SU505773A1 - Trench digging depth adjustment device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the mechanization and automation of land reclamation operations.

A device for adjusting the depth of digging trenches is known, which includes sensitive elements, a movable working element, a working member with a lifting mechanism, control circuits with switches, linear displacement sensors and a control unit.

However, in the known device, the required accuracy of adjusting the depth of digging trenches on a given slope is not ensured. The adjustment error of the digging depth can be within ± 3-15 cm, which exceeds the allowable accuracy of the specified gradient equal to ± 2 cm.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of adjusting the depth of digging trenches on a given slope by eliminating errors in the angular oscillations of the working body of the earth-moving machinery.

For this, in the proposed device of sensitive elements, the elements are installed with the possibility of its vertical displacement relative to the movable working element by means of a correction cylinder, and the other two sensitive elements are installed parallel to the axis of the correction cylinder with the possibility of their vertical displacements relative to the working element

by means of additional cylinders mounted on it, with the body of the correction cylinder that is connected to the sensitive working element by means of the upper link and the rod to the movable working element by means of the lower link with the stop installed so that it can interact with the mounts mounted on the working element .

FIG. 1 shows the proposed device; in fig. 2 - the same, side view; in fig. 3 is a block diagram of a control circuit of a movable operating element (the electrical control circuit is indicated by a solid line, and the mechanical interconnection of the elements is shown by a dotted line).

The device includes sensitive elements 1-3, movable working element 4 with cylinder 5, working element 6 with lifting mechanism 7, control circuit with switches 8-10, sensors // - 13 linear displacements, block; to control 14, corrective cylinder 15, additional cylinders 16 and 17, upper tug 18 and lower tgu

in the form of a cable 19 with a stop 20. Top ha ha / S consists of a cable 21 with a block 22 and a drop weight 23 and a rod 24. The control circuit of the correction cylinder 15 includes sensors of angular displacements 25 of the working body

6, rod linear sensor 26

corrective cylinder 15 and power supply unit 14. Angular displacement sensors 25 are made with photoelectric sensitive elements / -3, converters 27-29, actuators in the form of additional cylinders 16 and 17, linear displacement sensors 11-13 and computational BLO; KOM 30.

The device works as follows.

When the sensitive elements 1–3 exit the plane of the beam 31, parallel to the line of a given slope, they block the error signals. After conversion into conversions 27-29, the mismatch signals arrive at cylinders 5, 16 and 17, which return the sensitive elements I-3 to the horizontal plane of beam 31. The magnitudes of actuator movements recorded by the // // 13 sensors go to block 30, where the longitudinal φ and transverse p movements of the working body 6 are calculated, and then to the control unit 14. Depending on the movements φ and | 3, the control unit 14 calculates the required amount of movement of the cylinder rod 15, and consequently, the sensitive element 1 by the formulas:

l x

COStp-COs: A Yao (1-cos f cos P) -b L sin f,

where A is the error occurring at angular oscillations of the working member; Yao and L are the coordinates of the installation of the sensitive element relative to the lowest point of the working organ, see when f 0, ip 0; ф and р - angular longitudinal and transverse movements of the working body; compares Xi with signal X coming from sensor 26 for linear movement of cylinder rod 15, using the formula:

AX Xi-X2

and when it issues a signal to turn on cylinder 15, and for AH 0, to turn it off. When the cylinder 15 moves the sensitive element / from the plane of the beam 31, the error signal after conversion to

Converter 27 enters the power cylinder 5, which moves the sensing element / again to the plane of the beam 31, and the lower point of the movable working element 4 to the required depth. Due to the inertia of the system with a cylinder 15, the required speed is eliminated and the sensitivity of the sensitive element is high according to the calculated signal, the elimination of error A and an increase in the accuracy of adjusting the depth of digging trenches, drains, etc., on a given slope.

In the extreme positions of the movable working element 4 relative to the working body 6, the switches 8 or 10 turn on the mechanism for raising the working body, and the switch 9 turns it off in the middle position of the movable working element 4 relative to the working body 6.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Depth adjustment device trenching, including sensitive elements, a movable working element, a working body with a lifting mechanism, control circuits from the switch, mi, linear displacement sensors and a control unit, a tl and more so that, in order to improve accuracy depth adjustment; One of the sensitive elements is installed with the possibility of its vertical movement relative to the movable working element by means of a correction cylinder, and two other sensitive elements are installed parallel to the axis of the correction cylinder with the possibility of their vertical movements relative to the working element by means of additional cylinders mounted on it, with the corrective cylinder crutsus connected to the “sensitive element by means of the upper link and the jib - to the movable working element by means of the lower link with an emphasis installed with the possibility of interaction with switches fixed on the working body.