SU368886A1 - CENTRIFUGE - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to equipment for the dewatering of granular materials, in particular centrifuges.

Known centrifuges, containing the boot device and a system of perforated rotors with discharge windows in the lower part, mounted by means of vertical shafts, bearing on the lower ends of the drive elements, on the plate, receiving rotational motion.

To prevent the destruction of particles during dehydration of low-strength granular materials in the proposed centrifuge, mechanisms for periodical acceleration and deceleration of the rotors are installed in the centrifuge's way of rotors, and the discharge windows of the latter are equipped with moving stop cones associated with the profiled bar fixed in the upper centrifuge parts in the unloading area of the rotors.

In addition, the mechanism for periodic acceleration of the centrifuge rotors is made in the form of a belt drive that comes into contact with the drive elements of the rotor shafts.

The mechanism for periodic braking of the rotors is made in the form of a spring-loaded flexible friction tape.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed centrifuge in longitudinal section, general view; on

FIG. 2 - the same, vnd / 1 in FIG. one; in fig. 3 - the same, section but bb pa fig. one; in fig. 4 shows a centrifuge kinematic scheme.

On the base plate /, a vertical shaft 5 is mounted in the case fixed on the support body 2, to the upper end of which the plate 4 is rigidly fixed, rotated by the actuator 5 by means of gear gears 6 and 7. On the plate

4, a system of perforated rotors 8 is mounted, with the vertical shaft 9 of each rotor mounted on the two supporting bearings in the housing 10, and fixed on the lower end of the rotor through the hole in the plate 4

drive element 11. The rotor S consists of a basket 12, made in the form of a cylindrical shell and fixed on the shaft 9, and a perforated cylinder 13, the inner surface of which is lined with a grid. The unloading window of the rotor supplies 10 with a movable locking cone 14, which is connected with a finger 15 to a rod 16 placed in the cavity of the shaft 9 and under the action of a spring 17. The rod 16 ends with a tip 18 with which it interacts with a profiled bar 19 fixed in the upper part of the centrifuge in the area of unloading rotors. To evenly load the rotor and prevent material from slipping in it during the acceleration and deceleration periods, the perforated cylinder 13 and basket 12 are connected by radial walls 20.

In the upper part of the centrifuge above the rotors, a loading device 21 is installed, consisting of an internal cone 22 and a breaking cone 23, between which inclined partitions 24 are welded, forming the holes of the loading hatches above the baskets of the rotors. The rotor system is enclosed in an annular cavity 25 formed by inner and outer shells 26 and 27, connected by non-enclosures 28 and an annular bottom 29, in which discharge cones 30 are installed. To drain off the drained water, there are holes 31 in the inner shell 26, and the plinth is provided with nozzles 32, connected to the national team with a capacity of 33. Cornuses 10 of the rotors 8 are externally closed by a cone 34 with rotary tubes 35 mounted coaxially with a plate on its upper plane.

On the path of movement of the rotors, a mechanism 36 for periodic acceleration and a mechanism 37 for non-periodic deceleration of the rotors are installed.

The mechanism for non-periodic acceleration is made in the form of a belt drive 38, which comes into contact with the drive elements // rotor shafts. The drive pulley 39 of this gear is mounted directly on the motor shaft, and the driven pulley 40 rotates on a special suspension that rotates with the bracket 41 relative to the vertical axis, with the result that the spring 42 supports a certain belt tension, and the drive element 11 moves along an arc of a circle along with rotating plate centrifuge.

The mechanism 37 for periodically braking the rotors is made in the form of a flexible friction belt 43, pulled by a spring 44.

The centrifuge works as follows.

Plate 4 from the actuator 5 is transmitted slow (about 0.5-2 rpm) rotation. The rotor system, the cone 34, the cylindrical shells 26 and 27 and the loading device 2 rotate with the plate. The product to be dehydrated is continuously fed into the loading device 2J, from where it goes into one or more baskets 12, the number of simultaneously loading baskets depends on the total their quantity, basket diameter and material flow width. The rotor 8 with the loaded basket from the loading point (see Fig. 4) moves to the place of development, where the drive element // of the rotor comes into contact with the belt drive 38 of the mechanism 36. During the contact of the element with the belt, the rotor accelerates to the required number of revolutions and , moving then on a circle, some time by inertia rotates. When this occurs, the dehydration of the product to the desired residual moisture. During the fugation process, the water section is ejected by centrifugal force through the perforated surface of the baskets, accumulates at the bottom of the compartments, and then flows

through the openings 31 and the nozzles 32 into the container 33, from which it is sent to a sump or drain. Upon further rotation of the plate, the rotor is braked due to the friction of the drive element and the flexible friction band 43 of the mechanism 37. The dehydrated material is discharged from the rotor after it is braked. At the time of the rotor ic approaching, its stock 16 with its upper end begins to slide at the unloading point, but the profiled bar 19, as a result of which the rod is pressed down and, compressing the spring / 7, shuffle: the finger 15 down, and with it the locking cone 14. the formed annular gap under the action of its own weight pour out the dehydrated material, which along the inclined surface of the cone 34 enters the receiving hopper or onto the conveyor,

After unloading the rotor, the tip 18 of the rod 16 slides off the planes, and under the action of the spring 77, the locking cone 14 reliably closes the basket discharge opening. After unloading the material, the rotor is guided

to the place of loading. In order to evenly distribute the fugue material in the rotor basket, a small rotational speed (about 10-50 rpm) relative to its axis is reported when approaching the loading site.

The acceleration of the rotor before loading is carried out using a spring-loaded drive (not shown). A new batch of wet material is loaded into a rotating basket. The rotor loaded with a new portion of the wet material is positioned to the place of acceleration and fugovo. Then the cycle repeats.

Subject invention

Claims (3)

1. Centrifuge, containing a loading device and a system of perforated rotors with discharge windows in the lower part, mounted by means of vertical shafts, which drive at the lower ends elements on a plate that receives rotational movement, characterized in that, in order to prevent particles from degrading when dehydrating low-strength granular materials, mechanisms for periodic acceleration and deceleration of rotors are installed in the path of the rotors, and the discharge windows of the latter are equipped with sliding cones, connected with rods, alternately interacting with a profiled bar fixed in the upper part of the centrifuge in the unloading zone of the rotors. 2. A centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for periodic acceleration of the rotors of the centrifuge is made in the form of a belt the transmission coming into contact with the drive elements of the rotor shafts. 3. A centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for periodically braking the rotors is designed as spring-loaded flexible friction tape. 221 gz 6udf ( 24 FIG g 25 1 BS Puz.S 55