SU517905A1 - Device for calculating the relative increase in heat consumption of a turbogenerator - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of specialized analog computers used in the power industry, and is intended for the operational calculation of the relative increase in heat consumption of a condensing turbogenerator.

Devices 1, 2 are known for calculating the relative increase in heat consumption of a turbine unit.

One of the known devices contains differential pressure gauges for measuring the flow of fresh steam, connected through phase-sensitive amplifiers to the input of an executive motor, wattmeters connected to the input of an electronic potentiometer, a relay and a transformer that supplies differential pressure meters.

The disadvantage of this device is low accuracy and speed, there is no possibility to memorize and store the characteristics of the relative increase in heat consumption.

The closest solution to this is an analog computing device 2, which contains memory blocks, adders, an electrical power sensor, a steam flow sensor, a constant voltage source, an electrical increment setting device, keys, switches and a control unit whose outputs are connected to

control inputs of the keys and to the switches.

The disadvantage of this device is insufficient accuracy, insufficient

speed and the inability to take into account the change in the state of the turbine unit.

In order to increase accuracy, speed and functionality extension of the device in it, the input of the first memory block is connected to the output of the electrical power sensor via the first key, the output of the first memory block is connected to the first input of the first adder, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second key electric power, the third input of the adder is connected to the output of the unit increment of electric power, the output of the first memory block through the first switch is connected to the input of the second memory block, the input of the third memory block is connected via the third key to the output of the steam flow sensor, the output of the third memory block is connected to the first input of the second adder, the second input of which is connected via the fourth key to the output of the steam consumption sensor, the third input of the second adder is connected to the output of the constant source voltage, the output of the second adder through the second switch is connected to the input of the fourth memory block, the output of the first adder is connected to the input of the control unit.

The basis of the construction of the device is based on the following equations

Dkn. - Dk (n-i) - Dk (I)

("-1) (P)

 - const (III)

A /) ft

(„0.86 + 0.525

where ADK is the change in steam consumption to the condenser;

AL / e is the change in electrical power corresponding to the change in steam consumption;

OKP - the value of steam consumption in the condenser during the n-th measurement; ) to (p-1) is the value of steam consumption in the condenser at (p-1) measurement; - the value of the electric power of the turbogenerator in the nth measurement; No (n-i) is the value of electric power in (n-1) measurement; 7tk - relative increase in heat consumption of the turbogenerator.

The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed device.

The device contains the first memory block 1, the first key 2, the electric power sensor 3, the first adder 4, the second key 5, the setting unit 6 for increasing the electrical power, the first switch 7, the second memory block 8, the third memory block 9, the third key 10 , steam flow sensor 11, second adder 12, fourth key 13, constant voltage source 14, second switch 15, fourth memory block 16, control block 17, relay contacts 18-24, buttons 25 and 26, toggle switch 27, windings relay 28-32, relay contacts 33-35, diode 36, stepping finder 37, relays 38 and 39.

In the proposed device, the input of the first memory block 1 is connected via the first switch 2 to the output of the electric power sensor 3, the output of the first memory block 1 is connected to the first input of the first adder 4, the second input of which is connected via the second switch 5 to the output of the electrical power sensor 3. The third input of the adder is connected to the output of the setpoint adjuster 6 prirap 1, of electric power.

The output of the first memory block 1 through the first switch 7 is connected to the input of the second memory block 8. The input of the third memory block 9 through the third key 10 is connected to the output: 7, atchik 11 steam consumption. The output of the third memory 9 is connected to the first input of the second adder 12, the second input of which is connected via the fourth key 13 to the output of the steam consumption AND sensor. The third input of the second adder 12 is connected to the output of the source 14 of a constant voltage. The output of the second adder 12 is connected via the second switch 15 to the input of the fourth memory block 16. The output of the first adder 4 is connected to the control unit 17.

In the control unit 17, the power supply voltage through the toggle switch 27, the start button 25, the contacts of the relay 18 and 33 is fed to the slider 37 of the schagovy searcher. In addition, the same voltage is supplied to the stepper finder coil 37 through normally closed relay contacts 19, controlled from the winding of the relay 31 and normally open contacts of the relay 20, controlled from the winding of the relay 30, in parallel with which the button 26 is turned on. Power to the relay 32 supplied through normally open contacts of relay 21, controlled from the relay coil 31, and to winding 31 through a normally open contact of relay 22, controlled from the relay coil 30. On the relay coil 29, power is supplied directly from the start button 25, and to the relay coil 28 - through the normal open contact of a relay 23 controlled by the winding of relay 29 and through the normally open contact of relay 24 controlled by the relay coil 28 from.

The device works as follows.

In the initial state, the voltage from the electric power sensor 3 and the steam consumption sensor 11 is proportional to the electric power and the steam consumption to the capacitor, respectively.

After turning on the toggle switch 27 and pressing the start button 25 using the winding of the relay 29 and the contacts of the relay 34, 38, the sensors 3, And are connected to the inputs of memory blocks 1 and 9, respectively, and the relay contact 29, controlled by the winding of the relay 29, closes the circuit powering the relay coil 28, which is self-blocked by its contact 24 and closes the keys 5 and 13.

In the absence of the button 25, the winding of the relay 29 de-energizes and opens the contacts of the relay 34 and 38, with the stepping finder 37 switching the switches 7, 15 to the first position.

With an increase in the electrical power of the turbogenerator at the output of sensor 3, the voltage increases, respectively, the output of the first adder 4 produces a negative voltage when the magnitude of the signal difference from the memory unit 1 and the electrical power sensor 3 exceeds the signal from the output unit 6 of the power increment, a current in the winding of the relay 30 appears and the contacts of the relay 20 and 22, which are controlled by this winding, close the power supply circuit of the step finder 37 and the winding of the relay 31, the contact 19 of which opens, and the switch the finder switches.

The second normally open contact of the relay 21, controlled by the winding of the relay 31, supplies power to the winding of the relay 32, which, in turn, closes the contacts of the relay 35 and 39. The memory blocks 1, 9 are fed

the voltage from sensors 3, 11, as a result of which the voltage difference from memory block I and sensor 3 becomes zero, therefore, the winding of relay 30 is de-energized, the contact of relay 22 is opened, the winding of relay 31 is de-energized, which controls the contact of relay 21 and turns off the relay coil 32, thereby opening the relay contacts 35 and 39.

With a subsequent change in electrical power, the process described is repeated. Button 26 serves to set the switches to their original position.

A change in electric power leads to a change in the steam flow rate into the condenser, respectively, for each fixed value, a corresponding change in the steam flow rate to the condenser is obtained, which, after adding up in block 12, is released at the output of block 16 proportional to the relative increase in heat consumption.

Due to the fact that in the proposed device, the value of ADk corresponding to a constant value of A // 3, expressed in volts, is stored, a dividing device is not required to obtain a relative gain, and the output of memory block 16 yields a voltage proportional to relative increase in heat consumption at the corresponding value. With further increase in load, new increment values appear, which are stored in memory block 16.

By varying the turbine load from the minimum to the maximum value, it is possible to obtain a characteristic of the relative increase of the turbine in the entire required range.

Claims (1)

1. E. B. Akhundov and V. S. Kakhanovich. Measurement of the relative gain of the power plant, “Electric stations, 1960, №2, p. 35. 2) Copyright certificate № 271129, cl. G 06g7 / 50 publ. 1968. G - T-5 -t ±: i . f6 -t  / y; 22 J7 G I 1 D g J5  L c ..., "j Fi i x Зг -L in T t t t t t-t -N L, :: j 4-G5J t t t D