SU5369A1 - M flax machine - Google Patents

Description

The proposed flax machine is intended for use in a composition with a trellis machine and, in addition to its main purpose, the defining of the stems, is intended to take the processed material in a continuous layer, and after grinding it automatically transfer it to the treater.

FIG. 1 of the schematic drawing shows a top view of the proposed small machine and the front part of the scutching machine A, FIG. 2 is a section along CB of FIG. L; FIG. 3 is a front view thereof (from B) and in FIG. 4-feeding device with an endless canvas (instead of strings).

The proposed machine consists of the following, their main parts: a device for grinding the stalks of fibrous plants, a nutrient device and a conveyor device for automatically transferring the crushed stems from the milky device to the scutching machine.

Multiple fixture. In view of the fact that when the stems are worn (broken) with corrugated shafts, the stems are corrugated, shortened in length due to the rear end of the stems not caught by the shafts of the shafts, stalk gradually, starting from one end and approaching the other, and not simultaneously in several points, since in this latter case it would be inevitable to tear the stalks. For this purpose, the riffles on the milk shafts were usually located along the axes of the shafts parallel to them or at a slight angle to them (in a spiral), and the stems of the plants were fed one end forward and placed across the axes of the shafts. The inevitable consequence of such a built shafts is that the material is fed periodically and in separate handfuls. In the small tool of the proposed machine, the stems move forward across their length obliquely to the axis of the leaning shafts, as schematically shown in FIG. 1 under the letter K. This method of feeding ensures the continuity of feeding on the material of the machine by a continuous layer (and not by individual handfuls) and simplifies the automatic transfer of the crushed stalks to the scutching machine. Accordingly, with such a position of the stems in the car, the rifles on the shafts draw a direction approximately perpendicular to the direction of the stems, and the riffles on the shafts are arranged at a large angle to the axis of the shafts along a helical line. In this way, gradual capture of the stalks of the plant stems during processing is obtained. The multi-purpose device consists of two rows of shafts (Fig. 2): the lower 1 and upper 2, pressed against the lower corresponding devices, not shown in the drawing. The shafts of both rows rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow (Fig. 2) by means of mechanisms usual in this case, not shown in the drawing. One or several pairs of shafts of the front part of the small tool has a cylindrical surface for flattening the stems.

The nourishing device is designed to feed the stems into a small device, while placing them at a fixed angle to the axes of the shafts; it is equipped with a platform 3 (figs 1, 2 and 3), fastened in several positions on a machine / 7 machine, having a bar 4 at one end, set with an edge to the platform and fastened with bolts o (fig. 3) extending into elongated cuts l on the platform 3 (Fig. 1); in this way, the bar 4 can be moved around the site (or by means of other similar devices). Plank 4 sets the position of the stems at pad 3, depending on their length, so that, upon leaving the shafts, small stems

could be captured at a desired point of their length by the conveyor T of the scutching machine A, For the normal course of processing the fiber in the scutching machine shown schematically in FIG. 1 and 2, it is necessary that the middle of the fiber at the time of its capture by the conveyor T be located against the axes of the right pair of drums O (FIG. 1). For this purpose, at site 3, a line M - // is marked, corresponding to the position of the said axes of the drums. Plank 4 is set from this line at a distance approximately equal to half the length of the batch of stems being processed. Plank 4, in addition, serves to align the butt ends of the stems at the time of their submission to the machine. In addition to this, the feeding device is equipped with a series of endless strings 5 (Figs. 1 and 2) (pulled over blocks 7 at one end); the latter are mounted on a non-rotating shaft 6; at the other end, the strings are mounted on blocks 8, fastened with the shaft 9 and rotating with it in the direction shown in FIG. 2 arrow. The blocks 8 have diameters gradually decreasing from one (right) end of the shaft 9 to the other (Fig. 1). Due to this, the strings 5 will be given a speed of movement, gradually decreasing from large blocks to smaller ones. As a result, the butt end of the stems, located on fast moving strings, will move quickly from the apical end of the stems, located on the left slowly moving strings, and therefore will be inserted into the shafts of the earlier apical end. In this case, the stems laid at the beginning of the stroke parallel to the shafts will change direction towards them, increasing the angle as the strings move forward. Thus, the longer the distance from the shaft 7 to the platform 3, the greater the angle of inclination of the stems (when the difference in diameters of blocks 8 is established). This property is used when processing long stems, not

placed in the shafts of a small tool at a normal angle of inclination. To do this, move back the platform 3, lengthening the path of passage of the stems to the rows and increasing, therefore, the angle of inclination.

The work on grinding the stems on the fixtures is performed in the following order: the stems K are delivered to the platform 3 in a position transverse to the machine tool, parallel to the shafts of the machine. The workers who occupy the machine P’s position, marked by a circle, against the butt end of the stems, move along the platform to the strings, whereby the layer of the stems grows and the butt ends are aligned by slightly pressing the layer of the stems to the plank 4. will be located at the desired angle to the shafts of the milk and introduced into it, as described above.

In order to simplify the described nutrient, instead of the strings 5 you can put an infinite canvas K; in this case, the platform 3 must be placed at a fixed angle to the shafts 6 and 9, as schematically shown in FIG. four.

The conveyor device for the automatic transfer of the fiber from the molded device to the scutching machine consists of the following parts: from the platform 10 (Fig. 2), which connects the compact device to the scraper machine; from endless strings or belts 11 (Fig. 2), tensioned on blocks 12, mounted on shaft 13, and blocks 14. mounted on shaft 15. Blocks 12 and 14 are held in windows made in pad 10. Replaced stems from the shafts 1 and 2 fall down onto the platform 10 and are picked up by belts (or strings) 11 and are fed to the blocks M of the conveyor T of the scutching machine (Figs 1 and 2), by which they are clamped and carried to the scutching machine.

In order to correctly transfer the measured material to the blocks M of the scutching machine, it is advisable to deepen them between the blocks 14, interrupting for this purpose the shaft 15 and securing the shaft segments on the brackets 16 (Fig. 1 and 2). For correct transmission, it is also desirable that the crushed material be located across, approximately at right angles to the conveyor T. For this, the blocks on the shaft 13 have diameters gradually decreasing (or increasing), as in the case described above with respect to the blocks eight; due to the difference in speeds in the movements of the belts, when the stems are ejected from the mill, the desired location can be given to the conveyor T.

The subject of the patent.

1.M flax machine, characterized by the use of pad 3 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) for folding processed stems, abutting with ends against a transposable bar 4 and gripped across by endless strings 5, moving with different, gradually changing from string to string, speeds, for transferring to loose shafts with helical flutes.

2. The use of endless strings or belts 11 (Figs. 1 and 2) for the machine described in paragraph 1, protruding above the table 10 and transferring the crushed stalks to the scutching machine, at which the strings or belts 11 move with different ones. from string to string, speeds.

3. The machine change described in paragraph 1, characterized by replacing the infinite strings 5 with an infinite moving canvas K (Fig. 4), receiving stems from an obliquely set platform 3, provided with a strip 4 that is resistant to the ends of the stems.

FIG. I

FIG. 2

FIG. 3

FIG. four.