SU1819807A1 - Helicopter landing gear - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to helicopter landing devices, which provide helicopter landing on an uneven or strongly inclined surface.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the operational capabilities of landing devices and the helicopter as a whole by providing a safe and guaranteed landing of the machine on an uneven or inclined surface, which is especially required for rescue helicopters and helicopters used in mountainous areas.

The goal is achieved in that the landing device comprises extendable racks with support elements movably mounted on the brackets, a gyrostabilizer and extendable rods, each of which is placed on the bracket, as well as a winch with flexible connections, a drive and tap blocks, with tap blocks placed at the ends of the pull-out racks and brackets, flexible connections are fixed at one end to the brackets, and the other at the winch drum and are made interacting with tap blocks, while the gyro stabilizer flywheel is mounted in the mountains zontally plane winch drum is kinematically connected to a flywheel gyrostabilizer and brackets are provided with spring-loaded retainers and their drive interacting with racks.

In FIG. 1 shows a helicopter with a landing device, side view; in FIG. 2 - the same front view; in FIG. 3 - one of the possible options for a detailed scheme of a cable snap system for raising and lowering racks; in FIG. 4 - ratchet stopper mechanism for racks; in FIG. 5 - retractable rod with sensors of its position; in FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a gyro stabilizer flywheel connection with a winch drum; in FIG. 7 - inertial mass with a sensor that regulates the load on the rack.

The support brackets 1 are mounted on the helicopter, on which the wheeled chassis 2 is rotatably mounted.

On the brackets 1, rails for sliding racks 3 are installed, which have pivotally fixed grip grips 4, and in other guide brackets 1 (or near the brackets 1) rods 5 are also mounted with the possibility of extension, containing rollers at their lower ends. At the ends of the uprights 3, blocks 6 and 7 are fixed, through which flexible connections are thrown 8. The ends of which are fixed on the bracket 1.

Blocks 9 are also fixed on the brackets 1, through which flexible connections 8 are thrown as well. as through the winch drum

10, on which other ends of flexible connections 8 are fixed.

The final positions of the struts 3 are fixed by sensors 11 and 12, and the helicopter also contains a sensor 13 of the maximum load on the racks 3. The sensor 13 is in contact with a spring-loaded inertial mass 14, and the racks 3 can be fixed with ratchets 15, which are activated through hydraulic cylinders 16, which contain pistons with rods 17 and springs 18.

The rods 5 in the extreme positions are fixed by sensors 19 and 20, and the helicopter is equipped with a gyrostabilizer 21, which can be placed in the fuselage of the machine or outside it. And must contain a horizontally mounted flywheel and flywheel drive. The gyro stabilizer flywheel can kinematically be coupled to the winch drum 10 through a friction clutch 22 with electromagnetic control, and the winch drive 10 can be connected to the winch drum or disconnected from the drum using another fractional clutch 23 also with electromagnetic control (this clutch can be not installed). The flywheel-drum connection also contains a gear spring-loaded clutch 24 with a sensor 25.

The described device operates as follows.

When the machine lands on the horizontal surface of the rack 3 raised to its original position until the sensors

11. Winch drive 10 is turned off, the drum of the winch is locked with an electromagnetic shoe or band brake (not shown, and if a self-braking worm gear is used in the winch drive, the brake can be omitted).

The rods 5 are lowered, the sensors 13, 19, 20 are de-energized. The gyro stabilizer does not work. The machine in the usual way lowers onto wheels 2, the rods 5 are raised due to the stop in the landing surface (if they do not have a separate drive for raising and lowering the rods).

When landing on an inclined or uneven surface, the following occurs.

Sensors 13, 19, 20 are connected to the landing alarm system. The gyrostabilizer is turned on in the operating mode, in which the flywheel is untwisted to the calculated value. The helicopter is brought closer to the landing surface until the rods 5 contact the landing surface and the sensors 20 are triggered.

The operation of the sensors 19 prohibits the further lowering of the helicopter. In case the sensors 19 are turned on, but. On one of the rods 5, the sensor 20 does not turn on, then a signal should be automatically sent to cancel the landing at this point. After the sensors 20 are triggered on all rods, the helicopter reduction can be stopped, you need to turn on the winch drive 10 to rewind the cables 8 and lower the racks 3. 10

After one of the racks touches the landing surface, it automatically stops its downward movement and the other racks begin to fall 3. The gyrostabilizer keeps the machine from 15 roll.

After all the posts 3 abut in the ground, a check can be made of the bearing capacity of the soil for the possibility of landing the machine at this point. Testing of the soil is carried out automatically by quickly lowering all points 3 at once and reporting the load P from the helicopter to the soil. The force P is equal to or more than the weight of the helicopter. The fast movement of the racks down is ensured by disconnecting the winch drum 10 from its drive by turning on the electromagnetic clutch 23 and disconnecting the friction clutch associated with it from the winch drive gearbox 10 (see Fig. 7) and simultaneously 30 by the articulated joint of the winch drum 10 with the rotating handwheel of the gyrostabilizer 21. The winch drum and the handwheel are articulated by turning on the electromagnetic clutch 22 and the friction clutch associated with it 35 in operation (see Fig. 7).

The necessary force P is adjusted during the installation of the device by adjusting the amount of spring preload 40 under the mass 14 (see Fig. 8) associated with the sensor 13, or by adjusting the amount of spring preload of the cam clutch and the associated sensor 25 (see Fig. 7).

. Sensor 25 is triggered by transmitting torque of the calculated value to cam clutch 24, and sensor 13 is triggered by accelerating the helicopter transmitted to the latter from struts 3. If necessary, 50 the load-bearing capacity of soil or snow can be repeated at the landing point.

After the sensors 13 or 25 are activated, the spools of the hydraulic control system are switched on to release oil from the working cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 16. The springs 18 of the pistons 17 of the hydraulic cylinders 16 are displaced and the ratchets 15 fix the racks in their lowered working position.

The main and tail rotors of the machine can be disconnected from their drive. The gyro stabilizer is also disconnected from its drive! the flywheel stops, the landing of the machine is completed.

When the machine takes off, the main and tail rotors are turned on, the helicopter is lifted, oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinders 16, the racks 3 are released, and the winch drum drive 10 is turned on, the racks 3 are raised to their original position until the sensors 11 are activated.

The device is simple to perform, its light weight and allows the machine to land in particularly difficult operating conditions, thereby achieving the expansion of the helicopter's operational capabilities.

Claims (3)

Claim 1. Helicopter landing gear comprising retractable racks with support elements movably mounted on brackets, characterized in that, in order to increase operational capabilities, it is equipped with a gyro stabilizer, retractable rods, each of which is placed on the bracket, a retractable strut and a winch with flexible connections , drive and tap blocks, and tap blocks are placed at the ends of the sliding racks and on the brackets, flexible connections are fixed at one end to the brackets and the other at the winch drum and made interacting with tap blocks, while the gyro stabilizer flywheel is installed in a horizontal plane. 2. The device pop. 1, starting with the fact that the winch drum is kinematically connected to the gyro stabilizer flywheel. 3. The device according to claim 1, all the same. that it is equipped with spring-loaded clamps located on the brackets and interacting with the uprights, and the clamp drive. Lwwwwx.wwwwwww ^ Ft i 7