SU490932A2 - The method of development of mineral deposits by leaching of metal from ores - Google Patents

Description

the long axis, and the wells exploding onto the cutting compensation gap are drilled with parallel fans of the perpendicular rio to the drill drift.

The supply of the solution to the leaching unit is carried out via a piping laid in a suitable development. In this development, near the chambers of the block, blind waterproof jumpers of acid-resistant material are installed.

Under favorable conditions, it is possible to use the wells drilled into the block from the surface or from the upper horizon to supply the solution.

In order to receive the metal-containing solution, drainage slots are provided that pass along the contour of the leaching unit to the full extent of the ore deposit. They are narrow (0.5–1 m wide), open or filled with broken rock excavations with a special solution-receiving bottom. In some cases, ordinary non-narrow (4-5 m) chambers with a gasified ore equipped with a solvent-receiving bottom can be used as drainage gaps. Such chambers are advisable to use when the ore is not less than 6 m thick. The leaching of ore in the contouring (drainage) chambers is carried out according to the infiltration scheme — by feeding the solution to the ore roof using an irrigation system.

Narrow (5-10 m) filtering pillars are left between the crucible and the central leaching chamber with the mapped ore and the contouring drainage slits. To regulate the flow rate of the hydrodynamic flow, the pillars can be perforated by drainage wells drilled from the preparatory workings of the drainage slots and equipped with valves. In this case, the development of drainage slots should be open.

When leaching ore in a group of blocks, drainage slots can be common drainage devices for several blocks.

The leach solution is piped into the central chamber of the aerated ores under pressure, ensuring its directional movement in the chamber through the crushed rocks and then through the filter pillars into the contouring drainage slots. The metal-containing solutions are collected in drainage workings and drained along the grooves to the mortar container, from where they are pumped to the surface for further processing.

The dimensions of the block are selected on the basis of an assessment of the geological and structural features and mining and technical conditions and are justified by hydrogeological calculations.

An important advantage of the proposed mining block design is the fact that the ores repulsed in the clamped environment

they themselves will maintain an unstable roof after leaching. This eliminates the cost of laying the chambers with hardening mixtures.

The most effective application of the proposed leaching method in the development of reservoir deposits with ore deposits of low and medium thickness (3-15 m), which are composed of slightly or unevenly permeable rocks, especially in layered sedimentary strata, in the section of which the permeable layers alternate with slightly permeable or generally impermeable .

Underground leaching can be carried out in combination with conventional mining operations or in separate areas independently.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a leaching unit on stretched in plan areas and a section along A-A; in fig. 2 - the same, on sites of an isometric form and a section on BB. The leaching solution is fed into the leaching chamber 1 through the injection pipeline 2 through waterproof jumper 3 in the passage openings 4. Receiving the metal-containing solution is carried out by drainage slots 5 0.5-1 m wide, which are passed through the entire ore deposit from drainage openings 6, outlining leaching unit, and used for its preparation and removal of the solution. Between the central chamber 1, the drainage openings 6 and the slots 5, the filtering pillar 7 is left. From the drainage openings 6 to the central chamber 1 horizontal drainage wells 8 are drilled through the filtering pillar 7, which are equipped with valves to adjust the leaching mode.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the chamber 9 in the central part of the block is used to supply the leach solution. This camera is the central part of the preparatory development, passed along the axis of the block and extinguished (except for the central

parts) during the storage of the internal pillar 10. Before the preparatory development has been drained, a pipeline 2 is laid therein connecting the injection system of the leaching section with chamber 9 in the center

block. The leach solution is fed through conduit 2 under pressure, which ensures its movement from chamber 9 through mazaginizirovanny ores and filter pillars 7 to

drainage devices: peaks 5 and horizontal wells 8. Metal-containing solutions are collected in the drainage workings and retracted along the grooves to the central mortar collector, from where they are pumped to

surface for further processing.

Subject invention

The way of the development of mineral deposits is leaching the metal from the ores by the author. St. 448279, characterized in that, in order to enable

maintaining the developed space, the ore in the block is pre-crushed in the clamp, leaving the inner side of the flanking slots of the filter pillars, which contour the chamber.

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