SU487476A3 - Device for electrophoresis of colloidal systems - Google Patents

Description

The difference in pH values in the extreme intermediate chambers with buffer solution, attached to the electrode chambers, can be achieved by feeding each chamber with its own buffer electrolyte, the pH value and buffer capacity of which are chosen in advance, but this requires two installations for powering each chamber .

It is preferable to use buffer electrolytes having the same pH values and buffering capacity, and to circulate them through the respective chambers at rates that ensure the establishment of the optimum pH value in at least one of the compartments under the action of ion transfer. In this case, you can use a common source of buffer electrolyte and divide it, and two streams, each of which feeds the corresponding chamber. These streams are then connected and recycled, after adjusting their composition.

In the case when caustic soda solution is used as the electrolyte, the cation-exchange membrane on the anode side allows +

The passage of Na ions and the anion-exchange membrane on the cathode side permits the passage of OH ions.

The iB electrophoresis process requires correcting the electrolyte by adding caustic soda, and neutralizing caustic soda with an equivalent amount of hydrochloric acid in the buffer electrolyte (if the solution to be treated contains or may contain chlorides). In addition, the cation-metabolism membrane prevents chloride ions from forming chlorine on the anode — a substance that is harmful for a steel anode, such as for most treated solutions.

If an acid solution is used as an electrolyte, then, as a rule, an oxygen-containing acid is chosen, sulfuric nalimer. If the presence of ions of this Acid is undesirable for the solution being treated, then it is possible to feed the anode chamber with such oxygen-containing acid, and the cathode chamber with another acid, for example hydrochloric acid.

The device 1 can be made in the form of concentric ring elements or flat superimposed elements. In the latter case, the height of the compartments above their width is usually 3: 1 to 5: 1. The width of the compartments is small - less than 10 mm and can be 1-4 mm.

-Several cells can be grouped into batteries (in series, in parallel, or on the rear panel).

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the proposed device; in fig. 2 is a diagram of the assembly of one of the symmetrical paddles, the device.

The device has a housing 1, divided chamber PA: the anode electrode chamber 2

with an anode 3, an intermediate buffer chamber 4, an anode electrophoresis compartment 5 and an electrophoresis cathode compartment 6, an intermediate buffer chamber 7 and a cathode electrode chamber 8 with cathodes 9. The chambers are separated by membranes: a cation-exchange membrane 0, a semipermeable membrane 11, through which 1 can pass molecules with a molecular weight less than 500,

microporous membrane 12 through which

extractable components may pass,

semi-permeable membrane 13, similar

Lembraie //, and anio-exchange membrane 14.

All chambers have opposite holes for circulation of solutions — in the anode electrode chamber 2 — holes 15 and 16, in the intermediate buffer chamber 4 — holes 17 and 18, in electrophoresis of the anode compartment 5 — holes 19 and

20, in the electrophoresis of the cathode compartment - the hole 21, in the intermediate buffer chamber 7 - the holes 22 and 23, in the cathode electrode chamber 8 - the holes 24 and 25.

The processed solution is introduced into the electrophoresis compartment 5 through the opening 19. The solution c5) is filtered through a microporous membrane 1 at 12. By setting the difference in hydrostatic pressure, a part of the liquid is passed on both sides of the membrane G2 and

its filtered components are through the cathode electrophoresis compartment 6. Filtered and unfiltered fractions of the treated solution are released respectively through the holes 20 and 21.

The electrolyte in the electrode chambers 2 and 8 is supplied correspondingly through the holes 15 and

24 and are discharged together with electrolysis gases through the openings 16 and 25. Both electrolyte streams are connected in tanks 26 and

pumping into the cycle by the pump 27. In the tank

25, a reagent is introduced to correct electrolyte through line 28.

The buoyant solution is entered into the tank and 4 yi 7, respectively, through the openings 17 and 22 and discharged through the openings 18 and 23. Both flows of the buffer solution are connected in the tank 29 and returned to the cycle by the pump 30.

The electrolyte consumption in chambers 4 n 7 is regulated accordingly by valves 31 and 32 n.

They are measured by flow meters 33 and 34. The heat exchanger 35 is immersed in a tank 29 and the temperature in the cell is controlled through a controlled thermostat 36. Reagent may be introduced into tank 29 to maintain the required pH value on pipeline 57 with a monitored instrument 38.

Electrodes 3 and 9 are connected to a DC generator.

Below is an example of a device assembly. Chambers 6-8 (ohm. Fig. 2) correspond to the cathode half of the device. The other anodic half is located symmetrically to the plane of the microporous membrane 12. The cell is formed by laying the membranes 12-14

and intermediate flat frames 39-41 between two rigid plates 42, which can be threaded with threaded pins, passed through the holes 43.

To form the chambers, the intermediate frames 39-41 are hollowed out in the center. The membranes and frames have holes 44, which, when combined, form a distribution channel for the passage of the solution between the various chambers.

Frames 39-41 are made from any insulating material and can come into contact with any liquids. For example, when processing blood, they can be made and coated with fluorine-containing polymers OR silicone elastomers.

Each of the electrodes may be formed from a stainless steel grid, to which the supply wires 45 fit through the thickness of the gasket. In other chambers, lattices are formed, which are formed from two layers of thermally insulated wires coated with polyethylene or other plastic material, and, if necessary, silica-coated. They serve to hold the membranes and to more evenly distribute the solution flows in each chamber due to turbulence in the flow.

PREEL GET Invention

A device for electrophoresis of colloidal systems, including cathode and anode electrode chambers, filled with electrolyte, and intermediate chambers located between them, separated by semipermeable membranes and filled with buffer solution and treated solution, autonomous circulation circuits for electrolyte, buffer solution and treated solution, circulating through appropriate electrode and intermediate chambers, characterized in that, in order to carry out electrophoresis without changing th processed composition ras0 creates, device is configured with four intermediate chambers, the two outermost of which are separated from the anode and cathode electrode chambers by ion-exchange membranes - anion and cation exchange, respectively.

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Fig /