SU554513A1

SU554513A1 - Device for measuring the magnetic field strength

Info

Publication number: SU554513A1
Application number: SU2142309A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Сергей Михайлович Васильев
Priority date: 1975-06-09
Filing date: 1975-06-09
Publication date: 1977-04-15

Description

1one

Изобретение относитс к области магнитных измерений.The invention relates to the field of magnetic measurements.

Известно устройство дл измерени напр женности магнитного пол с помощью катушек ПОЛЯ и регистрирующего прибора. Дл измерени напр женности магнитного пол на поверхности ферромагнитных образцов примен ютс катушки с двойной обмоткой, которые подключаютс к регистрирующему прибоРУ 1.A device for measuring the intensity of a magnetic field is known with the aid of FIELD coils and a recording instrument. For measuring the intensity of the magnetic field on the surface of ferromagnetic samples, coils with double winding are used, which are connected to the recording device 1.

Однако известное устройство имеет недостаточно высокую точность измерений.However, the known device has an insufficiently high accuracy of measurements.

С целью повышени точности измерений в предлагаемое устройство дл измерени ве ЛИЧИНЫ напр женности магнитного пол , содержащем измерительную катушку с двум р дами проводов, включенных встречно и расположенных параллельно один к на фиксированном рассто нии, регистрирующий прибор, подключенный к измерительной катушке , намагничивающую катушку, р ды измерительной катушки наматываютс проводом одинаковой ДЛИНЫ и располагаютс на одинаковом рассто нии один от другого в направлении измер емого изменени величины векторного магнитного потенциала, а провод каждого р да проводов располагаетс в точках пространства, где векторый магнитный потенциал имеет одинаковую величину и направлен ВДОЛЬ провода р да.In order to improve the accuracy of measurements in the proposed device for measuring the LICHINA of the magnetic field strength, containing a measuring coil with two rows of wires connected oppositely and arranged parallel to one to a fixed distance, registering device connected to the measuring coil, magnetizing coil, p The meter coil's bridges are wound with a wire of the same length and are located at the same distance from one another in the direction of the measured change in the magnitude of the vector magnet. potential, and the wire of each row of wires is located at points in space, where the vector magnetic potential has the same magnitude and is directed along the wire of the row.

Все тела под вли нием магнитных полей наход тс в некотором состо нии (электротоническом ). Любое изменение магнитного состо ни пространства приводит к изменению состо ни тел, расположенных в этих же точках пространства.All bodies under the influence of magnetic fields are in a certain state (electrotonic). Any change in the magnetic state of space leads to a change in the state of bodies located at the same points in space.

В качестве тела, измен ющего свое состо ние под действием магнитного пол , беретс контур из проводникового материала. В результате изменени величины магнитного пол в точках пространства, где расположен провод контура, измен етс состо ние этого провода , которое можно измерить по количеству электричества, протекающего в проволочном контуре.As a body that changes its state under the action of a magnetic field, a contour of a conductive material is taken. As a result of a change in the magnitude of the magnetic field at the points in the space where the loop wire is located, the state of this wire is changed, which can be measured by the amount of electricity flowing in the wire loop.

При расположении проволочного контура в посто нном магнитном поле все элементарные частички контура наход тс в некотором энергетическом состо нии, которое соответствует магнитному энергетическому состо нию в тех точках пространства, где расположен провод контура. Магнитное энергетическое состо ние в каждой точке пространства молсно характеризовать некоторой потенциальной функцией фм, т. е. магнитным потенциалом.When the wire contour is located in a constant magnetic field, all elementary contour particles are in a certain energy state, which corresponds to the magnetic energy state at those points in space where the contour wire is located. The magnetic energy state at each point in space can be characterized by some potential function of FMs, i.e. magnetic potential.

Claims

Suppose that at every point in space where the loop wire is located, the magnetic potential has the same magnitude. When the magnitude of the magnetic potential varies, either by moving the wire loop into space with a different magnetic potential, or by changing the magnitude of the magnetic potential at the points of the stationary loop, a certain amount of electricity Q flows through the source of the magnetic field in the circuit wire, which is proportional to the difference in energy states at space points where the coitour wire is located, i.e. the difference of the magnetic potentials Q -. (fM ,, E), (1) whereK. - coefficient is proportional (pMji; - fm., E is the difference of magnetic potentials at the points of the contour wire location. Provided that the magnetic potential is assumed to be zero when there are no sources of a magnetic field near the point in question, then when the magnetic potential changes from zero to a certain FM2 it can be determined by the equation. (2) wherein the amount of electricity is proportional to the total magnetic potential along the entire length of the loop wire. To determine the magnetic potential in a certain The space around the source of the magnetic field must divide the amount of electricity by the length of the conductor LQ Cf u -j In a potential magnetic field, the intensity of the magnetic field I is equal to the gradient of the magnetic potential grad9M. (4) If you measure the change of the magnetic potential in one direction, for example the direction X , then equation (4) can be written in the following form, dx where X is a unit vector in the direction of measurement. On the basis of equation (5), the magnitude of the intensity is determined by the approximately the following equation, Mj-Tma, the distance between the measuring points of the magnitude of the magnetic potential. The change in the magnitude of the magnetic potential by measuring the distance on Al; can be measured with a racket of two rows of conductors. included counter that are connected to a ballistic galvanometer. In the drawing, the circuit diagram of the proposed device is given. The device consists of a measuring coil 1 with two rows of wires connected in opposite. The rows are made of wire of the same length and are located at a fixed distance from one another. The measuring coil is positioned in such a way that the line connecting these rows is directed in the direction of the measured magnetic field strength vector, and the wire of each row is located at points of equal magnetic potential. The measuring coil, in the circuits of which an adjustable resistor 2 and shunt switch 3 is connected, is connected to the registering device 4. The magnetization coil 5 is a source of a magnetic field. for adjusting the direct current therein, which is monitored by an ammeter 8; ; The process of measuring the dimension with the device is as follows. A fixed amount of current is set in the magnetizing coil 5. If the source of the magnetic field is a permanent magnet, it is located inside the measuring coil 1. The current is switched by switching 6 from zero to a fixed value, or the permanent magnet is removed from the measuring coil to a region of space where its effect on the roller does not affect. During the change of the magnetic field, readings of the recording device are measured, which determine the magnitude of the magnetic field strength. Thus, due to the new design of the measuring coil in the proposed device, the accuracy of measurements is improved. The intensity of the magnetic field is determined by measuring the magnetic potential in the measured direction, therefore, the direction in which the intensity vector is measured is determined by the line connecting the rows of wires. The row wire is located at the points of the magnetic potential. Without this word, it is impossible to accurately measure the magnitude of the magnetic potential at the points where the wires of each row are located, and therefore, it is impossible to accurately measure the magnitude of the magnetic field. In the proposed measuring coil, the disposition of the wires of the rows relative to the source of the magnetic field is precisely determined. The invention The device for measuring the intensity of the agnitic field, containing a measuring device with two rows of wires connected oppositely and arranged parallel to each other at a fixed distance, registering a device connected to the measuring coil, magnetizing winding, characterized in that measuring accuracy, the rows of the measuring coil are wound with a wire of the same length and are located at the same distance from one another in the direction of the measured change ins magnetic vector potential, and a wire kazhlDogo row disposed at points in space where the magnetic vector potential is of the same magnitude and directed along wires row. The source of information taken into account in the examination: 1. I. I. Kiefer, “Testing of ferromagnetic materials, Moscow, 1969, pp. 95-97. Prototype.