SU362277A1 - METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF THE AMPLITUDE OF THE OSCILLATIONS OF THE HOUR BALANCE - Google Patents

Description

one

A known method for measuring the amplitude of oscillations of a balance of clocks by converting time between pulses into voltage, based on the amplitude modulation of these pulses with a sawtooth voltage.

During the operation of the anchor descent of the clock mechanism for each passage of balance through the equilibrium point, three characteristic impulses arise in the form of vibration of the case and individual parts of the mechanism. When a working clock is installed on a special sensor, which in clock production is usually called a microphone, this vibration is converted into electric damped pulses (A, B, C), the approximate form of which is shown in FIG. 1, a. These pulses will be repeated every half-period of balance (A, B, C and A, B, C in FIG. A). The leading edge of the pulse L corresponds to the moment of the engagement of the pulsed balance stone with the anchor fork, and the leading edge of the pulse C is the moment when the balance leaves the mesh with the anchor fork. Thus, during the time TI, the balance moves in engagement with the anchor fork and rotates by an angle φ, which is called the angle of lifting of the balance. This angle is constant for each design of the clock mechanism. The amplitude of the balance oscillation is expressed in terms of TI and f by the well-known formula:

ir

where T is the period of balance oscillation, is also a constant value for each design of the clock mechanism.

Most industrial instruments for measuring the amplitude of balance fluctuations are based on an indirect method of measurement, where

the time TI between the first and third impulses: is converted into a value of the amplitude of balance oscillations. For this purpose, out of all the pulses coming from the clock, the first and third characteristic pulses are preselected and then the time between them is otherwise transformed into readings of the amplitude of balance oscillations.

However, in real time mechanisms, the magnitude and shape of the pulses that occur

during the operation of the anchor descent, they are not constant, since the magnitude of all the pulses is different for different clocks and varies in time for each particular clock. Nor are the ratios between the values of all three

pulses. In addition, there are always internal noises in working timepieces, which, along with the external noises of the production area, create additional random pulses on the microphone. All this taken together does not allow

clearly and without error, select the required pulses. These errors lead to poor readings, which until recently was an obstacle to the introduction of amplitude gauges with gauge indication.

The aim of the invention is to increase the noise immunity (decrease in the number of failures in the readings) of the instruments.

This is achieved in that according to the proposed method, all pulses from the clock form pulses. A rectangular shape of the same duration, the back front of the first pulse of each 1 half of the balance oscillation waveform start a sawtooth voltage generator that modulates all other pulses of this half-period in amplitude time increases, the amplitudes of the pulses that charge the memory capacity, drop the sawtooth voltage to zero by the falling edge of the last of the pulses, and about the desired pair The meter is judged by the voltage value on the storage capacity.

In this method, all impulses from interferences, which are located in time between the first and last regular repeating pulses of a clock, do not affect the voltage of the storage capacitor, since they have an amplitude less than the last impulse. The impulses from noise appearing after a regularly repeating last pulse in each half-period will not pass, since the modulating voltage for them will be zero.

FIG. 1 shows the graphs of the device that implements the proposed method; in fig. 2 is a block diagram of the amplitude measurer.

The signals (Fig. 1, a) from the microphone / (Fig. 2), on which the tested clock 2 is installed, are amplified by amplifier 3, detected by detector 4 and fed to shaper 5.

Shaper 5 generates pulses of constant amplitude and duration T2 (Fig. 1, b). The trailing edge of the first pulse starts the generator 6, which forms a sawtooth voltage (Fig. 1, c). The amplitude modulator 7 modulates all pulses with a sawtooth voltage, and the magnitude of the first pulse is equal to zero, as shown in FIG. 1, g. Modulated pulses recharge memory C through rectifier 8. Voltage t / i from capacitance C through the DC amplifier 9 is supplied to the dial indicator indicator 10.

. The constant time of the storage capacity of the memory Trasr. is equal to C-R and is chosen so that the voltage across it over time T / 2 (half-period of balance oscillation) will fall by f / 2, much smaller than the difference of amplitudes of modulated pulses {/ 3. In this case, the storage capacity will always be charged with one last pulse from the clock, as shown in FIG. 1, d.

The change in voltage on the storage capacitor at the moment of recharging is highlighted and a special formator AND is formed into a rectangular pulse with a duration m3 (Fig. 1, e). At the falling edge of this pulse, the sawtooth voltage drops to zero. If recharging of the storage capacity does not occur during this measurement, the sawtooth voltage is reset by itself.

sawtooth generator after time t.). In order that the storage capacity can always be charged up to the full amplitude of the last modulated pulse from the clock, two

conditions during the formation of pulses:

 and Тз Т2.

In case of unsteady mode of operation of the device, i.e., when measurements are taken immediately after setting the clock mechanism on the microphone, the recharge of the storage capacity and resetting the sawtooth voltage will occur from the second B pulse (Fig. 1, a). The time between the first L and the second B pulses from the clock is always less stable than

TI time between nerve A and third C pulses. Consequently, after shaping and modulating with a sawtooth voltage, the second pulse B will have a varying amplitude. This causes a drop in recharge of the storage capacitance from the second pulse B and a corresponding skip to reset the sawtooth voltage. In this case, zalomi ayushcha. -capacity (subdivision from the third pulse C, and the device goes into

steady state operation.

With this method of converting the time ti between the first A and the third C pulses into the voltage f / i, random interference pulses that occurred at any time moment T4 (for example, the pulses D and in Fig. 1, a) do not cause changes in the voltage Ui .

Subject invention

The method of measuring the amplitude of oscillations

balance hours by converting time between pulses into voltage, based on amplitude modulation of these pulses with a sawtooth voltage, characterized in that, in order to increase the noise immunity, all pulses from the clock form rectangular pulses of the same duration, the falling edge of the first pulse of each the half-period of oscillation of balance, a niloid-shaped voltage generator is triggered, which is amplitude modulated by all the remaining pulses of this half-period; by the amplitude of the pulses that charge the memory capacitance, the sawtooth voltage drops to zero with the falling edge of the last of the pulses, and the parameter being searched is judged by the voltage value at the memory capacity.

A 5 C

AG