SU443895A1 - The method of obtaining acetone-formaldehyde foams - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to methods for producing acetone-formaldehyde foams that can be used in the manufacture of drainage pipes, filter materials, in the construction industry, shipbuilding, and aircraft manufacturing.

A method of producing acetone-formaldehyde foams is known by sifting and curing the monomeric condensation products of acetone with formaldehyde by heating. However, the foams obtained by this method are not waterproof at all and have a low mechanical strength.

The aim of the invention is to increase the water resistance and mechanical strength of adhesion-formaldehyde foams.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the process is carried out in the presence of condensation resins with reactive primary or secondary hydroxyl groups in an amount of 20-200% by weight of monomeric products or a mixture of said condensation resins with emulsion vinyl chloride, taken in the amount of 6-16% by weight of condensation resins

As monomeric condensation products of acetone with formaldehyde use MONO-, di- and trimethylol acetones or their mixtures.

Of the “sensational resins with reactive primary or secondary hydroxyl groups), phenol-formaldehyde resins of the resole type, furylphenol form ice-aldehyde, urine formaldehyde, epoxy, and other resins are used.

Depending on the amount of condensation resin and emulsion polyvinyl chloride, foams with different density (0.08-0.46 g / cm) and compressive strength (8-34 kgf / cm) are obtained.

An increase in the amount of modifying resin leads to an improvement in these indicators, while an increase in the content of emulsion polyvallclada leads to a decrease in density and an increase in compressive strength.

Water resistance to foams is attributed to the non-condensation reaction occurring between methyl acetone derivatives and a condensation resin, accompanied by the formation of a three-dimensional network structure.

Example 1. To 100 weight. including methanol derivatives of acetone with 1,7-metnolgroup added 30 weight. including a rezol phenol-formaldehyde resin (mol. cent. 300-350) with -1.5% pactBOpeHHoro zinc chloride in it, placed in a beaker for foaming and mixed thoroughly. Then 1.5-2 wt. including 50% aqueous solution of caustic potash and 6 wt. including chloroform. After mixing the components, the beaker is placed in a heat chamber. Foaming and curing is carried out at 130-135 ° C. The resulting foam has a light yellow color. The degree of curing according to Soxhlet is 96-97%, the density is 0.15 g / cm, the ultimate compressive strength is 8 kgf / cm, the water absorption is 18 g / dm. Example 2. The procedure is as in Example 1, but 60 wt. including phenol-formaldehyde resin solids. Intensification and curing is carried out at 135-140 ° C. The resulting foam has a light brown color. The degree of curing according to Soxhlet is 95-97%, the density is 0.22 g / cm, the ultimate compressive strength 12 KGS / CM2, water absorption 17.2 g / dm. Example 3. Proceed as in example 1, only take 100 weight. including resol fepol-formaldehyde resin. To avoid excessive foaming, the curing is performed in two steps. First, the mixture is heated to 110 ° C and maintained at this temperature for 1.5 hours, then the temperature is raised to 135-140 ° C and maintained for 2 hours. The resulting foam is brown in color. The degree of curing according to Soxhlet is 96%, the density is 0.27 g / cm, the ultimate compressive strength is 16 kgf / cm, the water absorption is 16.1 g / dm. Example 4. Proceed as in example 1, but using 150 weight. including rezol phenol formaldehyde resin. Foaming and curing is carried out in the same manner as in Example 3. The cured foam has a dark brown color. The degree of curing according to Soxhlet is 97%, the density is 0.35 g / cm, the compressive strength is 20 kgf / cm, the water absorption is 14 g / dm. Example 5. The procedure is as in Example 1, but 200 weight% is used. including rezol phenol formaldehyde resin. Foaming and curing are carried out in two stages. First, the mixture is heated to 110 ° C and maintained at this temperature for 1.5 hours, then the temperature is raised to 150-155 ° C and maintained for 2 hours. The foam has a dark brown color. The degree of curing according to Soxhlet is 97%, the density of 0.45 g / cm, the ultimate compressive strength of 25 kgf / cm, the water absorption of 12.3 g / dm. . Example 6. To 100 weight. including methylol derivatives of acetone with 1,7-methylol groups, 20 wt. part of furylphenol-formaldehyde resin (mol. century 350-380) with 1.5% zinc chloride dissolved in it, placed in a beaker for foaming and thoroughly mixed. Then 2.5 wt. including 50% aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide and 7 wt. including trichlorethylene. After mixing, the beaker is placed in a heating cabinet. Foaming and curing is carried out at 105-110 ° C. The resulting foam has a brown color. The degree of curing according to Soxhlet is 96%, the density is 0.2 g / cm, the compressive strength is 5 kgf / cm, the water absorption is 18.4 g / dm. EXAMPLE 7 The procedure is as in Example 6, but 50 wt. including furilphenol-formaldehyde resin. Foaming and curing is carried out at 115-12UC. The foam has a black color. The degree of curing in Soxhlet is U7%, the density is 0.26 g / cm, the compressive strength is 13 kgf / s.m, and the absorption value is 10 g / dm. Example 8. Proceed as in example 6, using 100 weight. including furilphenol-formaldehyde resin. The removal and curing is carried out at 130-135 ° C. The foam has a black color. The degree of curing by Soxhlet is 97%, the density is 0.35 g / cm. The ultimate compressive strength is 19 kgf / cm, the water absorption is 13.5 g / dm. Example 9. To 100 weight. including 30% by weight of methylol derivatives of acetone with 1,7-methylol groups. including urea resin (mol. century. 150-180), 3.5 weight. h. contact Petrova, 1 wt. h. orthophosphoric acid, 5 wt. including resorcinol, placed in a beaker and mixed thoroughly. Foaming and curing is carried out at 80-85 ° C. The resulting foam has a bright color. The density of the foam is 0.21 g / cm, the ultimate compressive strength is 5.6 kgf / cm, the water absorption is 21.4 g / dm. After thermostating at 150-155 ° C for 1 hour, the water absorption drops to 14.8 g / dm. Example 10. Proceed as in example 9, but using 60 weight. including urea resin. The foam has a density of 0.33 g / cm, ultimate compressive strength of 6.4 KGS / SM-, water absorption of 24.3 g / dm. After thermostating at 150-155 ° C for 1 hour, the water absorption drops to 13.6 g / dm. Example IK 100 weight. including 30 parts by weight of methylol derivatives of acetone with 1,7-methylol groups. including monomeric condensation products of glyc, erin with phthalic anhydride (mol. c. 280-300), 10 wt. including 50% caustic potash, 5 wt. including oleic acid, placed in a beaker for foaming and thoroughly mixed. Foaming is carried out at 110-115 ° C. After the formation of a stable foam, the temperature is raised to 140-145 ° C and held for 1 hour. The resulting foam has a density of 0.31 g / cm, a compressive strength of 7.8 kgf / s.m, a water absorption of 12.1 g / dm. Example 12. The procedure is as in Example I, but 60 weight% is used. including monomeric condensation products of glycerol with phthalic anhydride. The foam plastic has a density of 0.39 g / cm, a compressive strength of 8.4 kgf / cm, water absorption is 11.6 g / dm. Example 13. To 100 weight. including methylol derivatives of acetone with 1,7-methylol groups, 20 wt. including epoxy resin (ED-6), 2 wt. including polyethylene polyamine and 8 wt. including trichlorethylene. After stirring, the mixture is placed in a beaker for foaming and heated to 80 ° C. Due to the exoermic reaction, intense

foaming with simultaneous curing. The resulting foam has a density of 0.26 g / cm, a compressive strength of 21 kgf / cm, water absorption of 10.2 g / dm.

Example 14. To 100 weight. including methyl acetone derivatives with 1.7-methylol groups, 50 wt. including phenol-formaldehyde rezol resin (mol. century 300-350) with 1.5% of zinc chloride dissolved in it and 6 ° by weight of the resin of emulsion polyvinyl chloride. The mixture was carefully transferred, 2.5 wt. including 50% caustic potash, 6 wt. including chloroform and placed in a beaker for foaming. Foaming and curing wire; - in a heat chamber prn 135-140 ° C. The resulting foam has a solid structure with uniform porosity. The degree of curing for Soxhlet is 97%, the density is 0.15 g / cm, the compressive strength is 12 kgf / cm, the water absorption is 18 g / dm2.

Example 15. Proceed as in example 14, but using 10 weight. % emulsion of full vinyl chloride. The resulting foam has a uniform porosity. The density of the foam is 0.12 g / cm 3, the ultimate compressive strength is 18 kgf / cm2, the water absorption is 18 g / dm.

Example 16: The procedure is as in Example 14, but 16 wt. % emulsion polyvinyl chloride. The porosity of the foam is uniform, the density is 0.08 g / cm, the ultimate compressive strength is 21 kgf / cm, the water absorption is 20 g / dm.

Example 17. Dull, as in example 14, but using 100 weight. including rezol phenol formaldehyde resin. The porosity of the foam is uniform, the density is 0.46 g / cm, the compressive strength is 34 kgf / cm, the water absorption is 16 g / dm.

Example 18. To 100 weight. including 30 parts by weight of methylol derivatives of acetone with 1,7-methylol groups. including furylphenol-formaldehyde resin (mol. century 350-380) with 1.5% of zinc chloride dissolved in it and 6 wt. % emulsion polyvinyl chloride. The mixture was carefully transferred, 2.5 wt. including 50% sodium hydroxide, 6 wt. including trichlorethylene and placed in a beaker for foaming. Foaming and curing is carried out at 135-

140 ° C. The resulting foam has a rigid structure with uniform porosity. The degree of curing by Soxhlet is 97%, the density is 0.18 g / cm, the compressive strength is 8 kgf / cm, water absorption

19.5 g / dm2.

Example 19. The procedure is as in Example 18, but AND weight is used. % emulsion polyvinyl chloride. The foam's porosity is uniform, the density is 0.14 g / cm, the compressive strength is 13 kgf / cm, the water absorption is 21 g / dm2.

Example 20. Proceed as in example 18, but take 16 weight. % emulsion polyvinyl chloride. The porosity of the foam is uniform, the density is 0.09 g / cm, the ultimate compressive strength is 17 kgf / cm, the water absorption is 24 G / DM2.

Example 21: The procedure is as in Example 20, but 90 wt. including furilphenol-formaldehyde resin. The foam has a black color, the uniformity is uniform, the density is 0.38 g / cm, the compressive strength is 24 kgf / cm, the water absorption is 22.4 g / dm.

Subject invention

The method of obtaining acetone-formaldehyde foams by foaming and curing monomeric condensation products of acetone with formaldehyde when heated, characterized in that, in order to increase the water resistance and mechanical strength of the final product, the process is carried out in the presence of condensation resins with reactive primary or secondary hydroxyl groups in the amount of quantities or quantities of hydroxyl groups in the quantities 200% by weight of monomeric products or a mixture of said condensation resins with emulsion polyvinyl chloride, taken in an amount of 6-16% t weight of condensation resin.