SU37253A1 - Pneumatic gin - Google Patents

Description

In the main author's certificate for .NO 30794, the gin's nutrient organ consists of a distributor belt, divided by strips into compartments in which cotton pickers are fed to a slotted box of the working organ. With this device, the batches or individual seeds, with fibers attached to them, are not prepared for the upcoming operation, as a result of which the fiber separation process cannot be fully achieved.

In the proposed gin, for this purpose and to straighten the fibers, and at the same time to completely clean them of impurities, a special combing and straightening fiber mechanism was introduced, which has the purpose, to remove it from the seed, to clean it and ready-to-spin material, thus freezing the spinning industry from the need for special preparatory processes. In addition, the movement of the product, giving in to the processing, passes vertically by the feed stream.

In FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of a gin; FIG. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 details of gin.

j4amHHa consists of three 4acTeHj. each (138}

yes of which has a special purpose.

The movement of the raw material entering the machine occurs from top to bottom, i.e., it is a falling stream. In the middle of the machine there is a narrow slit-shaped channel / 7 (Fig. 1) in its entire height and width, along which the conveyor 18 continuously moves inside, the width of the slats and the distance between them are precisely defined and calculated so that their movement is consistent with the movements other organs.

The side walls of this channel are made of trellis (Figs. 3, 5) and consist of narrow and thin steel plates 37 (like the "tuck-in tooth"), fixed one near the other at an exact distance of 3-4 mm, i.e. one that would make the gap between them already the width of the cotton seed, so that the latter could not pass through it.

Thus, if cotton is placed in the gap between the slats, it will move along the channel (from top to bottom) enclosed in a narrow space between the slats and with sideways limited by lattice stands.

First top of the machine

Date: 22/01/2002

Number of pages: 4

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Class 29 a, 2

No. 37254 AUTHOR'S DUTY

OP ISAI and B apparatus for separating bast from stalks of bast plants.

To the author's testimony of M, G. Morozov, and M. I. Sheikin, according to the

April 4, 1930 (for Article. Reference. № 67478), with the accession of the application

dated August 5, 1930 (for v / certificate. No. 68002).

On the issuance of copyright certificate publishedEano June 30, 1934.

The still existing small machines serve to separate bast from stalks of fiber plants that have previously been subjected to wetting, or straining, or decoction. The proposed apparatus is designed to separate bast from stalks of fibrous plants, such as: flax, hemp, and others, which have not been subjected to wetting, nor to straining, or decoction.

In FIG. 1 shows schematically the apparatus in the first embodiment; FIG. 2 - according to the second option; FIG. 3- by the third option; FIG. 4-modification of the apparatus according to FIG. 1-3; FIG. 5 shows the plate movement of FIG. four.

The proposed device has three options:

I. The first option is a combination of a pair of endless belts / (Fig. 1), which are a transporting mechanism that feeds the raw material under the action of machining mechanisms 2 consisting of three pairs of knife-shaped plates 5, 3, 36. The plates are fixedly attached to the frame, and the plates 3 to 36 vibrate concentrically to the B plane of the arrangement, the right –– clockwise, and the left –– vice versa. In addition, if the feeding conveyor moves in a horizontal plane, the vibrators are located in an inclined, and the number of com (139)

The sets of plates, depending on the stem type, can be repeated, that is, they are installed in the same order on several sets.

Action machine Transporter / moving from left to right. The worker lays a layer of straw on the plant in a layer so that it ends at one end under the clamp of the conveyor 7, advancing down the free end (into the vertical position) and falls into the gap between the vibrating plates 3, 36, which with their vibrational effects crush The bonfire (i.e., it is broken into small pieces) and worn out of the bast, and, due to the inclined arrangement of the sets of plates, the processing of the stems begins from the place of the clamp, gradually descending. Passing through subsequent sets of vibrating plates is a repetition of the work of previous sets. If parallel with the feeder is placed the pipes with holes, passing water through them, and treating the phloem, then this will result in washing and bleaching effect on the fiber.

I. The second variant consists of sets, where there are two pairs of shafts / (Fig. 2), between which hollow guides 2 are installed, near which the knife-shaped knife is obliquely located. INVENTION

Base plates 4, The kits described can be installed in the desired quantity.

Action machine The shafts are driven in rotation, with the lower ones clockwise and the upper ones vice versa, so if you lay the straw with the ends facing forward, it will be carried along by the shaft pairs and push between the guides 2 and the control 4, which Having a vibrating solidary movement from top to bottom and vice versa, the bonfire is crushed and pulled out of the fiber, and in order that the ends of the fibers are not held back by the plates, air is blown through the cavity of the guides into the slots. With the same device, if water is passed through instead of air, there will be a washing-out bleaching action of this machine, which in this case must be fed with clean, dehydrated bast.

Iii. The third variant differs from the second one in that the vibrating plates in it, moving from top to bottom and back, at the end of their movement make a jump forward, i.e. graphically working edge permits the path of a one-sided triangle (Fig. 3); This feature causes the fibers to be processed to push forward.

The apparatus of FIG. 4, which is a modification of the apparatus of FIG. 1-3, consists of a pair of shafts 7, supplying flax straw or other bast plants, guides 2, mobile plates 5, cranks 4 and levers 5 that have a hinge //.

Action machine The cranks 4 are driven by rotation into opposite directions, i.e. lower-clockwise, and upper counter-clockwise, so that the plates 5 attached to the levers 5 should describe a circle . But since their other end is hinged, the knives describe a complex ellipse, as shown in FIG. 5, where the dotted line shows the path of movement of the upper knife 6 and lower plate 7. If the bast is brought under the action of the knives moving in this way, then at points A, a, where the knives run close to the corner of the guide 2, the fires will break, and movement, as shown by arrows, creates a desire to move it forward. Such an action of knives, changing in mutually opposite directions, makes it possible to remove fires from the fiber by fine particles, based on the principle of cleaving, which allow processing completely unprepared dab or stalk of a woody plant.

If we consider the effect of existing MISHINs for removing campfires from bast plants, we will see the existence of a dry land, i.e., stalked and poorly soaked from stems, the campfire is largely not removed. In addition, the fiber will have a broken fiber. The latter occurs due to the fact that if the stem is broken at a long distance, tension and breakage of the fibers in the upper part of the stem occur.

A completely different technological moment is created when the breaks of the fires are made in successive order in small pieces along the length (1-2 mm where one break is at a very small distance from the previous one.

Replacing the air with water will create the same effect. The advantage of the apparatus proposed is that it allows a simple, easily feasible way to isolate the phloem and free the wood from the stem, which is ballast during processing. Until now, the processing of bast stems occurs along with the wood, the latter is separated only at the very end of the treatment, in its last operation (mini-foil process).

The proposed apparatus, freeing bast from wood at the very beginning of the treatment, gives a pure bast, the processing of which is simplified and cheaper.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. An apparatus for separating a bast from the stems of bast plants, characterized by the use of two pairs in different directions relative to the gap between two fixed plates Over (Fig. 1) vibrating plates 3 and 36, located in parallel planes on both sides of the fixed plates under the conveyor 7 for the stems and for the intended grinding of the weighted stems, whereby a suitable liquid can be supplied to the washing slot and the opening of the bast. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, differs from its application, instead of plates, paired stationary hollow guides 2 (Fig. 2) with openings dp for supplying air or liquid and paired vibrating plates 4 located along one side of the guides at an angle to each other. to a friend, and for moving the stems are pairs of protisoleptic rotating rotating elements. fkg.4. 3.Video change of the device according to claims. one, 2, characterized in that the plates 4 (fig. 3) lying in the same plane on one side of the guides, besides the vibrating ones, also have intermittent movement in the direction of the stems feeding. 4. Vidoizeniya apparatus for PP. 1-3, characterized in that the plates 5 (Fig. 4), located in front of a pair of guides 2, are attached to the levers 5 with notches for stationary fingers, the holes in the middle part, in order to move the working edges along closed elliptical paths m Dp cranks are designed for 4 two six-rotating six-fold.