SU560562A1 - The method of seed maize paternal form - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the breeding and seed production of agricultural plants.

There is a known method of seed-growing maize, in which, in order to obtain a paternal form for complex and double interline or sortalinear maize hybrids, elite seeds of the first line are grown for the first two years. In the third year, these self-pollinated lines are crossed and the seeds of a simple interline hybrid (AhB) are obtained. Seed products of simple production are obtained only from plants of the maternal line A. Seeds of self-fertilized line B used as an optics are not used during further seed production and culled for forage purposes. When sowing a hybrid section of a simple hybrid, usually |: 1 or 2: 1, the sown area under the paternal line is respectively 55% or 33%. Due to the relatively low yields of samo-pollinated lines, a larger area of sowing is required when growing seeds of a simple hybrid, as well as high manual labor costs for plant panicles of the Meterinia line A. This leads to exclusion from industrial use.

seed production up to 50% of seed plots.

On the fourth year, the seeds of the hybrid in the second generation multiply. In the fifth year, second generation seeds of a simple hybrid are used as the paternal form of a complex hybrid (11, 2.

A paternal form of maize seed cultivation is proposed, in which, to increase seed collection and reduce the cost of growing them, the paternity uses the seeds of the first generation of a simple hybrid (AHB) and its pollinator — just B, while the maternal and paternal forms are removed together, and the seeds obtained are used as the paternal form of a complex hybrid.

The method is carried out as follows.

In the first two years, elite seeds of self-pollinated lines A and B are grown. For the third year, simple hybrid seeds (AHB) are obtained by crossing the lines. When cleaning a plot with hybridization of a simple hybrid, its paternal form (; shnii B) is removed together with the parent form. Further, this mixture is processed in the usual way and in the fourth year is used as a paternal

forms of interlayer interline or cortisoling hybrids. The combination ability of the paternal LITL is usually the same as the simple hybrid of the first generation obtained with the participation of this line. Therefore, hybrid seeds of a complex hybrid obtained from crossing with such paternal form will be 8–10% more successful than crossing with a simple second generation hybrid.

Example. A hybrid section of a simple hybrid is sown with the placement of the parental series of the most according to the 2: 2 or 4: 2 scheme. During the growing season, varietal weedings are carried out on both parental leaves and tearing off the leaves on the maternal form. Field surveys during the period of castration, field testing and the compilation of relevant documentation are carried out according to the generally accepted methodology.

The two types of parent forms are conducted so that the mechanical mixture is uniform. When additional cleaning and re-packing of cobs, sick, damaged, immature and atypical cobs are rejected. After carrying out barn testing, seed cobs are handed over to the state resource: | ). The mechanical mixture consists of 50-70% of the seeds of a simple first generation hybrid and 30-50% of the first-generation seed.

The proposed method allows for 30–50% increase in the collection of seeds from the hybridization site and, accordingly, decrease the area of sowing and ore costs for cultivation as compared to the production of only seeds of the first generation of simple hybrids.

The seeds of hybrids grown by this method are the same in yield as the seeds of these hybrids obtained by crossing simple hybrids of the first generation.

Zarebkovsky 86MV slobular ptylinear hybrid from crossing a triple hybrid Donetsk 1M with a simple hybrid Spark MB (Vire 26 MB X Vir 27 MB) gave grain, 47.0 p / ha, and when crossing the same hybrid Donetsk Š with July

Vir 27MB - 48.5 c / ha. By plant height, cob height, cob size, grain size and grain color, disease resistance, both hybrids are characterized): rc are the same indicators. Compared to the Hybrid Spark MB, the Vir line 27MB is more resistant to lodging, has good polishing ability, phases. bloom in both forms are the same. The plant height is inferior to the hybrid by 18 cm or

10% for grain yield - by 7.9 centners per hectare or by 17.6%.

Nar Do S; The hybrid Zherebkovsky 86MV seed production using the new method (after preliminary testing) can be carried out with the growing of seed hyorides Dneprovsky 247MB, Dneprovsky 251 MB, Dneprovsky 438TV, Dneprovsky 516, Day | Rovok1n1 562, Vir 355 TV, Vir 359 MB, Moldavian 102 MB and others, which use a simple hybrid Sparkle MB or spark TV in the qualities of the father form.

The proposed method can be applied when

growing other double complex and varietal hybrids.

Claims (2)

1. Khadzhinov M.I. and Galeyev G.S. Corn seed production} is promoted by c improvement., Breeding and seed production, 1973, No. 3. 2. Galeev G.S. Corn ektsn; - achievements and challenges. Proceedings on applied botazke, genetics and selection vol. 53,1974, issue 3, Le1 Shngrad.