SU51351A1 - Line for inpolation of contour lines during topographic works - Google Patents

Description

In topographic surveys, it is necessary to plot horizontals on the obtained elevations of standing and rail points.

If the survey work is carried out on a scale of 1/10000 and smaller, then for experienced surveyors who grasp and evaluate the waviness and changes in relief are eye-sight, applying contour lines is not a problem. For beginning interns of topographers, there are various methods and aids that allow with sufficient accuracy to interpolate the distances over the elevations of the points and, thus, find the position of the contour lines. These benefits include various kinds of pallets, graph paper, etc. All these methods for determining the position of contours in the presence of a complex relief and microrelief are more or less delayed and delay the work of a technician on a tbchke. Usually, after the first years of work, the performer does not use time tutorials, but the projectile interplays between the eye dots, specifying the difference between the elevations of points with a defined horizontal line. To do this, it is necessary to determine the difference in the mind, roughly reduce their ratio, and on the basis of this, mark the position of the point where the defined horizontal line passes. This process of determination requires some mental stress, during the day, the technique is tiring and leads to errors, etc.

The proposed ruler for interpolating contours during topographic works mechanizes this work, making it possible, by setting the ruler sliders on the scale scale to elevation values, to evaluate firsthand on the second scale of the same contour distance from the elevation marks to transfer them to the tablet and plotting on it is a watchful eyeball.

In the attached drawing of FIG. one

and 3 give VIY the proposed line;

FIG. section and fig. 4-part

Flatbed Tablet

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Line 7, made, rtartpwViep, made of solid wood; It has

15 cm long, 2.5 cm wide and 4-5 mm thick. The median longitudinal portion 2 (Fig. 1) of the ruler is 2 mm deep; The edges of the recess have the shape (Fig. 2) of a dovetail. In the recess two short slides 2 can be moved longitudinally with slight friction. At the bottom of the recess, in the upper half of it, there is a scale with black divisions indicating meters and half meters, and in the lower half there are red ink (in the drawing-dotted line) marks corresponding to horizontal m corresponding heights. The numbers of hundreds and tens of marks on the scale are absent, as they are usually implied in the work. The divisions are shown in one direction from zero to zero and again to zero. The ends of the ps1 line after insertion of the sliders are sealed. The inner edges of the slides have bevels, which are painted black for sharpness.

The ruler is operated as follows. Let, as a result of shooting at any point, have on a tablet rack-like points with elevations indicated in FIG. 4 in circles.

Let the slopes between the points of standing and slatted lines be equal, i.e., allow interpolation. The right slider is set at 3.3 (143.3), and the left slider is moved 0.6 (140.6) - the slides in FIG. 1. Between the sliders passes the horizontal 2.5 (142: 5). It is required that the distance from the point of a hundred to this rack-and-groove mark be divided into eye proportionally to the segments: the first from the right slider to the red line showing a horizontal 2.5, and the second from that red line to the left slider. This is not difficult, since the eye, comparing the distance on the tablet with the distance between the sliders and at the same time evaluating the ratio between the segments easily and fairly accurately on the ruler, can divide the distance between points on the tablet into corresponding parts and, thus, get the point through which the horizontal 2.5 (142,5). To the right of the point of a hundred nor is there a point

with a mark close to the previous one - 140j7. Consequently, it is possible to use the ruler a second time, almost without changing the position of the sliders. For convenience, the ruler is turned over and a horizontal point of 2.5 (142.5) is also found.

Further, the left slider is set to 8.4 (rack 138.4), see FIG. 3. Two horizontals — 140.0 and 142.5 — pass between the point of standing and this railroad, divide the distance on the tablet in proportion to the lengths on the ruler between slides and red lines, and so on.

When it is required to determine the position of the contour lines between the points of the stand and the rack and pinion with larger marks, the left slider should be set on the mark of the stand point, and the right slider moved.

Taken as a base for grading a 0.5 cm ruler, corresponding to a meter, are satisfied when working with hilly and partly flat terrain when shooting at a scale of 1/25000. For flat terrain and a scale of 1/10000, another (larger) base will need to be taken, for example, 1 cm, corresponding to one meter. This line will be doubly longer and you must mark sections (horizontal lines) through it with 1.25 slg. These two rulers are quite satisfied with the performer when making surveys on the scale of 1/25000 and 1/10000 with the exception of mountainous places. There, with a larger cross section, it will be necessary to reduce the base and mark the divisions not through a meter, but larger, for example, 0.5 cm, corresponding to 5 m.

The subject matter of the invention.

A ruler for interpolating contours during topographic work, consisting of a body and two sliders, characterized in that both sliders are arranged movable in the same slot of the ruler, and the bottom of the slot is provided with two spaced scales, one of which is large-scale, and each other is formed equidistant from each other

marks indicating the horizontal heights of the corresponding heights, with the goal that when installing the sliders

on a scale of i elevations.

on the second scale it was possible to estimate on-eye the distance of these horizontals from the places

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