SU37435A1 - Hydraulic transmission - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to known hydraulic gears composed of piston pumps and an engine using a chamber containing fluid under compressed air pressure and communicating with the fluid-filled space between the pistons of the pump and the engine. In the proposed transfer, in order to increase its efficiency factor, the valves through which Kar-iepa communicates with the inter-piston space are controlled by actuators on the drive and driven shafts in such a way that they are open to all eyes during the return stroke of the hydraulic engine. the working stroke of the valve is opened only when the pump is not working. Then, the proposed transmission allows its reversal by shifting by 180 centered on the driven shaft, controlling the valves, and also changing the gear ratio by means of a crank with a varying radius applied on the drive shaft. With the need of continuous action on the poor shaft, to displace the piston of the hydraulic engine after its possible stopping at dead spots, two systems of a pump and an engine with 180 ° crank displaced on the drive shaft are put in gear

(575)

shaft and priolizitelno by taxi same angle-curved shaft of the driven shaft.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section and FIG. 2 is a front view of the proposed transmission in its application to a diesel locomotive; FIG. 3-8-transfer details.

The proposed transmission consists of a piston pump 27 connected in one housing (Fig. 1) and the same hydraulic motor 28 and a chamber / (ring-shaped around them) with a fluid under pressure from compressed air. The pump shaft is connected by a crank mechanism with a drive shaft 29 ( diesel engine in the drawing), and the engine piston is in the same way articulated with the driven shaft 3iJ (according to the curve of the driving shaft of the locomotive). Depending on the set normal transmission ratio between the number of revolutions of the drive and driven shaft The diameter and stroke of the pump piston are smaller than those of the engine. In order to drive the crankshaft from the dead point in the event of such a position after stopping, in application, for example, to a diesel locomotive, there are two sets of gears with cranks displaced against each other approximately on leo.

The chamber 70 communicates with the space between the pistons of the pump and the cylinder through the holes located around the circumference with valves 9 (Fig. 1). These valves, with their tails, are fastened to ring 7 (5), which through their side fingers 77 and 18 (Fig. 2), eccentric rods / 7 and 75, which enter the oblong ears of the 7P, are connected with eccentrics 20 and 27 on the driven shaft 30. However, the ring b is springs M, 15 is matched with another ring 13 (fig. 3 and 4), jointed by forked a pivot arm 12 and a rod 77 with an eccentric 77 on the drive shaft 29.

Due to this valve coupling, it happens that when the piston 25 of the engine makes a working stroke (Fig. 1, right) and when the rods 17 and 18 of the eccentrics 20 and 21 are raised, their ears 19 (Fig. 4) will impede the upward and downward movement of the rings 16 and valves 9 bonded to them. Therefore, the latter are at this time freely opened and closed by the action of the eccentric 77 via the rod 77, the lever 72, the rings 13, the springs 14, 15 and the rings 16. When the engine piston 28 goes back (FIG. 1 to the left), then the eccentrics 20 and 27 with their rods 77 and 18 (FIG. 3) force the ring 16 to all valves 9 are lowered, and the latter are thus opened during the whole time of the engine piston stroke upwards, when ejection occurs - liquid from the inter-piston space into the chamber 10. The upper ring 13 will continue its movement from the eccentric 77, but only idle, stretching only springs 14 and 15 are not affected by the valve, since the ring 76 is now at the same time downward.

For the purpose of reversing gears, the eccentric clutches 20 and 27 can be swapped in positions corresponding to the same or reverse direction of rotation of the drive and driven shafts, as well as in a position where all the valves are open all the time; in the latter case, the transmission will be excluded and the rotation will not be transmitted at all.

To change the gear ratio in the proposed gear, a crank with a variable radius is applied on the drive shaft. Its arrangement is as follows.

Between the extended shoulders 4 5 of the shaft 29 is placed a separate, bent in the form of a knee, crank 7 (Fig. 5 and 7), pins 2 and 3 of which are inserted with the possibility of rotation into the corresponding holes in the shoulders 4 and 5. On the square b one of the trunnions is mounted plug 7 (fig. b), covering the washer of the eccentric 8 on the drive shaft. The angle of the nozzle of this washer can be changed by stirring along the shaft by means of a lever 23 (Fig. 9) of the sleeve 22, which inside has an oblique cut acting through the roller inside it on the finger 24 (Fig. 8) eccentric 3. With turning the eccentric washer will rotate around the common axis of the pins 2 and 3 of the fork 7 and with it the whole crank 7, with the axis of its neck moving away from the axis of the shaft 2Р (Fig. b). Since this distance between the axis of the shaft and the neck and represents the true length of the crank acting on the pump piston, therefore, the specified angular permutation of the eccentric S also changes the stroke of the pump piston, and depending on this .

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A hydraulic transmission composed of a piston pump and an engine using a chamber containing pressurized air and communicating with the fluid-filled space between the pistons of the pump and the engine, wherein the chamber and the reciprocating space communicate with each other through valves, which during the return stroke of the engine piston remain all the time open, and during the working stroke of the same pressure, they remain open only when the pump piston does not operate. 2. The form of transmission performance under item 1, characterized in that the valves 9 (Figs. 1 and 2) are suspended to the ring 76, mating by means of the fingers 77, and the rods 77, 18 with eccentrics 20, 27 on the driven crank shaft, by means of the springs J4, / 5 (Fig. 3 and 4), the ring / 5, the forked swivel lever 72 and the rod 77- with eccentric // on drive crank shaft. 3. The form of the transfer of PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the fingers 77, 18 and the rods 17, 18 are articulated with each other by means of an eyelet 19 with a slot allowing freedom of movement of the valves during the working stroke of the engine piston. 4. The form of the transfer of PP. 1-3, characterized in that, in order to reverse the transmission, eccentrics 20, 21 allow their permutation to be 180. 5. The form of the transfer of PP. 1-4, characterized in that the diameter and stroke of the pump piston is smaller than the diameter and stroke of the engine piston. 6. The form of the transfer of PP. 1-5, characterized in that for the purpose of changing the gear ratio, the crank of the drive shaft allows a change in radius. 7. The form of transmission according to paragraph b, characterized in that the crank 7 (Fig. 5 and 7), freely located with its trunnions 2, 5 in the arms 4, 5 of the drive shaft, is rigidly connected to the plug 7, interacting with the eccentric 8, allowing angular permutation of it on the same shaft. 8, Form of transmission according to claims. 1-7, characterized in that in order to continuously influence the driven shaft and the possibility of displacement of the engine piston after stopping it at dead points, two systems of pump and engine are used with displacement of drive cranks by 180 and driven by approximately 180 °. Figzt 5 F 1g: 4, fe: p-, fT: i HJ 6; HJ & Fe f Fig.Z Fig.8 rt rUJ y; SbH ,, ,, - L ..-....., ul .. ,, ,,,,. L CL-; 41 M iJ-jp-i, - ,. i g; 2G i: 7Z ..iХ