SU520684A2 - Multi-motor electric drive with contactless DC motors - Google Patents

Description

(54) MULTI-MOTOR ELECTRIC MOTOR WITH UNCONTENDED DC ELECTRIC MOTORS

, W FIG. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a two-motor electric drive with a DB with rotational speed regulators made in the form of supply voltage regulators; in fig. 2 diagrams of currents and currents in the electric drive, made according to FIG. one;

in fig. 3 is a lok-scheme of a three-duplex electrical drive with a DB with a rotation speed regulator, made in the form of current regulators in the circuits of the excitation windings of synchronous machines; in fig. 4 is a graph of voltages and currents in an electric actuator according to FIG. 3; in fig. 5 is the same as in FIG. 1, only with speed control knobs, rotary speed in the form of voltage controllers in the control circuit of the rotor position sensors, filled with the phase shift of the output signals; in fig. 6 is the same as in FIG. 2, only for the electric drive, according to FIG. 5; The multi-motor drive is made as follows (flash 1). For example, here is shown an electric drive with two DBs containing synchronous masks I and 2 with rotor position sensors 3 and 4 and semiconductor switches S and 6 connected to an i-circuit of 7) through rotation speed regulators, made as adjustable lifters 8 and 9 with control circuits 10 and 11.

The output of the DPR 3 is connected to the input of PK6, and the output of the DPR4 is connected to the input of GZh5, forming an annular circuit of a two-motor electric drive. The electric drive of the receiver is shown; you see, the 12 modules of the sign mismatch: Baiffl signal DPRZ and DPR4 pair of sync 1x ma-, NIN. In general, the number of detectors is equal to the number of combinations and m are two by two and is determined by the formula JUL liJJ-. For the considered

case you need one you disagree 1 ". To the inputs 13 and 14 vpvitel 12 connected outputs 1CR and DPR4. The output 15 of the module is connected with the control circuits 10 and 11 of the rectifiers {8 and 9 via the control keys 16 and 17, to the inputs | which are connected to two outputs 18 and 19 of the sign mismatch. The disagreement sign can be made in the form of a logic device consisting of two trggers and two matching schemes. A device of this type registers the sign of the phase mismatch of two sequences of pulses. Depending on the sign of this discrepancy, the state

output trigger device. At different frequencies of the input signals, the state of the output trigger will depend on the sign of their difference.

With a frequency of rotation} w f SC1 greater than, CM 2 at the output 18 of the BbiRBH mismatch gel in sign (Fig. 1) appears, the voltage, and at the output 14 - the zero voltage, if f

then vice versa, hfynii will be at the output of 1I, and in addition, at the output, at the output of 19.When, r1, the link indicates the sign of the phase mismatch of these frequencies. If the pulses f are distant from the pulses f, then a voltage appears at the output 19, and if vice versa, then the pulses f lag behind the pulses j, the voltage appears at the output 18. The pin of the mismatch sign of the two frequencies can be fulfilled and other known schemes.

The driver of the mismatch module of two frequencies can be implemented, for example, on two resistors having a common point. Iljsr supplying a voltage from the DPR to these resistors at two un-connected ends appears a voltage proportional to the phase mismatch of these signals. If alternating voltage is supplied with DPR, then with the help of a demodulator it can be displaced in order to obtain a module for the mismatch of these signals.

With the synphasicity of DPRZ and DPR4 signals, there is no signal at the output 15 of the modulus mismatch indicator.

The proposed drive works as follows.

For identical valve motors and with equal load moments, the switching of the sections CM1 and CM2 is carried out, for example, with optimal switching ahead. (Fig. 2a). The rotors CMi and CM2 rotate in phase, and there is no signal at output 5 of the error module output of the error module. The control circuits 10 and 11 provide, for example, the complete opening of thyristors at exporters 8 and 9, and at the output there are equal to the highest; U and U voltages of a three-phase AC network. CM1 and CM2 consume equal currents of 3. and 3 with equal counter-emf E and E. Suppose now that the load on the shaft CM2 has decreased. In the system of electromotive elec

In this case, the phase mismatch appears: the CM2 rotor is ahead of the CM1 rotor, due to which the switching of the more loaded valve engine occurs with a negative angle amp J different from the optimum one, and the switching of the less loaded valve engine with a positive angle Q (FIG . 26). In this case, a less loaded motor consumes a significant current.

D, that reduces the efficiency of the electric drive. In the proposed t electric drive when arising the phase

mismatched; at output 15 of the error mismatch, a SI1nl appears, equal to the modulus of the LPRZ signal difference and and proportional to the phase paccoi-lasalpch phase. JUiH considered case, i.e. when the rotor CM2 is ahead of the rotor CM1 D1stress takes place on Biiixd / ie 19 you mismatch mismatch, which ensures the activation of the key 17, connecting the output of disproachonon modulo, with the scheme yiip; i) UkHH i 1 I.

The postduction of si nad in the control provides the phase delay of the iHjHicTopoB wirp.mpgel 9 wiring, which caused a decrease in the rectified voltage Uj,. In this case, the excess moment developed by the CM2 and, as a consequence, the magnitude of the phase mismatch of the rotor CM1 and CM2 (Fig. 2c) is reduced. With a sufficient error amplification coefficient, the static error l 0 is insignificant. on. When reducing the load on the CM1, the output 15 of the variance error module is connected to the control circuit 10, which provides a lower voltage on the rectifier plug 8. If the multi-motor drive is equipped with an I multichannel semi-suppository relay, which ensures the periodic switching of the Mbi in Locally closed schematics of valve engines, guls, then the proposed device significantly accelerates the process of synchronizing the DB. Hence the function of the speed regulator. The contactless engine in the proposed multi-motor electric drive is to eliminate the excess torque of the less loaded engine. Depending on the power and design of the applied DBs, three; speed controllers are possible in principle: a) power supply voltage regulator; b) field winding current controller: CM; c) a voltage regulator in the control circuit of a DPR performed with the possibility of a phase shift of the output signals. An example of the implementation of a multidivisive electric drive with regulators of the supply voltage of the DB in the input of auxiliary drives is considered above. Naturally, any known amplitude or pulse width regulators can be used as voltage regulators. Thus, for transistor single-pole periodical switches, the regulator is: it is not advisable to perform as an additional transistor connected in series with the main transistors and a diode to turn on the transducer - w., Shunt the main transistor of the switch and section Winding CM. Such a regulator is similar to the well-known scheme of a nonreciprocal pulsed cascade with a collector motor | DC current. For transistor double-wave switch voltage regulators it is advisable to implement on the basis of the main lines of the lower or upper arm of the switch interacting with the latitude-pulse modulator. Consider now the construction of a multi-motor electric drive with a DB with current regulators in the field windings SM. The block diagram of such an electric drive with three DBs is shown in FIG. 3. The same symbols have been preserved here as in FIG. 1. The valve motors contain synchronous machines 20, 21 and 22 with positive positions and 23, 24.25 and semiconductor {pin switches 26, 27, 28 connected to the AC power 29. The output of the DLR23 is supplied to the PC28, the output of daR25 is to the input of PK27, and the output of the DPR24 is to input /: of PK26, forming an annular i circuit of a three-inlet electric drive. The current regulators (FT) 33,34,35 are switched on in the circuits of the field windings 30, 31 and 32 of synchronous machines. ; An additional drive is supplied with the following: P mi 36, 37, 38 module and the sign of the phase mismatch of the DPR signals of each pair of CM: 3 quantities equal to the number of combining 1 st st .and jp two, i.e., three. The inputs of DPR are connected to the inputs 39 - 44 of the dispensers. To the inputs 39 and 44 - the output of the DPR23, to the inputs 40 and 41 - the output of the DPR24 n to the inputs 42 and 43 - the output of the DPR25. The outputs of the desaturation modulo 45, 46, and 47 are controlled by controlled keys 48 to 53 with current regulators 33–35, and the output of each error mismatch over the module (for example, 45) is connected to the inputs of two regulators current (rotational speeds) of the compared ones: CM20 and CM21 via controlled keys 48 and 49. 0s; the full connections are made in the same way. 54 - 59 signal error detectors are connected to the inputs of controlled keys 48 - 53. In comparison with FIG. .1, it can be seen that the asthura of the dual drive motor is fully preserved. The difference is only in a quantitative increase,: 1С1 and the number of disagreements and in the general case is equal, i.e., the number of combinations of venTifflbHbix engines by two, and in the type of jTopa speed control, which in this case is | The current regulator in the circuit of the excitation winding CM is changed. In a dashy device, all logical blocks are implemented as described above using the example of the device in FIG. 1, and perform the same functions and in the same sequence. For example, if the pulses 20 of the DPR23 of the synchronous machine 20 are separated from the pulses of frji CM21, then a better connection at the output 55 of the mismatch driver, the sign will turn on the controlled key 49, and a signal; the difference between signals | zd and jjj, will go to jB current controller 34. The described actuator works as follows. LL of identical valve engines with equal load switching of sections CM20, CM21 and CdM22 is carried out, 1 | air measures, with opTUMajibHbiNW with switching-on trigger points; (Fig. 4a). The rotors CM20, CM21 and CM22 rotate in phase, and there are no signals at outputs 45-47 of the modulus error discrepancy. The current regulators 33, 34 and 35 provide for, for example, the nominal current magnitude in; LH ;; eie, which is biased at d: E11O; 1 speed “laiuciinHoniVik-.ietniuHH emf. E (FIG. 4a). Oshshakovai d, - | Sich CMOjo Each HJJ. With p: shnyh. Ihh11igaki Ujo - Ull U; i in CM IpoTOKUWI p-aPNYS Pr ;; and C1; 1Ozh11.chg Toiem ,. currents 3

in terms of the load on the shafts, the CM21 and CM22 decreased, and the decrease in the load moment on the CM22 was more pronounced than on the CM21 .;

In the subsystem of the multi-motor drive - a prototype j in this case, the phase mismatch of the CM rotors appears: CM22 rotor opyr) 1 "CM21 rotor, which, in turn, is ahead of CM20 rotor, due to the switching of the more loaded valve engine with negative angle in, different from optimal, and switching of less loaded valve engines - with positive ears 21 and 9 (Fig. 46). In this case, less loaded valve motors consume significant currents L d, and 3, which reduces the efficiency. electric drive. In the proposed drive, when a phase mismatch occurs, poTopofB at the outputs of 45 to 47 mismatch drivers appear-1 with signals equal to the modulus of the difference of signals DPR23 | .i DPR24, DPR24I and DPR25 / DPG25 and DPR23 and their phase mismatch proportional values. The considered case when the rotor of the CM 22 is ahead of the rotor of the CM 21, and after the last one is the rotor of the CM 20, tensioned at the outputs 55.57 and 58 of the error ratios 36-18. Controlled keys 49, 51 and 52 will be included. In the case of signals from the outputs 45, 46 and 47, the modular error drivers will be fed to the inputs of current regulators 34 and 35. The control signal for the PT35 of the two signals with 46 and 47 will be which is of great magnitude. In this case, this is the signal from 47.

Moreover, the magnitude of the signal arriving from 45 to РГ34 will be less than the magnitude of the signal arriving at PT35 from 47. The current regulators are designed in such a way that the arrival of the signal at their inputs leads to an increase in the current in the windings of the exciter. 31, the current will be more than 30, and 32 - more than 31, which at a given speed will lead to a change in the values of e. d. c For the case under consideration E,), It provides a reduction in the consumed current Zdvz, ycTpaHejffie excess

s cl. k. O1

moment and compensation phase mismatch i (Fig. 4c). With sufficient amplification of the error signal by the current regulator, the magnitude of the static error lv is insignificant. With any other POSSIBLE 1X mismatches in the system according to the load moments in the proposed electric drive, the resulting phase mismatch is continuously compensated for and the less effective torque is less than the load of the south DB. . The current regulators in the circuits of the excitation circuit can be constructed according to any known scheme of amplitude or orphan-impulse jifiicTBHH, ipri mrsr, according to the circuit with a circuit;);

Consider the structural aostrosns Miint cijinnrativny drive for 1-rays, n;: - 1 i.; Inopci-f i; to the regulation of the regulation of the scorching and kpingpun (niwNciioi um un tyr

in the control circuit Ш1Р, made with the possibility of phase shift of the signals. For simplicity, let us consider a twin-engine drive (Fig. 5), supposing that, in the general case, according to such i scheme, a drive with tn valve engines can be realized. FIG. 5, the same conventional symbols are used} as in FIG. 1 and 3. The drive is made in the following way. Valve motors consist of synchronous machines 60, 61 with rotor position 62, 63, configured to phase out the output signals, and semiconductor switches 64, 65, powered by a DC source 66. Output DPR62 is connected to input PC65, and output G1R63 - to the input of the PC64, forming a ring diagram of a two-motor electric drive. The voltage regulator 67 and 68 in the control circuits DPR62 and D11P63 ensure the phase shift of the output signals of the sensors.

The electric drive is additionally doubled by the extractor 69 module and the mismatch sign, to the inputs of which 70 and 71 are connected the DPR62 and DPR63 outputs

Output 72 of the module mismatch modulo is connected to voltage regulators 67 and 68 through controllable switches 73 and 74, to the inputs of which two other outputs 75 and 76 connectors are mismatched by the sign. In comparison with the considered multi-motor drives in FIG. Figures 1 and 3 show that the drive structure is completely preserved, and only the type of speed controller is changed, for which the voltage regulator is used in the DPR control circuit, made with the possibility of phase shift of the output signals. Here, all the logical blocks are executed as described above using the example of the devices in FIG. 1 and 3 and perform the same fu1 K1 | W {and in the same sequence.

The described drive works as follows. For equal contactless motors with equal load moments, the commutation of the sections CM60 and CM61 is, for example, with optimal angles © (6a). The rotors of the CM60 and CM61 rotate si) phase and there is no signal at the output 72 of the display of the error module.

Assume now that the load on the CM61 shaft has decreased. In the system of a multi-motor prototype, in this case a phase mismatch appears (e: the CM61 rotor is ahead of the CM60 rotor, due to which the switching of the more heavily loaded Hungarian downloader takes place with a negative angle E, the greater v-jT, angle &, smaller HJHM in, 5pt (Fig. 66). The departure of the magnitude of the angle O -, -, -, from onigimal signs of arivo / pc to a lower efficiency ratio more than a rifle digest, and, as a result, ppl priv.pa in general.

In iipc / vi; ir; ie: i.iM) lockG} H011 ppi, what about when the jumper (jt, i: joiii40 (..ijL-t) output type 72 you: the mismatch signal appears equal to the modulus the difference between the DPR62 and DPR63 signals and the phase disparity of their signals. For the case under consideration, i.e., when the CNf6l rotor is ahead of the CM60 rotor, the voltage occurs at the output 76 of the error indicator over the sign, which; a key 74 connecting the output module 72 of the module of the mismatch with the input of the voltage regulator 68 in the control circuit DPR63. Act 1; When the control signal arrives at DPR63, PH68 is such that at its | Output there is a phase shift of 9, Q is in the direction of rotation of the CM61 rotor.

In this case, the switching of the more loaded engine will again occur at the optimal angle QQJ,,

d less loaded with fragile, oh

opt (fig. 6c).

The energy consumption of the less loaded DB decreases, while the phase mismatch of the CM60, CM61 rotors remains 9, .- &

Och7o 1

A suitable scheme for regulating the speed of rotation depends primarily on the power of the engine and the speed of its rotation. For powerful databases (more than

5 kat) it is advisable to use a regulator of the NIN voltage in the control circuit of the DPR, which is an output phase output that is fulfilled with the possibility of phase shift. For; medium and high power BD, where contactless CM of electromagnetic excitation is used, it is advisable to use a current controller in the field of the excitation winding. Applied voltage regulators are advisable in the nuclear queue for low-power electric drives, since they are associated with a regulator; main power flow. However, in medium power drives with magnetically; Many SM and not equipped with DPR with the ability to control the phase of the output signal, voltage regulators can also find application.

In addition, it is possible to simultaneously use two or three rotation speed regulators, for example, a current regulator in the excitation winding and a voltage regulator in the DPR control circuit, executed with phase shift capability. At the same time, one channel can be made coarse, and the other one can be made accurate, which will improve the stability of the JeocTb and the accuracy of the automatic control of this theme of a multi-drive electric drive.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Multi-motor electric drive with contactless DC electric motors according to ed. St. No. 340052, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency, it is equipped with speed controllers for each motor and gauges (mismatch of the rotor position sensor signals of each pair of synchronous MaiiiHH, each of the inputs of which and the outputs are with the rotational speed regulators of the said pair of synchronous machines. JiM Fig. 2 ) go E, n th go (jt n Uio 2q 20 f at vgo % f2S 2B at 68 sSL G7f S onjTi % / b % / I I