SU54900A1 - Horizontal forging machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a type of horizontal forging machines, provided with a transverse slider, driven from the main shaft of the machine.

The proposed forging machine is intended primarily for the mass production of railway crutches by the method of hot stamping, and is also suitable for the manufacture of products with a complex surface, and is aimed at concentrating all the manufacturing operations of products in one machine.

In the forging machine according to the invention, an additional slider is placed inside the drive main slider, which is under the action of a toggle gear, adjustable

.. by means of a spring fixed to the machine frame, and used to prevent the cross slide drive from failures when the machine is overloaded.

A mechanism consisting of horizontally movable cutting dies driven by means of levers pivotally connected to a slider, which is transmitted periodically from eccentrics fixed to the auxiliary drive shaft, serves to form the tips on the product and separate the latter from the rod of material.

In FIG. 1 shows a top view of a horizontal forging machine; FIG. 2-horizontal section of it; FIG. 3 is a vertical section along AB in FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is the same on CD in FIG. 2; FIG. 5 is the same for EP in FIG. 2; FIG. b-side view of the car; FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the feed mechanism along ABCD in FIG. eight; FIG. 8 is a section through EFLH in FIG. 7

An electric motor (rated at 20 hp) using a belt transmission / transmits movement to a pulley-flywheel 3 (Fig. 1).

Gear 4 is mounted beside the flywheel hub, which is connected to two identical gears 5 and 7. One of these gears 5 drives the main crank shaft 6 to rotate. Second gear 7 drives the lower auxiliary shaft 8 to rotate (Fig. B). The main crank shaft 6 and the auxiliary 8 make the same number of revolutions.

connecting rod W. The latter drives a sliding-forward movement of the slider 11, in which the holders of 12 punches and three punches 13 are fastened in three rows, in this case, the crutch 14 (Fig. 2).

To eliminate the effect of tool squeezing and the occurrence of backlash, it is necessary to adjust the punches for the matrices. This adjustment is made by the wedge device / 5 and is fixed by the clamping device 16 (Fig. 5).

On the main shaft 6, between crank 9 and gear 5, a cam 77 is placed (Figs. 3 and 2).

The cam curve in an arc of 120 ° is outlined by a large radius, while the diametrically opposite part is outlined by a smaller radius.

Relying on the rollers 30 fixed in the body of the slider 18, the cam 17, having a constant angular velocity, reports the movement of the main slider 18, which occupies either the rearmost position, the frontmost position, with stops between them.

With the main slider 18 is connected pivotally to the transverse slider 19, carrying a movable matrix.

The slider 19 holds the dies open for the first third of the shaft turn, closes the dies for the next one sixth turn, holds the dies in the closed position for the next third turn, and again opens the matrix for the remaining one sixth turn of the shaft.

The slider 19 is pivotally connected to the slider 18 without any kind of elastic bond.

If a foreign body or finished crutches hit between the matrices, i.e., if the machine is overloaded, there could be a machine breakdown.

The accident prevention slider 19 is connected to the slider 18 by a mechanism that, until reaching a well-defined pressure on the slider 19, retains the relative position determined by the hinge star 20, 21, 22 (Fig. 2) and only when the pressure passes through the set:

 ;

 2

The maximum connection begins to act as an elastic connection, and the mechanism unloads itself to zero.

The pressure obtained by the transverse slider 19 is transmitted to the slider 18 as follows. The slider 19 transmits the pressure to the additional slider 25, placed in the main slider 18 (Fig. 2, 3).

The slider 23 is stationary when the resulting pressure is less than the set value; in this case, the slider 23 tends to move forward under the action of the spring 24j but remains stationary, as the axle 25 of the articulated arm 25-27-28 rests against the base of the slit 26 limiting the movement of the slider 25 even when the pressure maximum is surpassed and the slider moved to the rearmost position.

In this latter case, the articulated arm 27, which is seated on the axis 25, approaches the vertical position and turns into a vertical stop for the lever 28 acting from the spring 24, and the horizontal component from the action of the lever 28 is negligible and sufficient only for pushing the slide 25 relative to the slider 18, if the slider 25 is not subject to external pressure.

Since the levers 27 and 28 can never be in the dead position, due to the presence of the limiter - slit 26, and always standing at a certain angle to the dead position, being under the constant pressure of the spring 24, the slider 25 can withstand without movement the load determined by the spring pressure and the coefficient depending on the position of the levers 27 and 28 relative to the dead position.

As the angle decreases, this coefficient increases, and as the angle increases, the coefficient decreases and becomes zero when the lever 27 comes to a vertical position.

When the slider 25 is stationary, the angle between the levers 27, 28 remains constant, and consequently, the load maintained by the slider 25 without movement remains constant and is the maximum within which the normal process of crutches forming should proceed.

All working forces acting in the machine are closed in the slider 23, and therefore, when any working body abnormally operates, the slider 23 moves to the rear position and thereby unloads the entire machine, protecting the working parts of the machine from any kind of abnormality of the process.

There may be overloads with the submission of the material of reduced heating, with jamming of the pushed crutches being pushed out, with the ingress of foreign objects between the matrices, with the sticking of any working body, with the breakage of one of the working bodies, with the wrong care of the machine, with the supply of a large amount of metal in the punches , when setting up and adjusting the machine, when feeding non-measuring material and QT for many other reasons, it is very difficult to foresee.

The material rod is pushed by the feeder into the die as far as it will go. When the material is fed and the dies are closed, the mechanism for landing the crutch legs begins.

The working bodies of this mechanism, the trimming matrices 5 / and 32, perform the following movements. The matrix 5 /, located in the movable matrix 33 (FIG. 4), moves towards the fixed matrix 34 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece before the two cutting dies 3 / and 32 are joined. By connecting the cutting matrices 31 and 32, the landing of the leg of the crutch ends, but the connection of the finished crutch with the bar is still there, since the dies will not cut the entire material and the antenna will remain, connecting the crutch with the rod.

After the end of the landing of the leg, i.e., after the connection of the counter matrices 5 / and 32, both matrices move in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the workpiece for a short distance, in order to break the barbel connecting the finished crutch with the rod.

At this time, the rod remains alone, and the crutch is pushed out of the matrix.

This ejection movement breaks the specified antenna and produces the first extension of the crutch; This last movement facilitates the work of the ejector.

To carry out the above work, two eccentrics 35 and 36 are located on the auxiliary shaft 8 (Fig. 4).

Extric 35, rotating and resting against the rollers 37 and 38, reports a reciprocating vertical movement to a slider 39 located in the transverse movable slider / R.

The slider 39 by means of three levers 40 gives a horizontal movement of the knife holder to the pitch of the cut-off matrices attached to it, and the cut-off gratings located in the moving matrix, in this case, make a step equal to 8 mm, and the cut-off matrixes located in the fixed matrix make 10 mm pitch

As for the rest, the mechanism of the landing of the leg of the crutch, located outside the fixed matrix, is completely identical with the mechanism of landing, located in the movable matrix.

A sleeve 42 is mounted on the auxiliary shaft 8, which, when rotated, deflects the corresponding lever and thereby causes the vertical shaft 43 to turn and move the ejector-5, 46 (Fig. 2).

The ejection occurs so that the finished crutches move away from the fixed matrix together with the movable matrix, being pressed by the ejector to the movable matrix.

The moving matrix remains in the rearmost position for one-third of a turn, and the ejector immediately retracts. Thus, the finished crutches remain free and fall down through the channel 47 onto the conveyor (Fig. 5).

On the auxiliary shaft 8 (Fig. 4), a second sleeve 48 (Figs. 4, 7, 8) is fitted, which axially rotates the roller 49 of the lever 50 and the lever 5 / associated with it.

At the end of the lever 5 / there is a movable slider 52 carrying the finger 55 entering the sliding stone 54. When the lever 50, 51 is turned at a constant angle, the desired angle of rotation of the disk 66 is obtained, depending on the position of the movable slider 52, because the disk 66 has internally located around the circumference of the ratchet teeth 55 and associated with the latter one-way ratchet 56, mounted on the second disk 57.

On top of the disk 57 there is a ratchet rail 55, associated with a one-way ratchet 59 mounted on the body 60 of the machine. If we give the lever 5 / oscillatory motion, we will obtain a periodically acting rotational movement of the vertical shaft 61, and hence the three rollers 62, which sit on the keys on the shaft 61.

Rollers 63, which are under the action of spring 64, are always pressed to rollers 62. A bar feed wire leading from a heating furnace to a forging machine is attached to flanges 65 (Figs. 2 and 8).

If the rod is inserted between the rollers 62 and 65 and the lever 5 / oscillates, the rod will be pushed into the dies until the delivery stop 67 (Fig. 1 and 2) is inhibited.

Changing the angle of rotation of the rollers 65, 62 is necessary when changing the length of the feed rod going to the machine. This change can be made by moving the slider 52.

With the frictional feeding of unmeasured material into three strands by the proposed mechanism, it is impossible to achieve the exact feed amount, and therefore the bar feeding is established with a small margin, but the size of the part being processed is controlled by the stop 67 (Figs. 1 and 2).

The mechanism of an emphasis consists of a board of an emphasis 67 fixed on two pivotally fixed levers 68 at the top and bottom.

The board 67 and the arms 68 constitute a parallelogram which is driven from the longitudinal slider 19 (Fig. 2).

The profile of the guide board 69 (Fig. 1) allows you to place the stop board 67 (Fig. 2) on the plane of the receiving streams and, as the pressing punches approach the dies, when the material is fed into the matrix, pull the board aside parallel to to yourself, so as not to interfere with the suitable punches.

The subject is invented and.

Claims (2)

1, Horizontal forging machine, equipped with a transverse slider, driven from the main shaft of the machine, characterized in that, in order to protect, when the machine is overloaded, from the breakdown of the drive of the transverse slider, an additional slider 25 placed inside the main slider 18 and found under the action of an articulated arm 25, 27, 28, adjustable by means of a spring 24, mounted on the frame of the machine. 2. In the machine according to claim 1 the use of a mechanism for forming a spike on the product and separating the latter from a rod of material consisting of cutting matrices 5 /, 52 in the horizontal direction, actuated by levers 40 pivotally connected to a slider 39, receiving a periodic movement from eccentrics 55, 56, mounted on the auxiliary prisodnom shaft 5. 7 l - W - -. - - -. l To the author's testimony I, I. Scherbina V. I. Nosik and I. S. Kolesnikova M 54900 fig1 :one : W ffe AJ. , / J and o§ o about s about. f you ts n pq  I ri § § DG A., rb  F o 1i  to  m and to 0o M o | M 1S s3 .ii5 to V. T vr ,  i Fig. 3 copyright certificate Ya. I. Shcherbina. I. Nosik and I. S. Kolesnikov № 54900 to the author V. I. Nosik FIG. 5 .. W e v ideldelstvo Ya. I. Shche rbina, and I. S. Kolesnikov No. 54900.