SU410596A1 - Reactor for pyrolysis of hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Abstract

A REACTOR FOR PYROLYSIS OF HYDROCARBONS, comprising a housing, a reagent mixing chamber, a quenching chamber, reagent inlet fittings, quenching water inlet fittings, pyrolysis product outlet and quenching water outlet fittings, in order to reduce consumption. oxygen and increasing the yield of the target products, a water cooling head with a vertical movement mechanism is installed in the mixing chamber, equipped with holes for quenching water to exit and a supersonic annular nozzle forming the inner wall of the mixing chamber, and in the quenching chamber there is a barrier of two half-rings fixed across quench chamber axis.

Description

about ate

9d The invention relates to the production of acetylene by the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons and can be used in the chemical industry. The known reactor for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons, comprising a housing, a reagent mixing chamber, a quenching vessel, reagent inlet fittings, and inlet fittings. and quenching water, pyrolysis products and quenching water outlet nozzles. In order to reduce oxygen consumption to increase the yield of target products in the proposed reactor, a water-cooled head with a vertical displacement mechanism fitted with holes for quenching water outlet is installed in the mixing chamber. displacement, a supersonic annular nozzle, and a bar of two half-rings, mounted transversely to the axis of the quenching polymer, is installed in the zakazole chamber. The drawing shows the proposed reactor, the Reactor contains the case. 1, mixing chamber 2, quenching chamber 3, fittings 4 reagent inlets, fittings 5 for introducing quenching water, pinching 6 leads. pyrolysis products, quenching water inlets 7, a water-cooled head 8 with a vertical displacement mechanism 9, which has 10 holes. For quenching water to exit and forms a supersonic annular nozzle 11 with the inner wall of the hymers. In the quenching chamber 3, a barrier 12 is installed, consisting of two holes, fastened across the axis of the quenching chamber. The reactor operates as follows. 962 Preheated methane or dry natural gas and oxygen are fed into the mixing chamber 2, made in the form of a supersonic annular nozzle, where the gas stream is accelerated to a superlow velocity of about 15OO m / s. Due to the supersonic flow of the stream, the mixture is cooled rapidly and ignition does not occur. Upon exiting the supersonic ring nozzle, the mixture encounters obstacle 12 in its path and the flow decelerates. At the moment of deceleration, a compression shock is observed, with part of the flow energy irreversibly transforming into thermal energy, which causes the flow temperature in the reflected wave to increase. The mixture then ignites and burns violently. Combustion is an explosion because the oxidation does not occur over the surface, but immediately in total volume. In this case, sufficient heat is generated to pass through the endothermic reaction to obtain acetylene. The residence time of the raw material vapors in a compressed jump of 10 - 10. Depending on the shape of the barrier 12, the thickness of the shock wave can be increased and, thereby, the optimal residence time of the raw material in the zone of Bbt temperatures can be determined. For this purpose, barrier 12 is made in the form of two semi-fathers, which can be mounted on hinges, providing the possibility of creating the necessary angle of attack of the obstacle in relation to the flow. Further, the contact gas, the passage through the water curtain, is quenched and through the nozzle 6 enters the further cooling.

Claims (1)

Hydrocarbon pyrolysis reactor comprising a housing, a reagent mixing chamber, a quenching chamber, reagent inlet nozzles, quenched water inlet nozzles, pyrolysis product outlet nozzles and quenched water, characterized in that, in order to reduce consumption. oxygen and increase the yield of the target products, a water-cooled head with a vertical movement mechanism is installed in the mixing chamber, equipped with openings for quenching water exit and forming a supersonic annular nozzle with the inner wall of the mixing chamber, and a barrier of two half rings fixed across the axis of the quenching chamber is installed in the quenching chamber .