SU35733A1 - Method and device for incubating bird eggs - Google Patents

Description

(The invention relates to incubators, in particular to giant incubators for incubating a large number of eggs in which eggs are located at various stages of incubation, and in which heated air circulates laterally between rows of trays with eggs.

In incubators in which air circulates predominantly in the vertical direction through several trays, most of the air passes through the spaces, between the troughs of the trays, but not between the eggs, due to the tendency of the air to go to the lowest resistance point. This requires more air to circulate than is necessary to maintain proper egg temperature. Attempts have been made to achieve air circulation through the trays in the lateral direction, but in devices of this kind or each tray with eggs is located in a separate room, or the circulation direction remains more

(596).

or less ambiguous, as the egg trays are located in a large chamber without exactly certain air paths. In such incubators, where the eggs are placed in separate chambers and in which air is circulated, t laterally, a device is necessary for the incubation to be effective, so that the last degree of incubation by the eggs is circulated in much larger quantities than the eggs in the early stages of incubation. in order to maintain a normal temperature for the eggs, since more mature eggs give off more heat; These devices include valves or dampers, 04-controlled hands or thermostatically, in order to control the amount of air passing over different dusts of the eggs, or to move the eggs from one chamber to another.

To keep the proper temperature in the incubators, in which the air is not theirs (hets of a certain direction, a very large amount of air is required. When the eggs reach a known development of incubation, they release an increasing amount of heat, and very much heat is released at the beginning of the incubation). subsequent stages are relatively more. In order to avoid the accumulation of heat around the eggs in the last stages of incubation, which would lead to overheating of the eggs in these stages, it is necessary in incubators of this type that do not have devices for controlling the amount of air in each stage of incubation, take into account the temperature conditions of this stage, so that the volume of air applied to each tray with eggs corresponds to the maximum amount of heat developed by these eggs.

The present invention aims to create a method and apparatus for incubating the < 1 > allowing air to be used for the eggs in various herds, and incubation to control their temperature so that the entire volume of air used for this purpose is used, thus eliminating the need to control air applied to eggs in various stages with more or less complex devices, such as dampers or valves, or by changing the position of the eggs during different periods of incubation, or by circulating, excessively of the volume of air.

In FIG. 1 shows a cross section through 1 - 1 of FIG. 2 devices for incubating bird eggs; FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through 2-2 of FIG. J; FIG. 3-horizontal section of it according to 3-3 of FIG. one;. FIG. 4 is a partial vertical section through 4-4 of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 - the same in 5-5 of FIG. 3

The method of incubating bird eggs is that the trays with eggs in different stages of incubation, except the hatching stage, are dyed without horizontal partitions or walls between the trays, and the air in uniform volumes goes to the trays in the horizontal direction with exactly defined lateral movement air is dispersed to a greater or lesser extent between adjacent trays. Thus, the egg trays are arranged in such a way that the kansda of a pair of egg trays in the successive stages of incubation are separated by at least one tray from eggs that are in another stage. For example, in this case, not a single pair of adjacent trays in relation to their incubation stages is closer than a period of one week, with eggs placed in stages with an interval of three and a half days. This arrangement allows diffusion or mixing of air between adjacent trays so that some of the air from the tray with the eggs in the earlier incubation stage goes to the tray with the eggs from the later incubation stage and vice versa. Due to this, the proper temperature for the eggs is achieved by a volume of air that is much smaller than the volume that would be required for the eggs in the last incubation stage if these eggs were placed in a separate chamber.

The device for carrying out the proposed method consists of an incubator having walls-front 1, rear 2, side 3 and 4, floor 5 and ceiling 6. Entrance door 7 leads to the central corridor 8, on both sides of which there are shelves for egg trays, forming racks consisting of vertical posts 9 and 9, and horizontal cross-beams 10, the bent parts of which serve as shelves for trays 7 with eggs. Trays T with eggs are located on vertical racks on both sides of the corridor; in this example, shown on five racks on each side. The trays in each rack are grouped into four groups, of which the top three groups are for eggs at different stages of incubation, and the bottom group is for eggs at the hatching stage, this group being separated from others by horizontal partitions P. Each group of trays for eggs is in process. The incubation contains six gaps for trays, representing five stages of incubation with a period of three and a half days, and a free gap for the target, which will be explained later.

T trays for conventional eggs with wire bottom 12, without intermediate horizontal partitions between trays - each rack, except

the partitions separating the trays with hatching eggs from the chutes with eggs in the incubation stages, so that the air dissolves between the trays of the rack and circulates horizontally between the trays, with the same volume above each of the incubation trays, except for the output trays. The front ends of the trays communicate freely with the central corridor 8, but near the rear ends of the trays there are vertical perforated partitions 13, delimiting the racks and forming air chambers 14, the lower ends of which are closed by the bottom 5 of the main chamber, and the upper ones communicate with the outer chamber 15 passing through upper part of the device. Each of the partitions 13 is provided with several rows of openings 16, one row for each tray. The holes of each row, with the exception of holes for lead Trays, are selected in size and quantity so that air is circulated over the trays through them according to the desired volume.

The volume of air passing through the trays with advantageous eggs is set to the same size, however, the air must circulate here more than in the case of trays with hatching eggs.

For air circulation, the fans 17 are driven by an electric motor 18; brackets 19 for each fan are attached to the boundary racks from the chamber 15 of the casing-like devices 20 mounted on the upper end of the racks 9 and 9 and serving to eliminate heat conduction. The direction of rotation of each fan is chosen so that air circulates in the direction of the arrows; the compressed air in chamber 14 provides for an even distribution of Air through the openings 16 from top to bottom of the incubation trays, as well as an even but increased air distribution for the outlet trays.

Fresh air is injected into the duct of the cable-shaped device 20 through the grille 21, from where it enters the central corridor under the fan through the openings 22. The spoiled air is exhausted through the openings 23a, the ceiling. Under each fan there is an electric} H heater, thermostatically controlled to heat the air to the required temperature.

On each side of the incubation chamber, there are indicator boards Я4 with digital symbols showing the order in which the trays with eggs should be placed in racks. One of these boards is placed at each end of a group of trays on each side of the incubator. For each group of six trays, there are indicators from No. 1 to No. 6. Trays for the first set of eggs are placed in the space marked No. 1. The second set; they are placed in the space marked .JNfe 2, the third set in the space marked No. 3, and so on, until all six sets have been placed. These kits differ in three and a half days, so that the last set is assembled in seventeen and a half days. By this time, or a little later, the trays under JSS 1 are placed in the discharge compartment, and in order not to break the cycle of operations, they do not place in the space No. 1 / fresh eggs, and this space is closed by the shutter 25 (Fig. 4). Each such flap is made of sheet metal with a curved edge, which is hung on trays directly above the place to be turned off; These flaps prevent air from passing through unoccupied places and thus disturb the diffusion of air between the trays. In this order of placing eggs between trays of this group, the difference in incubation stages is maintained for at least one week, so that trays with warm eggs in the last incubation stage have trays with cooler eggs in their vicinity on both sides and vice versa.

With this method of circulating air in a horizontal direction through trays of eggs, all the air circulating from the fans is brought into close contact with the eggs, so that the volume of air required for circulation can be significantly reduced compared to what is required for large incubators. types with a corresponding decrease in exploitation costs. ; .z,

Patent Subject

Claims (4)

1. A method for incubating bird eggs, characterized in that in order to achieve a uniform temperature in the incubation chamber, eggs are placed on vertical rows of trays in such a way that eggs on different trays have iikubation periods over which the air flow is directed in the horizontal direction. 2. A device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, consisting of an incubator equipped with a central air passage housing electric fans and controlling thermostatically heated heaters characterized by the use of vertical racks 9, 9, and with crossbars and 10, for placing portable mesh trays G, shelves installed in such a way that between the shelves and side walls of the incubator air chambers 14 are formed, delimited from the side of the shelves by vertical perforated partitions 13 and -connected at the top of the incubator with an air chamber 15, delimited from the upper ends of the racks by box-shaped devices 20. 3. In the device according to claim 2, use the indicator board 24 with numbers indicating the sequence of movements of the trays with the eggs. 4. In the device according to claim 2, use the flaps 25 put on the central ends of the empty trays in order to eliminate the last air flow. ig.2 x-gu (, / - IfidifljtipjfjjdfiiiDi OJ Uh .75 -i P n Ib 1Ki1 III ftiiiiifi-ti d  -jr fc: rjri 1ltsha Jj JEraoe JXD-ttad} .f kno raaa & aa l; .GiJ ti,.  ZhUO g yj -cnrcuoaotaoaan ErocDJ 7traimi; dj lg-gd-dt ;, | -7 sht1ttsu1tpg f onxD-occmaac I ecd ljsssgoals l .-; h.c- :: occxxl C orthodismus p (Xii - o -.; - rr :: rrx: .frai wypip ou xaixxioixoctaci | s  cac :: jJt. Lonbaecorili SELLER W QDOXrOf ip a C-ODgga jCtortcDuBO irD-n-aGsht , zaggsg & about g1gasy Chat1ShP1131GSH7s | --- & .CDQ fpDCCCCCOJffCID j ci.UJ3LDra3311 bcQJ3JODQ.O O TIJTjCrQi; LZ ::: ESN5 1; .sh : --- 10 G ahheh: - CLCuC j p5; -4h a n "utu on g a in otaaxrc-ctoJi I .aao- :: i: Cf i foi # (ExeverG % c: aoKfflLaa: vrcif I, Ifc., L. „-.4f, 4-9; ; iS & Vcfo, I ,,,. 0.0.0 v: u.a hi  .- VPx5 "ft I" OAvO, I Vc & b ° ob ° flfc, | 5j .. il / -21 20 s. / MatisshenshsgEg tsgo.Lsaoazago Vj.LO OcOV3JCU9 {ii I CiX / 1 pJero xn ::: ® jcrc pogrOi g 6M .odta  S) Ctirr lf cioxyj Tsohhhyuosooetor Chok: 1E leoskhz :. “V. u FJQ axjZLazxDODc: Jac OSHGOSAZPP GZU -IJ toa ggjTi oorcp tlXLDC tnxo-rao -srapj; VlltrrxnXK; STOi-f; o: CI7 aCiEniCLGO C. SE. jD.lA.O tJO.OuOP OLOn O tsy-O OOSOO  tt- siLrj: -18 ° A ° c 5 & fc & & p, i  -J) li-lbi ° (& „I.-, to , f-, 4. patent of an in-th company. Wekai Incubator Manufactory Company No. 35733 C | 3d S ,:. 1 0 §fD- .a.o..o-X); Is. to - t 6