SU30825A1 - Wood vaulted cylindrical overlap with tapped hems and end walls - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to wooden vaulted cylindrical ceilings with low spots and with end walls.

In the proposed floor for large spans to the vaulted cross-pavement from the underside, transverse archways are sewn to reinforce the longitudinal section of the roof, and from above the longitudinal bars to reinforce its cross section and to attach the roofing material to them. Instead of upper longitudinal boards, longitudinal boards can be sewn to their transverse arches, or from the lower side, longitudinal boards, and transverse arch arches or plywood are sewn to the latter.

In FIG. 1, 2 depict a diagram of a vaulted cylindrical overlap with the foyer, in longitudinal and transverse sections; FIG. 3, 4, top and bottom view of the same overlap; FIG. 5 - the scheme of the same overlap on four pillars; FIG. 6, 7 is a scheme of the same overlap with one arch and two horizontal beams in the section and plan; FIG. 8, 9 - the same scheme with three arches and four horizontal beams in a section and a plan; FIG. 10, IQi -

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part of the overlap with the board in terms of and: cut; FIG. 11 - part of the overlap with transverse arches; FIG. 12 is a section through a part of the overlap with the plywood filed under it; FIG. 13 - detail of the coating (cut near the lamp); FIG. 14 is a plan of the part of the ceiling with transverse wooden arches; FIG. 15 is a sectional view of a portion of the overlap at the junction with a horizontal beam; FIG. 16- a section of the part of the overlap of the kachayush, her support; FIG. 17 - plin part of the ceiling with cross arch boards and hemmed to them longitudinal boards; FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a portion of the overlap with a sheet set for heating; FIG. 19 is a sectional view of a portion of the overlap at the joint of the arch on a horizontal beam; FIG. 20, 21 - plans of parts of the overlap of different designs. The wooden vaulted cylindrical overlapping with the heels and with the end walls is hollow beams of considerable size. The width of such a beam is determined by the width of the room to overlap, the length of the span to be covered, and the height, by the height of the roof with the following characteristics: 1) the outline of the mesh to be covered is rectangular or close to rectangular; 2) polishing only on the end walls and the lack of longitudinal bearing; 3) the value of thrust is small; 4) mesh overlap of several layers stacked or discharged at an angle of 45 ° to the generator of the roof or 90 ° between the boards of adjacent layers. The main elements of the overlap without a lamp are the shell itself (fig. 1 and 2), the end walls b and the side element c. In the presence of a lamp, additional elements are added: the side of the slot for the lamp (Fig. 4) and the slot for the lamp, vent or light (Figs. 1 and 4).

FIG. 5 shows the main elements of the overlap in perspective, with columns for the end walls serving. The horizontally disposed beams e (Fig. 6-9), suspended from the arch-shell, eliminate the displacement of the edge of the arch in the horizontal direction. When the roof is iron and roofing, and the distance between the end walls up to 12 meters, the roof of the roof can consist of two oblique floorings a, arranged at an angle of 45 ° to the generator of the roof and at an angle of 90 ° to each other (Fig. 10). The side member b may consist of several rows of longitudinal planks that are crimping the 1 file of the hull roof. Both lower and upper decks can be split. The joints of the flooring and the side element are located in the scramble. The boards of the onboard element are bonded with slanting decking, as well as the slanting decking between themselves exclusively by means of nails. The design of the roof vault exclusively for an iron roof can be (Fig. 11-16) of: 1) sparse flooring a of the cubes (Fig. 11) for fastening the iron roof sheets, 2) double oblique flooring b, with one or both floorings can be split, 3) transverse plank arches in from several boards stacked raincoats on each other; 4) plywood l (Fig. 12), hemmed from below and giving a smooth surface to the ceiling. Oblique flooring and longitudinal bars in the slot for the lamp can be interrupted, and the arches should be all or partly passed through the slot. The fastening of the side element on the edge can be carried out as indicated in FIGS. 15 and 16. FIG. 15, the horizontal beam is a flat roof on a wooden base. For a better mate of the horizontal beam with the arch-shell, an iron sheet J is placed, on which loosely laid roofing material. In the event that the walls of the extensions or reinforced concrete frames are located on the sides of the roof, then the edges of the roof can be fixed by means of swinging supports along the length of the roof, in the form of separate metal rods and (Fig. 16) fixed through known gaps in the concrete frames or in the wall of the adjacent building. The design of the shell arch itself can be both cold and heat. In the latter case, slabs of fibrolite, sphagnum, etc., are located between the archways of the arch. If the roof is assumed to be ruberoid, then the main structural elements are arranged as follows (Fig. 17): 1) double oblique flooring, b, the lower layer can be thinned, and the upper solid flooring serves as the basis for a ruberoid roof, 2) under double oblique flooring transverse arches c, 3) a continuous padding underneath is located in the direction of the arch forming. For the heating of sphagnum fibrolite slabs, etc. are located between the arches. With spans up to 50 meters, the construction of the roof arch, with a ruberoid roof, consists, as can be seen in FIG. 18-21, from 1) along the lengths of a, consisting of several boards, located at some distance from each other, flat, and the joints of the boards are located in a razbezhku (Fig. 20), 2) of the cut slanting floor b; 3) solid flooring in, which serves as the basis for the roofing felt and roof (Fig. 18 and 19); 4) at the bottom of the edges of the transverse arches, the roof of the roof can be lined with plywood (Fig. 18 and 19). In the case of overlap of large spans and at gentle arches, to increase the stability of the system, it is possible to hem, along the arch cross-section, two rows of spaced boards forming the arch, spaced them at a distance of 1-1.5 meters. These arches can be made filing plywood. In addition, for insulation, fibrolite, sphagnum, etc. can be laid between the arches, plates d (Fig. 18 and 19).

The board is strengthened by a series of longitudinal planks (fig. 19), located along the edge of the arch - the shell. A rational form of the curve of the roof-shell is the circumference of a circle, along which it is easier to bend the boards during assembly. End walls can be in the form of solid or lattice beams.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A wooden vaulted cylindrical overlap with visceral hems and end walls, characterized in that, in order to apply the known vaulted crossboard flooring to the overlaps of large spans, transverse archways are sewn from the underside to reinforcement of the longitudinal section of the roof, and above the longitudinal bars for strengthening its cross section and for attaching the roofing material to them. 2. Change overlay pop. 1, characterized in that instead of the upper longitudinal bars to the transverse arches, longitudinal boards are sewn on their lower side. 3. Alteration of overlap according to claim 1, characterized in that longitudinal sandwiches, d, are sewn from the underside of the cross-plank flooring, and to these purlins there are cross-bordered cross-arches to or plywood. Fig -ib inrd E to the author's testimony of G. G. Carlsenau by M. E. Kagan and P. N. Ershov No. 30825 f) I I 1 - P U