SU221409A1 - DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC REGULATION OF LOADING OF SELF-PROPELLED GRAIN MIXTURE - Google Patents

Description

Devices are known for automatically controlling the loading of self-propelled combine harvesters, including an engine loading sensor. The sensor is associated with electrohydraulic actuators that control the stepless variator of the speed of movement of the combine. The executive bodies include, in particular, an electromagnetic spool, one of the windings of which is intended to move the spool to a position corresponding to a decrease in the speed of movement, and the second to a position corresponding to an increase in the speed of movement of the combine.

Engine in self-propelled 1hah for drive as a combine undercarriage, and threshing machine with a header. Loading on the engine during operation may vary from the side of the thresher with the header due to uneven flow of weight and from the side of the running gear, depending on the conditions of movement of the combine, for example, when the combine moves up or down the slope.

When combines equipped with automatic load control devices, including an engine load sensor, operate, there may be cases when, with an optimal engine load, supported by the specified automatic control device, overloading of the thresher working parts may occur. If the combine moves on a slope at this time, the power required to move it decreases, and the engine is loaded at the same opt: negative value, as a result of which the automatic regulation system increases the speed of the combine. Increasing the speed will lead to an increase in the amount of mass entering the threshing machine, which can overload its working bodies and lead to grain loss.

A device having an engine load sensor, in order to prevent possible overloading of the working parts of the thresher, also has a load sensor for these organs, for example, a threshing drum load sensor. When the hammer is optimally loaded, this sensor acts on a switch with normally closed contacts, which are connected in series by the corresponding contacts of the engine load sensor to the circuit of the electromagnetic zolotnka circuit, intended to move the spool to the position corresponding to the increased 1st movement speed of the combine. Thus, attaining the optimum threshing load of the thresher, its load sensor disconnects the winding circuit, the speed increase increases, and the signal to increase

speeds from the engine load sensor to the executive bodies of the automatic control system cannot be controlled, therefore, the threshing load will not decrease.

At the same time, in the proposed device there is a second switch with normally open contacts, which, like the contacts of the first switch, are affected by the threshing mechanism load sensor, but connected to the winding circuit of the combine speed reduction parallel to the corresponding engine load sensor contacts.

Thus, in the proposed device, in addition to the automatic control circuit of the engine load, due to the thresher boot sensor of the second switch, a second automatic control loop is formed - the thresher load control loop, and the speed increase only comes from the engine load control loop. Sigal, however, to reduce the speed can be delivered both from the load control loop: 1gatel, and from the luiltilka load control loop.

The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed device.

The engine loading sensor has a sensitive membrane / with which contact needle 2 is connected with a figured nro intertwining lever 3. The sensor has moving shaking contact 4 that is located under tension of spring 5, and its lateral side coitacts 6. Loading sensor of thresher is a torque torque sensor on the thresher shaft, consisting of N. psiva 7 drive shaft 8 of the hammer drum, power spring 9, outdoor sensor 10, crosses 11, morning link 12, as well as switches fli and Yao and feedthrough current collector 13. Switch ents f / i iormalno has closed contacts and the switch / 7 - pormalpo open contacts.

The control of the hydraulic cylinder 14 of the running gear variator 15 by means of hydraulic throttles 16 from the manual steering gold 17 or from the electromagnetic gold 18. The oil is supplied by the oil pump 19 via the reduction valve 20 and the main distribution valve 21 from the liquid tank 22.

The windings 23 and 24 of the electromagnetic spool are turned on via intermediate relays 25 and 26. The variator is equipped with limit switches 27 for switching on the warning lamps 28 and the audio signal 29.

The power supply to the circuit is supplied via plug connector 30. To turn on the power, use the main switch Yaz and switch P, which is provided with a manual-control valve.

batteries included in the electrical equipment of the combine. The device works as follows. The throttled pressure from the engine cylinders, proportional to its load, flows into the working chamber of the sensitive element, and, acting on Membrane 1, causes its deformation. The deformation of the membrane is transmitted through the contact needle 2 and

shaped lever 3 to an insulated moving contact 4, which comes into contact with one of the fixed contacts 6, closes through a normally closed contact of the I switch on the threshing mechanism of the thresher coil of an intermediate relay 25 or 26, which, in cBOio, turns on the power supply circuit 23 and 24 electromagnetic valve 18. Thus, access of the oil from the hydraulic pump 19 to the hydraulic cylinder 14

of the undercarriage variator and w.- {losing or increasing the progressive movement speed of the combine.

The supply and drain lines of the electromagnetic spool are connected to the hand-operated spool 17 in series, and the pressure magnet from the electromagnetic hydro-stem to the hydraulic driver 14 is parallel. With the increase in pressure in the hydraulic system

part of the oil in the injection line is not retracted by the reduction clan 20 into the oil and through the main valve 21 enters the tank 22. Such connection of the hydraulic lines allows, if necessary, the manual adjustment of the variator.

Switch P, interlocked with the handle of the manual control spool 18, turns off the automatic system with the variator control knob, preventing the occurrence of counterpressures in the main lines in the hydraulic cylinder. In addition to the pressure reducing valve, hydraulic chokes 16, such as Tina, are used to adjust the system.

“Flap nozzle. Changing the flow section of hydraulic chokes makes it possible to change the time constant of hydraulic cylinder 14 (the speed and time of movement of the hydraulic cylinder piston from one extreme position to another) and, therefore, to adjust the device to the modes and conditions in the sovokunosti; combine work. In the sensitive element, which detects engine output pressure, it is possible to regulate the sensitivity zone and optimal engine load by moving the fixed contacts 6 separately and together, and

also by tensioning the spring 5.

The supply circuit of the relay 25 and the winding 23 of the electromagnetic spool. This limits the further increase in the forward speed of the combine from the side of the engine load sensor, although the load of the latter is lower than optimal.

If during this period there is a further increase in the supply of grain mass and steepness, its moment reaches the maximum permissible value, the switch contacts are closed, and the current through the relay 26 will flow into the coil 24 of the electromagnetic spool. As a result, the progressive speed of the combine will be reduced until the feed reaches the optimum value.

The required interval between the optimal and maximum allowable feed rates (dead zone of the thresher boot sensor) can be adjusted by changing the distance between the switches and the moving crossbar 11.

Thus, an increase in the forward speed of a combine equipped with the proposed device may be “quiet,” provided that the engine and thresher are loaded below the optimum value. When the optimum load is reached in one of the parameters (regardless of the load in another), the further increase in speed is stopped.

In the event of an overload in one of the parameters, regardless of the load, and in the second, the speed is reduced until the load on this parameter reaches the set value.

If, according to the engine or thresher loading conditions and the automatic control system, the piston in the hydraulic cylinder 14 reaches an extreme position, the contacts of one of the limit switches 27 are closed, with the help of which light and sound signals are needed to further change the driving speed and the gears of the undercarriage transmission combine harvester.

Subject invention

ten

Claims (2)

1. A device for automatically controlling the loading of a self-propelled combine harvester, including an engine loading sensor, associated with electro-hydraulic actuators, which control the combine speed of a variable speed drive, one of the coils of the electromagnetic spool which is designed to transfer the spool into position, corresponding to the increase in the speed of movement of the combine, and the second to the position corresponding to the decrease in speed, characterized in that, in order to prevent possible overloads; combines, the device includes a thresher loading sensor, when it is loaded on the switch with normally closed contacts included the winding circuit increases the speed of movement in series with the corresponding contacts of the engine load sensor. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a second non-switch with normally open contacts connected in the winding circuit of reducing the speed of the combine moving in parallel with the corresponding contacts of the engine load sensor is connected with the threshing load sensor.