SU48372A1 - Typographic printing machine - Google Patents

Description

With a significant increase in flat (offset) printing, methods for preparing a printing form for it are still very complex. The task of the proposed typesetting machine is to prepare such a form with a minimum number of intermediate processes.

The production of the machine can be used not only for preparing forms for flat printing, but also for intaglio and also for high printing by transforming the original written on it into a matrix.

The machine produces text in typographic font, with the line turned off and the corresponding distance between the lines, the strip into the strip with the printed matter, on one or another material (paper, cellophane, etc.) or directly on the printing plate material. The machine does not require metal for dialing; it refers to bukvonabornye machines, i.e., it goes without a store of letters needed in row-type machines. This allows it to be given small dimensions within a wide carriage typewriter.

Compared to other machines pursuing the same goal (photo-diagonal), the proposed machine has the advantage that the imprint is obtained by mechanical imprint, i.e., is directly visible and does not require intermediate processes, for example, manifestation, fixation, etc.

Obtaining an image on paper by printing a letter on a removable rotating wheel provides the speed of the machine, surpassing the existing machine set and the possibility of typing in any font and size on any European language without increasing the size of the machine.

The proposed typewriter. The machine provides an equal onslaught and the same color of the written text; allows you to write in any font and size with the observance of the features of typographic typing; provides line shutdown, line and proofreading; allows for automatic proofreading.

In FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through a machine; FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section at the shaft level; FIG. 3 is a top view; FIG. 4 is a diagram of connecting a key with a "drum and" shaft; FIG. 5-scheme of the paint apparatus; FIG. b-pin; FIG. 7-diagram of the inking apparatus with a photocell; FIG. 8- link track; FIG. 9-device for automatic shutdown on the shaft of spring loading pads.

The machine consists of the following main parts: 1) „a drum into several fonts or pins, 2)„ a shaft on which the impression is made and 3) an inking machine.

The print of a separate letter occurs on the edge of a 2/5 shaft 23. The letters 245 (Fig. 8) are located in one row on a track line 201, continuously rotating from the cylinder 200 coupled to it. In the cylinder 200 there are a number of holes 214. 220 a pin 207 enters the corresponding bore 214 and stops the continuously rotating cylinder. The shaft 23 rises and a print is taken on the verge 215. When the key returns, pin 207 exits cylinder 200 and tape 201 continues to move. The printed letter is rolled in by paint 56. Shaft 23 and cylinder 200 are mutually perpendicular.

Drum - makes only one movement around its axis. In the proposed drum, the number of different combinations (headsets and pins) can be increased to four or more. The drum is fixed in the desired position by stopping it (as in the normal state it is in motion).

The name „drum in the proposed machine is conditional. By this word is meant a complex device carrying letters. The round shape of the surface on which the letters are applied requires space in the spaces between the letters to ensure the cleanliness of the print (so that neighboring letters are not imprinted at the same time) and the larger, the larger the circumference of the surface bearing the letters. Therefore, the surface of the carrier letter is shaped into an ellipse; it resembles the track 201. A conditional number of headsets (or pins) is placed on each link 202 of the track 201. Considering the machine on a skittle 20 (approximately), and therefore the width of the platform 215 of the shaft 23, on which the impression is made, is 1 cm, for four sets we must take the longitudinal link (or tape width) 4 cm. The letters on the tape are located in height , that is, along the tape (along the generatrix), and the whole drum is set perpendicular to the length of the shaft 23. "Drum

it is made of two types: on the skittle up to 12 inclusive and from 16; It is possible to make three types: up to 8 inclusively 10-12 inclusively and from 16; By platform, conditionally means the area on the link occupied by the largest letter of the maximum size. If you take a skittle 12, then 90 significant letters will take (12X90) 1080 points or 42 cm, i.e. the track will be 15-20 cm high. On a b-8 skittle, the ribbon will be 28 cm long (i.e., 10-12 cm}. The need for such a platform and the size of the tape is caused by the paint rolling system. With those set modifications, when the paint rolling does not have to be individual (i.e., to a certain letter), each tape gets the size according to the size it is calculated.

The drum is in continuous motion, provided by the mechanism described below. Inside the track, the cylinder 200 rotates, the diameter of which is equal to the minor axis of the track. It is coupled with a track. The latter can be moved along it with a screw (not shown in the drawing). The rotation of the cylinder 201 itself depends on the rotation of this cylinder 200. The teeth of the cylinder and the belt are designed so that the predetermined rotation of the belt link corresponds to a cylinder turning at a certain angle. Such a device allows the shaft to be opposed to the desired letter by stopping the rotating, tracked belt. For this purpose, along the cylinder there are holes 214 (a total of 90 holes in the number of letters). The holes are arranged in such a way that, at the lower end of the link (in the position of the centered opposition to the shaft), the hole is on the same line with it. Thus, if the pin 207 is placed against the hole, then at that moment, when the pin enters the hole, the track will stop and the letter will be centered to withstand the shaft. A directional movement of the tape without hesitation to the side is provided by a device 247, similar to perforations in a film. Cylinder 200 is driven from axis 203, at the end of which is a mechanism 209, 210 supporting continuous rotational motion. Cylinder 200 and a track are moving from axis 203 when the cylinder (from the pin) stops, the axis continues to rotate; on exit of the pin 207 from the hole 214, it instantly picks up the cylinder and rotates it to the next stop. The separation of the axis and cylinder at the time of the print can be provided by different mechanisms. At the indicated speeds, it is sufficient for the axle to be driven by the transfer belt. When the “drum” stops, the tape slides around the idle axis. This device eliminates the need to rotate the drum each time to imprint the desired letter, replacing this by stopping the continuously moving drum. The speed of the whole system can be adjusted according to the skill of the driver. The most profitable in each case is the speed at which the speed of work is not lower than the time for a complete revolution of the tape.

The belt gear 246 of the ribbon 201 covers the wheel of the cylinder 200 by 4-5 cm and allows the track to move along it, thus becoming the desired typeface (or pins). The axis 203, the cylinder 200 and the track 201 are together and comprise a drum. It is fastened in the grooves 204, 205 and can be easily removed from there, allowing the combination of headsets and pins to be changed.

The keypad 220 is closely associated with the drum. In the proposed device, no key or deep key descent is required. The dialing actually happens when you touch it, since the key dive does not exceed a few millimeters. When the key 226 is moved down, three contacts 22 /, 222, 225 are closed, two of them 22 / and 222 simultaneously, and 225 - in series. At the same time, contact 222 is closed on the stop 206 „of the drum (relatively long) and 22 / on the movement of 2/6 of the shaft across the width of the letter going on the impression (instantaneous), and 225-on pressing the shaft 25 to the ribbon 201 for the impression (relatively long).

Pins 207 are located along the extreme bottom line of the cylinder against the holes, separated from the cylinder 200 by a fraction of a millimeter. The pins are firmly fixed between the two strips 211, 2/2, with each pin going to the electromagnet 206, the current to which is closed through the corresponding key. When the key is touched, the brad 207 rises and its slightly spring cob head 208 rolls along the cylinder to meet with its orifice 214. Once in it, the pin stops the cylinder and, with it, the track on the desired letter.

After the imprint, the current to the pin (when the key 220 is reversed) opens, the pin returns to its original position, and the track continues to move.

The keyboard can have either one or two or even three characters per key. An additional sign requires switching the current each time similarly to register translation on a typewriter. Structurally, the machine allows for a certain number of characters on a key, provided that one key contains signs of the same width.

The name "conditional shaft. In reality, 25, 2/5 is a polyhedron. It consists either of two spring-loaded pads with a thickness of one point, compressed and sliding apart when it is turned off, or there is a device for turning it off on rubber, or replaceable strips of thick paper (or other material) are fixed, the bottom side of which is covered with magnetic edges. substance (for the attraction of the facets of the shaft); such strips can be used if originals are written using a string length counter. In this case, the shutdown is performed as follows: since the number of layers in the row is known, the magnitude of the gaps between them is known; The typesetter writes to the last word, after which he lowers the shaft carriage to the format, and then writes the last word in reverse order. In this way a completely flat line of the right gender is ensured.

When switched off on rubber and on the “strip” after preliminary correction, the imposition occurs on a vertical machine.

When writing on strips, the layout can occur either in the same process or on a design machine, which is a triangular shaft, the stripe being attracted to one face, scanned or photographed from the second (through the lens or by contact), the third stripe disappears on the rack.

When writing on a spring-loaded plate, the automatic switch is provided by the following device: on the right side of the shaft 23, the transverse plate-photocell 257 is pushed on the skid on the format. When the shaft rotates, it moves away (disappears) and does not interfere with the print on paper (or other material which is layout), the spring-loaded pads 25 are compressed by the rod 239 and the spring 238, which presses the rod to the shaft, and the pads to each other. Light incident on the face of the shaft at the photocell is reflected on the photocell 257. If the face surface is free from black marks, the photocell turns on and turns on electromagnet 229 via pin 256, and when a sign hits the photocell 257 field, the photocell turns off, The core 233 closes the current to the electromagnet 252. The dog 25, previously exiting the serrations 25 / due to the weight (hang-up) of the end 255, is attracted by the electromagnet 252, and the end 254 is lowered into the gear 25 /. It is associated with a small gear 25, running along the slats of the rod 25P. When the dog 234 stopped the wheel 25 /, then the rod 259 stopped from him through the servo 250 and locked in the reached position; now the photocell plate can move away. After the impression, the entire system returns automatically to its original position.

The longitudinal movement of the shaft 25 each time for the width of the letter (along the pin and the headset) is provided by the following mechanism: the shaft 25 is fixed in the carriage 2/7, with which it moves, with the runner carriage 2/7

they have a rifle, whose schag is equal to the common greatest divisor of the widths of all the letters participating in the set. Under the runners, on the left and on the right, are the serrations 2/6, 226 with the same tooth pitch, which in one way or another provide rotational motion with uniform speed. The gear is held by the pawl 219, which, however, allows for a shift in the opposite direction. The left-hand gear 276 provides the movement of the carriage to the left, the right 226-in the opposite direction.

The dog 219 departs from the 2/6 teeth for a strictly calculated time allowing the carriage to move for a certain distance (in size and typeface). A dog's waste is caused by its electromagnet 218. Its current passing through the winding consists of the following values: current passing through one of 6-10 rheostats 226, the resistance of which corresponds to the ratio of 6-10 groups into which the letters can be connected across the width, and the current passing through the rheostat 227, with a movable contact 228, setting the resistance (added to the first), respectively, to the size and headset. When the key 226 is lowered simultaneously with the closure of the current by contact 222 on the pin 207, the stopping drum closes the current on the pawl 219. Preliminarily (on the plate) the moving contact 225 of the rheostat 227 is mounted on the pin and the headset. From each key, according to the width of the characters placed on it, the current passes through the corresponding rheostat 226. The resulting current will deflect the pawl 219 and move the shaft to a certain distance. With the reverse movement of the key, the current closure to the shaft advancing does not take place. When raised, the key opens the current to the pin 207, which returns to its original position. The whitespace cells have contact only on the dog. Spaces are designed for round lobes, the size of which is established, therefore, by a pin. If it is necessary to move the shaft in the opposite direction, the current is switched to the right dog with a conventional switch. Rotation of the shaft around the axis takes place at the keyboard, and its return to its original position by pressing the pedal.

The inking unit serves to roll in the newly printed mark or letter and is located on one side-to the left. It consists of a paint roller 56 and two rubbing rollers 55 which are in continuous motion. The paint roller, rolling the letter, abuts the rubbing rollers and renews the paint supply. The colorful roller 56 always suits the imprinted letter at the same time, since the links of the drum caterpillar are the same width, the speed of the caterpillar is constant, and the letter is always fixed in the center of its platform on the link. Because of this, during the time from the imprint until the link arrives at the knurling point, the paint roller must move away from the rubbing and come close to the link, the slit along the 2/3 rollers and, therefore, having a support area for the knurling. The roller will come to a stop in the gap between adjacent links. The paint roller 56 approaches the approach by pulling it with an electromagnet 123, which occurs when the pin 207 comes out of the electromagnet cylinder 206.

This is ensured by the following mechanism: in front, in front of the worker’s eyes, there is a control pin 224, which rises and falls simultaneously with the pin 207 entering the hole in the cylinder 2W. Its design is distinguished by the fact that on the way back it passes along the contact pad 225, closure of the contact with the colorful roller 56 (the current does not close on the way up). The length of the pad should provide a closure for the time required for knurling. A tan as a full revolution of a caterpillar is 0.2 sec., And from a print to a roller / 4 turns, the required time for knurling will be 0.05 sec. At this time, the contact in the check pin closes. If the caterpillar is designed for another kegel, then the contact pad is lengthened with a special screw (not shown in the drawing) that sets other parts of the machines in pins (carriage pitch, paint supply, etc.). Colorful roller

from the link of the caterpillar is located at a distance that provides the specified rate of its advancement. The paint rolls. When returning to the initial position, the roller provides ink supply 63, 64, 66 to the rubbing rollers in the amount corresponding to the size of the imprinted letter. The paint is prepared on a semi-drying or non-drying oil and, thus, all the letters are freshly rolled paint (drying of the paint is not required by the nature of the further processes), as each letter that was on the print is rolled.

The following design of the paint apparatus is also possible: on the path of the track 20J a screen 243 is placed, behind which a photocell 244 is placed. The tape 201 has a black background and all rolled black letters and, therefore, giving a reflection on the matte screen 243, will not act on the photocell 244 When the letter passes in front of the screen, being on a print, is light against a dark background, as the paint has gone to paper and so on, the photocell will turn on the relay on the colorful roller, which in a moment will approach the letter. Photocell 244 turns on when illuminated and the core 242 is attracted; at the same time, the current on the electromagnet 24} opens and the pad 240 will close the current to the electromagnet / 23, moving the colorful roller to the letter. When darkened, the corque will disappear, close the current to the electromagnet 241, no pad 240 and break the current to electromagnet / 25; colorful roller will move away from the letters. If the current shutdown is made dependent on the width of the letter (the pad itself turns off the current), then the total length of the tape 20J can be given as the sum of the width of the individual letters.

Upon further lowering of the key, the current closes on the mechanism, which raises the shaft 23 to the drum 225, // 5, and an impression occurs. The shaft is located a short distance from the drum. The pressing is fast and smooth, which ensures good print quality. Since the track on the shaft is narrowed, the colorful machine is located high, and the axis of the drum is perpendicular to the shaft.

This ensures good visibility of the written line. When you remove the finger from the keyboard, the system returns to its original position.

Work on the machine is as follows. The typesetter secures the drum 203 in the slots 204, 205 and sets the required row on the track belt with a screw, then sets the carriage pitch and headset, the speed of movement of the paint roller and the size of paint supply with screw 228, as all these moments are connected with pitch, and by lightly pressing the key, it simultaneously stops the required letter and advances the shaft to its width (the letter is always in the center of the link-pad) and successively presses the shaft to the drum and imprint. When the key moves backward, it opens the current to the pin stopping the drum and returns it to its original position. The control pin 224, when the pin 207 comes out of the electromagnet 206 cylinder, closes the current onto the ink roller 56, feeds it to the just-printed letter, rolls it and returns it to the ink to the rubbing rollers 55. On the return path, the roller 56 provides for the renewal of ink . When the line comes to an end, a signal (bell, light) is given and the typesetter either turns off the line if the original is written on the counter, or counts the end. By pressing the key, the shaft is turned, the line is turned off automatically if the layout is

In the same process. If the layout is about. comes as a separate process, then you. The key is made in a vertical machine. Thus, the typesetter spends time, with few exceptions, only on the letter, as such, since the rest of the process is automated.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A typographic writing machine for printing, using continuously rotating endless ribbon 201 with 245 different fonts and pins attached to its surface, and stopped by pressing the corresponding key 220 to be mounted against a polygonal shaft 25, in order to produce paper prints and the like material located on the verge 215 of the shaft 23 when the latter is lifted. 2. In the machine according to claim 1, a device for driving the belt 20J into rotation, characterized by the use of a cylinder 200 located inside the belt 201 and engaged with the teeth on the belt by means of a gear ring. 3. In the machine according to claim 1, the device for stopping the tape when pressing the keys 220, characterized in that the surface of the cylinder 200 is provided with openings 214 for the retaining pins 207 actuated by the pressed key by means of electromagnets 206.