SU526534A1

SU526534A1 - Hydromechanical transmission

Info

Publication number: SU526534A1
Application number: SU1949052A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Александр Семенович Кондрашкин; Владимир Алексеевич Умняшкин; Николай Дмитриевич Мазалов
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я Г-4695
Priority date: 1973-07-24
Filing date: 1973-07-24
Publication date: 1976-08-30

Description

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Изобретение относитс к транснортным средствам, а именно к и.х передачам.FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to transnormal means, namely to i.h transmissions.

Известны гидромеханические трансмиссии, содержащие гидротрансформатор и механическую коробку передач с неподвижными ос ми валов, входной вал которой св зан с турбинным колесом гидротрансформатора через фрикционное сцепление, а шестерни, установленные на промежуточном валу, посто нно зацеплены с шестерн ми входного и выходного валов, причем ведома шестерн первой передачи св зана с выходным валом с помощью муфты свободного хода.Hydromechanical transmissions are known that contain a torque converter and a mechanical gearbox with fixed axles of shafts, the input shaft of which is connected to the turbine wheel of the torque converter via friction clutch, and gears mounted on the intermediate shaft are permanently engaged with the gears of the input and output shafts, and the gears the first gear is connected to the output shaft via a overrunning clutch.

Недостатком известных гидромеханических трансмиссий вл етс то, что они обеспечивают плавное включение только одной низщей ступени.A disadvantage of the known hydromechanical transmissions is that they ensure smooth engagement of only one lower stage.

Цель изобретени - повышение плавности переключени ступеней при сохранении возможности торможени двигателе.м.The purpose of the invention is to increase the smoothness of gear shifting while maintaining the possibility of engine braking.

Это достигаетс тем, что шестерни двух низщих ступеней, установленные на промежуточном валу, св заны с этим валом одновременно муфтами свободного хода и фрикционными сцеплени ми.This is achieved by the fact that the gears of the two lower stages, which are mounted on the intermediate shaft, are simultaneously connected with this shaft by freewheel clutches and friction clutches.

На чертеже показана предлагаема трансмисси .The drawing shows the proposed transmission.

Гидромеханическа трансмисси состоит из гидротрансформатора 1 и механической трехступенчатой коробки передач 2. Турбинное Hydraulic transmission consists of a torque converter 1 and a mechanical three-speed gearbox 2. Turbine

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колесо 3 гидротрансформатора 1 св зано через фрикционное сцепление 4 иейтрали с входным валом 5 коробки передач. С входным валом 5 жестко св заны ведуни шестерн wheel 3 of torque converter 1 is connected through friction clutch 4 and neutrals with input shaft 5 of gearbox. Spool gears are rigidly connected to the input shaft 5.

6нервой ступени и фрикционные сцеплени 6 first stage and friction couplings

7и 8, служапл е дл включени соответственно второй и третьей ступеней. На нервичпом валу 5 свободно установлена та1;же ведуП1а шестерн 9 второй ступени. На промежуточном валу 10 коробкн передач 2 расположены на муфтах свободного хода II и 12 ведомые шестерни 13 н 14 первой и второй ступеней. С валом 10 жестко св заны фрикционные сцеплени 15 н 16, служащие дл соединени шестерен 13 и 14 с промежуточным валом 10, а также ведущие шестерни 17 и 18 переднего и заднего хода.7 and 8, serving to activate the second and third stages respectively. On the neural shaft 5 it is freely mounted on the same; the same gear 9 of the second stage. On the intermediate shaft 10 gearbox 2 are located on the freewheel II and 12 driven gears 13 and 14 of the first and second stages. Friction clutches 15 and 16 are rigidly connected to the shaft 10, which are used to connect gears 13 and 14 to the intermediate shaft 10, as well as drive gears 17 and 18 for forward and reverse.

На вторнчном валу 19 свободно установлены ведомые шестерни 20 и 21 переднего и заднего хода. Дл соединени указанных шестерен с валом 19 служит зубчата муфта 22.On the second shaft 19 freely mounted driven gears 20 and 21 forward and reverse. A gear coupling 22 serves to connect said gears to the shaft 19.

Переключение ступеней в гидромеханической трансмиссии может осуществл тьс автоматически по сигналам, поступающнм от С1 стемы управлени , и принудительно.The switching of the steps in the hydromechanical transmission can be carried out automatically according to the signals coming from the C1 control system, and forcibly.

Claims

During automatic switching of the steps, the vehicle starts from the first stage, which is switched on by closing the friction clutch 4. The torque from the turbine wheel 3 in this case is transmitted through the engaged clutch 4 to the input shaft 5. From the input shaft 5 gears 6 and 13 and a freewheel clutch AND are transmitted to the intermediary shaft 10. Next, through the gears 17 and 20 and the gear coupling 22, a torque is applied to the output shaft 19 of the gearbox

2. Upon reaching the appropriate speed, the second gear in the gearbox is automatically engaged. To engage the second stage, it is sufficient to connect the friction clutch 7 with the jaw 9 and the primary shaft 5. At the same time, the torque from the input shaft 5 is supplied to the intermediate shaft 10 through the jaws 9 and 14, as well as the free wheel clutch 12. The first stage free wheel clutch 11 This is wedged as the gear ratio between the 9 and 14 second stage gears is less than that between the 6 and 13 gears of the first stage. Thus, the shutdown of the first stage in this case occurs simultaneously with the inclusion of friction clutch 7 of the second-thrust, i.e. the switching is carried out without breaking the power flow. Due to this, an increased switching switching is achieved. With some delay, the friction clutch 16 is then engaged, ensuring that gear 14 is rigidly connected to the shaft 10. Due to this, it is also possible to brake the engine for a second time. From the intermediate shaft 10, the torque is transmitted in the same way as in the first stage to the output shaft 19. With a further increase in speed, the control system automatically switches to the third stage. When this occurs, the friction clutch 8 of the third stage is simultaneously turned on and the friction scene 16 is turned off. The torque at the third stage is transmitted from the input shaft 5 through the switched on 8 on the shaft 19, since the gear ratio between the 20 and 17 is less than gears 9 and 14, the intermediate shaft 10 receives a faster rotation than the neck 14, resulting in the freewheel 12 being wedged. In this case, the step switching also takes place without interrupting the power flow, since the moment of disengagement of the second gear depends not on when the clutch 16 is disengaged, but on when the overrunning clutch 12 is wedged. The first and second touch can also be turned on . At the same time as the friction clutch 4 is engaged, the clutch 15 is also connected, which rigidly connects the jaw 13 with the intermediate shaft 10. Due to this, it is possible to brake the vehicle with the engine. When the steps are forcibly turned on, the transmission of torque from the wheel 3 to the output shaft 19 occurs in the same way as with automatic starting. However, the friction clutches 15 and 16 are constantly involved in the transmission of torque from the first and second gears 13 and 14 of the first and second stages to the intermediate shaft 10. The reverse gear is engaged when the gear clutch 22 is moved to the left and connected to the output shaft 19 of the driven reverse gear 19. During reverse engagement, friction stélenia 4 remains off until the clutch gear teeth 22 fully engage with the teeth that have tangles 21 on the hub. After the gear clutch 22 is completed, the clutches 4 and 15 turn on. Torque This is transmitted from the turbine wheel 3 through friction clutch 4 to gear 6, from which gear 13 and friction clutch 15 are led to intermediate shaft 10. From the intermediate intermediate 10, there is a cool moment through gear 18, parasitic gear 21 toothed coupling 22 is transmitted to the output shaft 19 of a transmission. The neutral position in the gearbox is obtained by disengaging the friction clutch 4. Thus, in the considered hydromechanical transmission, by installing gears 13 and 14 on the intermediate shaft 10 with the help of the freewheel sleeves I and 12, it is achieved by operating the gearbox in automatic mode that all stages are continuously shifting. This makes it possible to significantly increase the smoothness of gear shifting and improve vehicle comfort. At the same time, it is also possible to use the engine for braking, since the gears 13 and 14, in addition to the free-running clutch, are connected to the intermediate shaft 10 also by means of friction clutches. The claims hydromechanical transmission comprising a torque converter and a mechanical orobku transmissions e dead axles vaov, the input shaft of which is coupled to the turbine wheel torque converter through riktsionnoe clutch and gear ustanovennye on the intermediate shaft, permanently atsepleny with gears of the input and vyhodnoo shafts, wherein with the fact that, in order to increase gear shifting in the gearbox while maintaining engine braking, the gears of the two lower stages are mounted on exact shaft associated with the shaft simultaneously overrunning clutches and friction clutch in E.

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