SU34557A1 - Device for braking machine units with subsequent automatic release - Google Patents

Description

The present device for braking the machine units with subsequent automatic release can be widely used in the operation of power stations, both hydraulic and thermal. If there are units with large rotating masses installed at the station, it becomes necessary to use special braking of the unit during the process of stopping the latter, otherwise stopping with the unit turned off will stretch for a long time. Usually, the unit is braked by manually opening a special crane and the working agent (oil or air) under pressure, enters the brakes. In this case, the required leveling of braking is not always carried out, which leads to faster wear of the entire braking system and is harmful reflected on the unit itself. Then the moment of the complete stop of the unit waits, after which the station worker should turn off the oil access (or air) by turning the crane and release the brake pads. It is much more difficult to carry out the whole process in case of serious accidents at the station, when a full stop of the unit is required in the shortest possible time. In this case, the wrong or late response to the service (349)

Living personnel can destroy a lot of valuable equipment, and, finally, this method of manual maintenance is completely inapplicable at semi-automatic or fully automatic stations, where, as a rule, there are no maintenance personnel.

The proposed device allows the braking process to be fully automated and, thereby eliminating any dependence on the attendants, to give high accuracy and reliability in operation.

The operation of the device is based on the action of two cataracts, on which one after the shutdown of the unit automatically releases the working fluid from the brake.

In the drawing, depicting a diagram of a device for braking machine assemblies followed by an automatic release, FIG. 1 shows the device in the initial position; FIG. 2-when the operating mode of the unit, FIG. 3-at the time of stopping the unit.

The solenoid / is connected to the current source through contacts located on the oil switch rod. Cataracts 5 and 5 have in their pistons single-acting valves and bypass channels of different cross section. The cataract body 5, associated with the distributor piston 6, is relative

longer cataract body 3, connected to a fixed point. The stopper 10 is connected to the turbine guide, in the case of a hydraulic station, or:, with a steam shut-off valve, in the case of a heat power installation. In the case of a complete closure of the guide vane of the turbine or the vapor shut-off valve, the stopper completely goes to its own valve and does not prevent the movement of the heart of the solenoid 7.

In the initial position of the device shown in FIG. 1, the solenoid / open circuit, the right shoulder of the rim, the center arm at the support point 4 of the lever is lowered under the action of the spring 2 and the body of the cataract 5 and, connected to it, the working fluid distributor box d is in the lowest southern position, due to which The channel of the pressure pipe 7 is closed, the channel of the brake pipe P is in communication with the channel of the exhaust pipe 8, the brake pads are released and the stopper 10 is recessed into the groove.

At the moment the unit starts at the station, the ampoule of the guide apparatus or the steam valve is opened & that prevents the groove 10 3 3 from extending into its groove. After the generator has been synchronized and the oil switch is turned on, the solenoid circuit / closes and the last, turning on the core, turns the lever near its pivot point 4 (Fig. 2). The change in the position of the lever will only be countered by the spring 2, since, thanks to the valves in the cataract pistons, these pistons can easily move relative to their bodies. The distribution valve 6 does not change its position. Brake pads continue to be released. This state of the device shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to the operating mode V of the unit.

In the process of shutting down the unit, first turn off the oil switch, inter alia, the solenoid circuit / open, but the core of the latter cannot fall, as the stopper prevents this 10. By this time, the guide vane, or the vapor barrier, stops closing, the stopper gradually goes into its groove, and at the time of complete closing the starting

the device is the core of the solenoid 1 or, whatever, the right arm 1 arm, not held by anything else, under the action of the spring 2 will receive a tendency to move down. The rapid movement of the lever will be determined by the diameter of the bypass channel in the cataract 3 piston, but it can be reduced to a relatively small size.

The presence of a bypass in cataract 5 allows the absolute speed of movement of the body, and, consequently, the piston of the working fluid distributor 6, to be even lower. Thus, when the lever near the point of its support 4 is slowly turned, the piston of the distributor 6 moves even more slowly upwards. The working medium through the channels of the piston will get access 3 supply pressure pipe 7 to the brake pipe 9 and further to the brakes. The slow closure of the channels in the piston of the distributor 6 makes it possible to obtain a smooth increase in the braking force to normal. Full stroke. The piston of the distributor 6 takes about 3-4 minutes to complete. By this time, the piston, and, therefore, the body of the cataract 5 reaches its highest position and the spring 2 will be fully compressed (Fig. 3). The cataract piston 5 loses its tendency to move upwards, and its body, under the action of its own weight and the weight of the piston of the distributor 6, will begin to slowly descend. The lowering speed depends on the cross section of the bypass in the cataract piston,

In the lowest position, the piston of the differential will close the pressure pipe 7 and report the brake pipe 9 to the outlet S. The pressure cfJH is set to atmospheric and the brake pads are completely released, and the entire device returns to its original position .;

The subject matter of the invention.

“,. ,: A device for braking the machine units with subsequent automatic release, characterized by the use of two cataclys 5 and 5, whose pistons are articulated with a lever rotating on support point 4 and connected to the core of the solenoid /, the body of which cataracts are connected: the cataract body 5 is stationary point, and the cataract body 5 with the piston of the distributor 6 working fluid brake to release this fluid from the brake pipe 9 to the exhaust 8 when lowering the cataract body 5 after stopping the unit.

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