SU389735A1 - WORKING ORGAN FOR SOIL CLEARING - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to an agricultural machine building industry, in particular to tool implements designed to combat soil erosion.

Known working bodies for slitting the soil, made in the form of a rack with a knife. However, during the operation of these working bodies of Hta soils with a slight inclination of the surface during the cutting of cracks, side rollers are formed from the displaced soil, which prevent water from falling into the cracks; the slots are filled with soil, and the rapid "flooding of the slots" makes them unsuitable for subsequent irrigation.

In the proposed working body, in order to obtain open continuous cracks without protruding soil rollers, the knife is made in the form of a dihedral vertical wedge, the cutting edge of which is made rippled to ensure the opposite movement of soil particles along the blade, and to reduce the filling of the cracks parts are pivotally attached spring-loaded leveling plates. In this case, the angle of attack of the knife is made variable by its height, and the leveling plates are made curved with a convex outward.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed working body, side view; in fig. 2-

the same, front view; in fig. 3 - the same, top view; in fig. 4 is a flow chart for cutting a soil stratum with a knife of a working body; in fig. 5 - cross-section of the first layer with a slit; in fig. 6 is a diagram of the operation of a knife and leveling plates in the process of forming a slit.

The working body for slitting the soil consists of a knife}, to which are removable side rails 2 and an alignment plate 3 with a spring 4 (Fig. 3). The plates 3 are hinged on the arms 5, mounted on the rear wall of the knife, and are tightened by the spring 4 until they are in contact with the adjusting screws 6 with the stop 7 mounted on the rear wall of the knife /.

The knife / is the main cutting body and is in the upper part a stand that serves to be attached to the frame of the machine, and in the lower part is a dihedral vertical wedge with variable angles of attack and swing into the ground (Fig. 1 and 3). The angles a and p vary ino the height of the knife. The upper and lower parts of the knife have a smaller angle

attacks than the middle part of the knife. The upper part of the knife enters the soil at an obtuse angle. the lower part is at an acute angle, and the middle part, which has the greatest angle of attack, is at a constant angle

p ":; 90 °. The cutting element (blade) of the knife 1 consists of a forward curvilinear edge, formed by two conjugate curves of different radii, which provide two-sided cutting of the formation and the change of soil to the middle of the blade. The bottom edge of the knife has an oblique cut at an angle Y, which plays the role of a rear cutting angle. The side rails 2 are fastened to the side edges of the knife in special recesses, behind the covering slit formed by the edges of the knife and leveling plates 3. The plates 3 are curved with a bulge outward and are tightened by a spring 4. The fastening of the leveling plates 3 allows turning them on 15 brackets 5 to change the width m of the slit. The curvilinearity of the plates 3 allows to gradually reduce the normal stresses of the soil in the side walls of the slit, created by the hr of the knife during operation, and eliminates the slitting of the slit with earth. The plates 3, the spring 4, the adjusting screws 6, the stop 7 and the brackets 5 constitute together the slot width adjustment mechanism (Fig. 3). The working body for slit works in the following way. When exposed to the upper portion of the knife I, the soil particles with a blunt entry into the soil (zone a in Fig. 4) move downwards, and from the lower portion of the knife (zone 30 b) with an acute angle of entry into the soil rise up (va fig 4 movement of particles is shown by arrows). As a result of the displaced displacement of the displaced soil in the middle zone of the reservoir, transverse spalls are sharply reduced, the side walls of the slit are compacted (the compaction zones are indicated by a dotted line in Fig. 5). Thus, as a result of the use of a double-sided knife with reverse angles of 40 5 10 lams of entry into the soil and a variable angle of attack, a wedge-shaped gap with compacted stevka is formed with significant (2-6 cm lateral deformations of the root layer). After the lateral edges of the wedge drastically decrease to zero, the ground must be filled with earth due to the elastic properties of the soil. However, due to the presence of leveling plates 3, curved along the curve, the usual sharp stress reduction. The stress decreases more smoothly, the soil is held in compacted walls and the slit does not fall asleep with earth (in Fig. 6, the stress reduction line in the side walls of the slit is given by a dotted line). racks with a knife, characterized in that, in order to create open continuous slots without overlying soil rollers, the knife is made in the form of a two-sided vertical line with a curved-concave cutting edge, 2. The working body according to claim 1, characterized in that is whole reducing the sleep onset th slot soil at the rear of the blade are hinged spring-loaded alignment plates. 3. Working body according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of attack of the knife is variable in height. 4. Worker body and ino nn. 1 and 2, characterized in that the leveling plates are curved with a convexity outward.

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