SU33243A1 - Apparatus for scalding shroveted oil seeds - Google Patents

Description

The present invention aims to set up an apparatus for preparing oil seeds, before pressing them on hydraulic presses, in order to obtain the remaining oil from them after pressing at low pressure or with a single pressing. At the same time, the proposed apparatus allows the process of preparing seeds (mill) to be carried out more rationally, with the expenditure of considerably less time and effort, and in the apparatus it is simpler and less metal-consuming in its design.

In normal operation at oil mills, oil seeds, after grinding, enter steam fryers, consisting of four or five separate tanks with stirrers, with double bottoms, and rtenki for heating the tanks with a sharp weight up to 5 atmospheres. The crushed seed, with constant stirring in vats, is heated for 50; -60 minutes, when it is moistened in a thick layer, up to 40-50 heels, and then pressed in hydraulic presses to wring out the oil. ,

The design of such an apparatus, i.e. a steam frypot, is very metal-intensive, since all tanks consist of double bottoms and double walls - Steam fryers, having agitators in tanks, require considerable energy (54)

STI (up to 35 kilowatts) and considerable time spent in the roaster and, despite this, the cooking process itself is irrational, since it is almost impossible to master this process with this machine design, as a result of which the oil residues in the cake always fluctuate significantly. both in the direction of their increase, and in the direction of decrease.

The proposed design of the apparatus, instead of a brazier, is much simpler and less metal-consuming compared to the latter, since in this apparatus there are no tanks with double bottoms and double walls for heating them with steam under pressure; there are also no agitators for mixing MPG at a significant number of revolutions (up to 35-40 per minute); therefore, the energy consumption in the proposed temperature unit is reduced by more than 10 times.

Experimental work carried out by the Scientific Research Institute of the Butter - Margarine Industry, to test this proposal, demonstrated the possibility of preparing Zgi in a short period of time by steaming in a quiet state.

In the drawing of FIG. 1, a side view of the apparatus is shown; FIG. 2 - its top view; FIG. 3 is a section along the line AB in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a section along the line of the LED in FIG. 1, depicting a bottom pan device.

The proposed apparatus (Fig. 3) consists of an outer casing /, 2, 3, which in its upper part has a lid 4 with a receiver 5 for raw materials, an outlet pipe 6 for steam and a device 7 for admitting steam into the apparatus through -hole 8. Case the apparatus has an inlet 9 for admitting fresh steam to the apparatus. The outer shell has a bottom, U, "which is also the lid of the collector // for the steamed flour. Said weedhouse is equipped with a stirrer 72, slowly rotated in order to pour out the steamed flour through the chute 13 into the box of the molding machine; conduit 14 serves to inject steam directly into the mass if further heating is required; conduit 15 is intended to drain condensate water from the apparatus.

Inside the housing is a vertical shaft 16, driven by gear 17; agitators 12 and a drum 18, on which tareaki 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 are also strengthened, are attached to the designated shaft; as the shaft of the tray rotates, they make a slow movement along with the drum; Each plate has a bottom consisting of opening blinds — the inner wall 24 of each of the plates is fixed on the drum, the outer wall 25 of the plate is connected to the inner wall with four spokes. For convenience of assembly, the plates along their circumference consist of two parts, which are interconnected on the drum with bolts; the walls 26, which serve to hold a layer of certain high height b on the plate, are attached inside the walls of the housing. The plate (Fig. 4) consists of an outer rim 25 and an inner wall 24, with which it is fixed on the drum 18.

The bottom of each plate consists of from separate louvers 27, wherein each louver is fastened on an axis 28 (Fig. 3). This axis is held at one end at the inner wall of the plate, and the second passes through the outer rim of the plate. At this end, the axle is mounted using a 2P crank and a weight 30, which is a roller turning on

its axis. A crank with a weave ukrenjfeH is perpendicular to the plane of the louver itself, which makes the latter be in a closed state and hold onto a layer of wilted oil seed. On the plane of the louver, small holes are made to allow water vapor to pass through them. A shelf is screwed onto the wall of the outer casing from the inside. 5 /; The weight 30 of each louver, during the movement of the plate, enters on the indicated shelf and turns the louver, becoming its plane in the vertical position 52, which causes the oil raw material on the louver to be poured from it into the next plate. As soon as the weight descends from shelf 31, it turns down and the louver closes again; then a plate of crushed oil seeds is poured out on it by rotating the plate. Following the first louver 27a, it also fits shelf 31 and also opens and closes. In the same way, all the louvers of the tray that pass the indicated shelf are opened and closed; thus, the transfer of the opaque mash from one plate to another is carried out until it comes from the top plate 19 to the collection //.

The device has a drive 33 to the gearbox and piping: 9-for steam inlet into the housing of the apparatus in which the plates are placed, 14-for steam inlet into the collector, 34-for exit of water vapor from the collector //, when they are released from the steamed stuff and descent of condensation water from the apparatus.

The device is provided with hatches 35, 36, 37 and 38 (Fig. 1) for inspecting it.

During operation, the apparatus inside the plate J9-23 is driven into slow rotation with the aid of a gearbox / 7 and a shaft / 6. The crushed seed oil arriving for sparing or the crushed oil opened when the oil is pre-selected pass through the chute 39 (Fig. 3) and are fed uninterruptedly to the upper plate. The height of the layer of this material on the plate can be adjusted by the depth of the estrus 5P above the upper plate. Oil feedstock entering the top plate using special lips

The properties for opening and closing Ms. Ezi at the bottom of the plates pass continuously to 1 ВНБ1m from the top plate to the burner 20, wipe the third 2 / and t, d.

the bottom plate 25, from which through the covered louver 32, flows into the sump 40 into the collection for the steamed t (Vara, KOTOjJoro using the mixer / stirrer poured into the outlet 13 for it and posed to the molding machine to sentence the packages and charge them to the press .

When moving 1: there is a hole on top of them — the indicated plates meet him with water vapor, which, passing through the louver holes and through this, make it “t him. In this case, the following process is accomplished in the apparatus: the oil of the first raw material, which is fed to the upper element, is quickly moistened from condensation of steam when the seed is heated. Sewing moisture inside produces emulsion dispersion in the semen and releases it from the emulsion that is in it to get out of the seed during essing, - then on the following plates from the action of water vapor on the heat the evaporation of moisture in large quantity in: seed blunt in the upper plate, seeds are dried out a little on brilliants 20-23, with less saturated: the steam acts on the raw materials found on the last bottom plate

Before it enters the collection and flows, gradually taking moisture from the plates, it finally moistens the sy {N1ena top plate, and its excess through the pipeline / leaves the apparatus. To regulate the heating and moistening of the seeds on the top plate, pipeline 7 through the tapes (Fig-3) and holes 8 in the drum under the top plate brings fresh steam, which is mixed with the steam coming from below and passes through the raw material and leaves with the rest of the steam from the apparatus pipeline 6.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. An apparatus for steaming oil seeds with a pair of plates arranged about; another, characterized in that the bottom of the dish is provided with plates in the form of louvres 27 which are alternately closed with an axle 28 and placed in a vertical position during the movement of the dish to move the sponge oil raw materials to the plates from top to bottom and at the same time to create a backflow of water vapor from bottom to top. 2. The form of the apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the apparatus has a channel 4f in the axis of the shaft and openings 8 in the drum for supplying fresh PGF. vSMJt FIG. J