic

D

82.0% D + 18.0% potassium persulfate

82% D 18.0% percarbamide

To determine the corrosion of a plate (5O О 100 mm, thickness 0.1 mm) of brass electrolytically coated with copper, boil in ethanol, rinse with desalted water, dry for 1 hour E zhafu at 110 ° C, cool in a desiccator, filled with ci- with silica gel, shaken to an accuracy of OD mg and secured in an SS316 stainless steel circular holder. In each holder, two plates were fixed at a distance of 10 cm from each iipyra and 5 cm from the center of the holder. The holder is immersed in an aqueous solution of a detergent (concentration 7 g / l, water hardness 4.5 ° dH), heated to 85 ° C for 15 min l of a temper with a brush at a speed of 210 rpm for 30 minutes, maintaining temperature 80 ± 3 ° С .; Then the plates are rinsed with desalted water, dried and vented (sak before processing).

The results of the experiments are given in table. five.

Table 5.

Example 2. For the purpose of liquid detergent use, sutog {in Cs): 15, OilAfJ NM 12.0

Continuation of table 4

Ash content,%

0.30 1.60 2.10 0.32 0.38

0.40 0.20 0.40 0.50

0.40 0.40

0.40 0.40

disodium adipipate, 0.5 optical takeoff / shvat, 0.5 otduigki, 2.0 polyvinylpyrrolidone, 20.0 ethanol and 50.0 water or 2.5 surfactant No. 3, 9.0 dimethyl adipate, 11.0 in ethylene glycol, 6, 0 ethoxylated alkylolamide, 0.35 optical blender, 1.65 half-vinyl pyrrolidone, 0.5 perfume, and 46.5 ethanol.

Froze Brightening liquid contains (in%): 7.0 PLV No. 5, 2.0 a; kilolamide, 3.0 chatri acetate, 5.0 disodium succinate, 0.2 ammonia (ammonia), 9.0 isopropanol, 0.1 odorants and 73.7 water.

Example 4. For the preparation of a liquid dishwashing detergent, use is made (in%): 20.0 surfactant No. 4, 10.0 ethoxylated alkylolamide, 4.5 amine oxides, 3.0 disodium yonaconate, 0.3 perfume, 0.01 dye, 15.0 ethanol and 47.19 water.

PRI me R 5. Means for washing machines contains (in%): 0.5 Pluronic L62, 30.5 disodium maleate, 46.0 disodium tartrate, 20.0 sodium acetate, 2.0 dichloroisocyanurate potassium, and 1.0 CMC .

Example 6: To prepare a detergent, take (in%): 21.3 ethoxylated acids of solid Cyr with 10 mol of ethylene oxide per 1 mol of fatty acid, 3.1 distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.7 triethanolamide of fatty acid soap solid fat, 21.5 sodium propionate, 1, Cha4 - EDTA, 1.5 sodium sulfate, 1.0 magnesium silicate, 1.5 CMC, 0.7 sodium chloride, O, optical shutdown; schwetel, 2.0 colloidal {black earth, 15, .j ammol persulfate, 0.2 and 3.5 water.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Detergent based on a dry active substance containing a filler, tl and chuy with the fact that, with pelo y; Uch-: e | N.ch detergent action and prevention ("Liiiajfcimi in sediment of hardness salts, as a filler, the product contains a water-soluble salt of arsenic {{or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted monocarboxylic acid C, -C ,, or a water-soluble salt or partial ester of an aliphatic saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted dicarboxylic acid, C -Sc, shsh water-soluble salt or incomplete zfir aliphatic saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted tricophonic acid C, -C ,, and a water-soluble salt of alkyl, aryl or alkylarylsulfonic acid with 1 - 12 carbon atoms, or hydrochloric acid, chloric acid, nitric acid, sulfamic, sulfurous or sulfuric acid under the following sootnoschenii between components, wt.%: Surfactant 5-50 Water-soluble salt of aliphatic saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted monocarboxylic acid C, -C ,, or water-soluble salt or partial ester of aliphatic saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted dicarboxylic acid C, -C ,, or water soluble salt or partial ester of aliphatic saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted) tricarboxylic acid C, C.- C. 10-60 Water-soluble salt of alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl sulfonic acid with 1 to 12 carbon atoms or hydrochloric, chloric, nitric, sulfamic, sulfurous or sulfuric acid Up to 100 Sources of information taken into account in the examination: .Patent USA number 3356613, CL. 252-137,1967.