SU50088A1 - The method of construction of the dam of rock sketches - Google Patents

Description

Mixed dam dams, i.e., with thick rock paving and anti-filtration part of soft soils on the pressure side, are now favorably used in practice due to the possibility of building their sketches of stone into flowing water without using bridges. Dammed dams, when they are constructed without bridges, require, however, like all dams, in most cases of lateral diversion of the river flow, i.e., prior derivation device or other water diverting structures. When building a dam, it is usual to first of all make a diversion channel, as well as a spillway to skip the flow rate, and then close the bed with a bed of stone. the sequence requires an increase in the intensity of work on each structure in view of the shortening of its period. the buildings.

In addition, overlapping of the river channel after the end of the canal leads to the inevitable stacking of large volumes of stone mined from the channel’s ditch, if the latter passes into the rock, then a kick can go into sketching in a continuous flow while developing.

The bottom dam is also sometimes closed by means of bottom openings in the body of a concrete weir or by means of a tunnel, etc .; In all such cases, it is necessary to first prepare a device for the removal of water, and then cut off the channel.

The described method is intended to create the possibility of the simultaneous construction of a dam with a derivation, if the latter provided for it with the project, and to block the channel by sketching without flooding.

The essence of the method lies in the fact that pipes are laid at a certain height at a certain height, which are intended to serve as a temporary spillway and which, after passing through them, are embedded. In this way, work conditions are created in which the construction of the dam body does not depend on the construction of the diversion channel and the spillway and due to this, a significant reduction in construction time is possible.

The drawing shows schematically the various stages of the construction of the dam by the described method, with FIG. 1 and 2 depict the view from the downstream; FIG. 3 - cross section.

The rock shed construction can start from one or both banks, i.e., the stone is gradually advanced into the river (Fig. 1).

: The value of the Permissible Compression, or otherwise, the size of the temporary opening / for the passage of the flow rate of the installation, is established in advance by hydra calculation, based on the permissible flow rates. To protect the bottom of the channel in the hole from erosion, this is covered with a stone. Since the overlap should be confined to low water, the admissible constraint of the channel can be very large.

Before receiving 1 and the holes of a proper size, reinforced concrete or wooden pipes 2 (Fig. 2) are installed on the platform, which can skip the maximum autumn or winter consumption, depending on the moment of closing the opening 7. At the same time, layers of 5 can be made off the coast. (Fig. 3) reverse the dam filter. After the pipes are installed, the latter are loaded with stone and the sketches of the sites are raised.

OrojjobkH pipes are located about 10 m from the raised cone of the outline. The area formed in front of the pipes is covered with a wooden temporary hollow, which is matched with a layer 3 of the inverse filter of the dam, which is laid on the pressure slope of the draft. At the ends of the pipes on the bottom side, a slope is attached to the floor with wooden floor, anchored into the draft by large stone or other commonly used techniques.

After the pipes 2 are ready to pass water, the hole is closed.

Since when closing the opening 7, the flow of the river from the opening to the pipes is transferred, the laying mark of the pipes is of decisive importance in terms of ease of closing the outline of the opening 7; the lower the pipes are laid, the easier it is to close the hole. However, even if it is impossible to locate the pipes at low markings. Devices below the jumper dam. Such a jumper, supporting water, creates / an intermediate tail with a higher level of the horizon, which reduces the difference in the hole and makes it easier to close. Creating an intermediate pool, thanks to the flooding of the pipes, simplifies the mounting below them and even makes it unnecessary.

After the hole has been closed, work is carried out to further build a rock layer and dump the reverse filter to the design marks.

The flow of the river passes through the pipe at a certain backwater. The amount of backwater is obtained from the allowable headwater horizon for the duration of the operation of the pipes. I

During the operation of the pipes, work is underway on laying layers of a reverse dam filter in both the subsea and the aerial parts. In places removed from the pipes, for example, at the mate with the shores, the anti-filtration part of the dam is also laid.

After passing through the water inlets in the rock layer, i.e., after completing work on the installation of a permanent spillway, the pipes are closed with shields. These shields can be of any simple design, for example, spoke, as they are intended for action only once.

Having closed the pipes, they proceed to an intensive sketching of a stone in the area in front of the pipes (Fig. 3), removing the wooden wall in front of them. Aligned to the outline of the project contour, lay the layers 3 of the reverse filter and then pour sandy loam 4 of the dam.

The flow of the river after the closure of the pipes occurs either through the diversion canal completed by this time, or the accumulation of water in the reservoir occurs. Pipes after the complete cessation of water flow in them are laid on the downstream side by dry stonework.

The subject matter of the invention.

The method of erection of rock-laying dams, characterized in that pipes are laid into the rock-laying at a certain height, which are intended to serve as a temporary spillway and which, after passing them into need, are buried.

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