SU384932A1 - AT - Google Patents

Description

Isoretion relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular, to methods of protecting the atmosphere of rooms, electrolysis shops.

The known method of protecting the atmosphere of the electrolysis shops from harmful substances released during the electrolysis process is made of synthetic materials from the electrolytic baths of the electrolytic bath; m.

According to the proposed method, synthetic fabric is used as synthetic material. This increases the efficiency: protection resistance and reduces heat loss.

The electrolysis baths are covered with an ion exchange fabric capable of absorbing harmful components from the electrolyte fumes or the evolving gas due to chemical bonding or bumping. The regeneration of the tissue is carried out by means of a hint of water or a solution of a reagent desorbing absorbently. Schennye substances. Polymer-based fabrics to which functional groups of an acidic or basic character are grafted are used as ion-exchange tissues that are chemically and mechanically stable under these conditions. Depending on the nature of the absorbed components, the fabric is treated with pacTBopOLM reagent, which gives it the appropriate chemical activity.

In order to prevent l, apadani, into the atmosphere of the vapor shop and acid aerosol, in particular sulfuric acid aerosol, as shelter

Baths use ion-exchange fabrics of the following types:

a) fabrics with functional groups of substituted amines that react with sulfuric acid by the reaction

 + H2S04 / 2SO4 + 2H2O + HzSO

 2RliSO,

where R is the radical of the functional group

ten

a n io but about M enn o and fabrics. The second of these reactions is reversible; when the fabric is washed with water, the bisulfate form of the fabric becomes sulfate, about 1m time, the fabric is used with water regeneration.

b) tissues with functional groups of weak acids, mainly carboxyethyls (-COOH), in salt forms, preferably 20 but in the sodium form.

Lry interaction, and with sulfuric acid is the splitting of the salt form of ion-exchange tissue, as a salt of a weak acid

252 / Na + H2SO4 - 2 / H + Na2SO4

where K is the radical of the carboxyl functional group of the tissue.

Formation, as follows: s: the sulphate remains in the fabric, and during regency, it is not washed away with water or with 30 soda solution, which regenerates the fabric

 + Na2CO3 2 / Na4-CO2 + H2O

For aia.poB, the water and gases released by the electrolyte are permeable, therefore it does not occur on its surface. At the same time, limiting the movement of air over the cononation with the volume: times; the development of liquid streams by the surface of the heat source was a heat shield: o, M, T1can u) less: saves buying, heat loss of an electroline bath and the difference between TV and ur) different parts of the bath. During production tests, the shelter of the bath and its removal are carried out with the help of a rotating ba.rabane, fortified from one of the sides of the group.

Example 1. When tested in a copper electrolytic workshop, an ion-exchanger fabric with carboxyl functional group, m, and B Na + form is used. The exchange capacity is 3.5 mg g / g, weight is 1 m T1ka "and - 140 g. A cloth (size 13X4.8 m) covers a group of ten copper refining electrolysis baths in which the electrolyte contains ISOISO g / l seric acid and has a temperature of 60-63 ° C. Investigations were carried out for 78 hours, and every 2 hours in parallel, air samples were taken covered and over the monitored (open) groups of 1ain. The concentration of sulfuric acid in the air, nad control vapn series is from 10 to 60 lgg / m, on average for the period of testing it is 1 av. 22.6 mg / m. Co-founder; 1 over a covered series of baths ranges from less than 1 - (more than 50% of samples) to 16 mg / m, an average of 4.0 mg / m.

It should be borne in mind that the series of baths is not insulated but from the surrounding open baths, from the space above which contaminated air enters the iM-ecTa sample collection. Thus, experimentation showed the possibility of reducing the concentration of sulfuric acid aerosol in the shop air to a level below 1 mg / m, which corresponds to the orderly (Noy norm. Measurements of electrolyte temperature in the inlet and outlet from the control and concealed bath series show that in the nepBOiM case, the difference TeiMinepapyp is 3.2 ° C, in the second - 0.6 ° C.

Example 2. The baths are covered with a total area of about 40 m of the regenerative compartment: the copper electrolyte workshop is made of an ion-exchange cloth, as in Example 1, but non-tin cloth has an exchange capacity of 1.9 mg, and air sampling is compared for comparison. t nzod shelter. In the course of electrolyte regeneration, the evolved gases significantly intensify the process of the formation of sulfuric acid aerosol and its concentration in the atmosphere of the workshop.

It exceeds the maximum concentration by an average of 100-1000 times. In the presence of shelter during the first 2 hours of regenerative | Baths, the concentration of sulfuric acid aerosol in the atmosphere of the workshop is reduced to 1 lgg / w, later the concentration of aerosol rises to 40-50 mg / m, and the aerosol content reaches 1500 under the shelter - 2000 mg / m. The results of chemical analysis of tissue samples taken during the test show that the exchange capacity of the ion-exchange tissue is practically (fully realized within the first two hours of operation. After the tissue is washed with water, treated with 5% soda solution is converted into the Na + form and Repeat EOt Islyany. The results of the second cycle of the shelter operation coincide with the data of the first cycle.

Subject invention

C: ambush (protection of the atmosphere, s of the premises of the electrolysis shops from harmful substances released during the electrolysis process, shelter of the electrolysis baths synthetically .1M material, characterized in that, in order to increase the protection efficiency and reduce heat losses , Ionite fabric is used as synthetic material.